Speaking of teachers, it is natural to deal with students and engage in school education, so the examination center of pedagogy is particularly important. Only by mastering the basic theory can we make better use of it in practice, become an excellent teacher with more educational skills and better serve the education cause. What we bring to you today is the 2020 Teacher Qualification Certificate Primary Education Examination Center: the embryonic stage of pedagogy, so let's take a concrete look.

(1) Characteristics of Pedagogy in the Early Stage

Pedagogy, which is in its infancy, has not yet formed an independent discipline with philosophy, ethics and political science, but only shows sporadic educational thoughts and viewpoints. Its main features can be summarized as follows:

First, people's cognitive activities on education mainly stay at the level of experience and customs;

Second, most educational works appear in the form of papers, lacking scientific theoretical analysis and forming a complete system;

Thirdly, the ways of thinking and discussing pedagogy are mainly mechanical analogy, metaphor, aphorism and fable.

(2) The embryonic stage of China's educational thought.

(1) The Book of Learning

At the end of the Warring States Period, Xue Ji, the first educational document in the world, appeared in China.

② Confucius

Confucius was the greatest educator and educational thinker in ancient China, and his educational thoughts were reflected in The Analects. He attached great importance to the acquired education, and advocated that "there is no class in education" and that the purpose of education is to cultivate people into "sages" and "gentlemen"; He inherited the educational tradition of "Six Arts" in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and his teaching program can be summarized as "being knowledgeable in writing and honoring etiquette". The basic teaching subjects are poetry, calligraphy, ceremony, music, yi, spring and autumn; Teaching ideas and methods emphasize "applying what you have learned" and attach importance to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. The basic method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is heuristic ("not angry, not forced"); Emphasize the combination of learning and thinking ("learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous")

③ Mo Zhai.

Mo Zhai's educational thought takes "universal love" and "non-aggression" as the core, and pays attention to the mastery of literature and history knowledge, the cultivation of logical thinking ability and the dissemination of practical technology.

(3) Western educational thought in its infancy.

1) Socrates

Socrates is famous for his eloquence and answering questions from young wise men. This teaching method is also called "midwifery". This question and answer is divided into three steps: the first step is called Socrates' satire, which he thinks is a necessary step to make people smart, because unless one is humble and "knows his ignorance", he can't learn real knowledge. The second step is called definition. After repeated questions and induction in question and answer, a clear definition and concept are obtained. The third step is called midwifery, which guides students to think for themselves and draw their own conclusions.

② Plato

Plato's educational thought is embodied in his masterpiece The Republic. Plato was the first person to advocate "game learning".

③ Aristotle

Aristotle is an encyclopedic philosopher in ancient Greece. He inherited Plato's rationality theory and thought that the pursuit of rationality is the pursuit of virtue, and virtue is the highest goal of education. Aristotle's view of education is mainly embodied in the book Political Science. Aristotle put forward the principle of "education follows nature" for the first time in history. He noted the natural characteristics of children's psychological development and advocated educating children in stages according to the laws of children's psychological development. This has also become the ideological source of emphasizing human development in education.

④ quintilian.

The earliest educational theory work in the ancient west was The Principle of Eloquence written by quintilian in ancient Rome (also called The Education of Speakers). In this book, quintilian summarized the learning process into three stages: imitation, theory and practice.

The above is the test center of primary education for 2020 teacher qualification certificate: introduction to the embryonic stage of education. In order to successfully obtain the teacher qualification certificate, the above contents must be understood and mastered, and more teacher qualification certificates are welcome to write various answering skills. Please keep an eye on this platform.