The lack of sexual knowledge makes people's development imperfect, and sexual cognition has certain deviation, which will lead to a series of irreparable consequences and mislead children in the enlightenment period. Because of natural curiosity, most children with normal development began to ask some questions related to sex at the age of three. The importance of sex education is particularly obvious.
Children are sensitive to sexual issues, but they don't want to consult their parents. Many children's sexual knowledge comes not from their parents or schools, but from communication with their peers, or from books, magazines, movies and television. The sexual knowledge obtained from these channels often leads to incorrect guidance for children, and many sexual psychological obstacles are rooted in childhood. Therefore, sex education should start from childhood and adolescence, and parents should actively participate in sex education so that children can get correct sex education at an early age.
The function of sex education is 1 to improve the development of human nature.
Sex education is to cooperate with students at different growth stages, to teach students to understand the changes and causes of body organs, and to take appropriate measures in the face of changes, so that children can prepare psychologically in advance and avoid anxiety and even fear, such as changes in secondary sexual characteristics, wet dream, menstruation, * * and sexual impulse, * * *, premarital sex, pregnancy, contraception, unmarried mothers, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases, homosexuality and other topics.
2. Make people have a sound sexual attitude.
Sex education is not only to educate children about sex, but also to cultivate a sound sexual attitude through scientific knowledge and appropriate teaching methods, to promote the harmony of gender relations and to guide individual physical, psychological, spiritual and social development.
The popularity of sex education abroad is 1, the Netherlands.
Parents usually allow their children to take the opposite sex home for the night.
The Netherlands has a famous museum of sexual culture and a red light district, and the openness of sexual concepts is world-famous. However, the pregnancy rate of Dutch teenagers is the lowest in Europe, which is inseparable from the fact that Dutch children can receive open and systematic sex education since childhood. Parents are children's first teachers. Dutch parents have an open but restrained attitude towards teenagers' sexual behavior, which can be summarized in one sentence: allow, stay away and control. On the one hand, children will even discuss this topic with their parents at the dinner table; On the other hand, Dutch parents usually allow their children to take the opposite sex home for the night, but they will supervise them to avoid sexual harm. Parents can prepare contraceptives for their daughters in advance, or they may already know their daughters' boyfriends. If they don't like the boy, they can get rid of him skillfully; If you like, treat him as a prospective son-in-law and invite him to family gatherings.
2. France
Parents allow their children to watch.
In sex education, the influence of the media can not be ignored. From 1966, Sweden began to try to implement sex education through television, which broke the situation that parents could not talk about sex and significantly reduced the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy. Humorous cartoons are also regarded as a way of popular science knowledge in many countries. In France, the animated film Didford Boy, which was popular for 10 years, opened the door to the enlightenment of children's sex education. Comics have been published in 13 since it came out in 1992, helping children get rid of sexual confusion from the perspective of 8-and-a-half-year-old Didev. 20 1 1 launched a special reading guide for children's sex education to answer all kinds of questions raised by teenagers about themselves, love and sex. In the episode "Adolescence" in the book, Dedefu thinks that entering adolescence means that the body begins to grow long hair, so he explains to friends that mom's fur coat is furry because she "enters adolescence". After understanding the role of condoms, he and his friends deliberately put on a "condom swimming cap" to swim to prevent infection with "brain AIDS". A parent said: "At first, I thought some illustrations in this cartoon made people blush, but after buying it for my son, not only did he like it very much, but the whole family read it. Comics contain a lot of information, and children's questions about body, sex and love can be found in this cartoon. " In addition, there are TV stations in France that broadcast * * * and TV dramas at a fixed time after midnight every week, and adults in the family often allow children to watch them instead of blocking them. This is a special case of family education in France.
3. Britain, Britain
Brothers and sisters impart sexual knowledge.
In Britain, teenagers' understanding of sex comes not only from the classroom, but also from the communication between friends. In the "National Compulsory Science Curriculum" in Britain, there is a course called "Sex and Relationship", which not only teaches students about sexual knowledge, but also tells students about the relationship between people. According to the syllabus, students are divided into four age groups for teaching. Children aged 5 to 7 only need to know all parts of the body; 7 years old to 1 1 years old, understand adolescence, marriage and divorce; 1 1 to 14 years old, you should know about contraception, pregnancy and AIDS. 14 to 16 years old, studying the choice of sexual behavior, emotional health, how to reduce risks and so on. At present, "peer education" is very popular in Britain. Simply put, it is to use the influence of peer communication to cultivate minors' good sexual concept and resist the negative influence from society and the media. Because many children are reluctant to share their privacy with adults in their thirties, but they will find it easier to "talk" with their peers. Teenagers of similar age can always find more common language, thus naturally obtaining correct sexual knowledge. Many schools regularly organize children over 10 to participate in "peer education" training. Some senior students who have received sexual health education and training impart sexual knowledge to junior students. They usually receive participatory and interactive training, such as group discussion, games and role-playing. This model has crossed the communication barriers between parents and teachers and between children and students in traditional sex education.
4. Japan
The teacher personally guides the students to understand the relationship between men and women.
Japanese people attach great importance to sex education, but the implication of sex in Asian traditional culture also brings difficulties to sex education. As a result, the health care room in Japanese campus has become the second front of sex education. Education departments all over Japan have detailed regulations. For example, the Tokyo Board of Education has formulated a unified guide to sex education. It is stipulated that middle school students must take sex education classes, and teachers should guide students to accept their own physical development and psychological changes, and at the same time understand the relationship between men and women. In class, the teacher will explain the knowledge of fertilization and pregnancy, but it does not involve the process of sexual behavior. The school will also edit brochures for students according to the guidelines of the Education Committee to help children understand sexual knowledge. In addition, Japanese schools generally have clinics, which become the second classroom of sex education. Japan's School Health and Safety Law stipulates that schools must set up health care rooms for health diagnosis, guidance and first aid treatment. The health room is full of teachers who graduated from medical college. After obtaining professional qualifications, you can become a health care teacher. Health teachers don't give lectures or attend classes, which makes it easier for students to talk about privacy. When they encounter troubles in love and are embarrassed to ask their parents and other teachers about sex, they will go to the health room to talk. The teacher in the health room is very easy-going to all the visiting students, and will keep them confidential when talking with them cordially.
5. Germany
Teach children about sex and contraception.
As long as German students are in the sixth grade, the school will send them a letter from their parents, which contains an outline of a sex education course. Through this outline of sex education, we can easily see that sex education in Germany has taught children about sex life and how to use contraception in primary schools. But in our country, condom education is still rejected by middle schools.
Outline of the sixth grade sex education curriculum in Germany this school year;
1, Introduction: What is the purpose of sex education courses? Why do people always feel embarrassed to mention these topics to their children? What should we discuss with the children in biology class?
2. The initial sexual characteristics of boys and girls: compare the differences of growing bodies.
3. The initial function of hormones: the change of boys (movie "From Boys to Men", American version 1992) and the change of girls (movie "From Girls to Women", American version 1992).
4. Male sexual organs: formation and function, examination. * * * Mature nocturnal emission.
5. Female sexual organs: formation and function, examination. Women's egg maturity, menstruation, extreme cycle.
6, sexual life and pregnancy process, exams. A journey of conception, a journey of eggs. When and where to conceive.
7. Contraception: Function, Endurance and Effect (movie "Various Ways of Contraception").
8. Pregnancy process, fetal development and delivery process (movie "The Birth of Life").
9. Friendship, love, responsibility and family.
10, the baby's development process. The movie The First Seconds of Man.