Autism in children, also known as autism in children, is a developmental disorder characterized by severe loneliness, lack of emotional response, language development disorder and stereotyped repetitive movements. As a world medical problem, it has not been completely cured so far. People call autistic children "children of stars" because they live in their own world like stars in the sky.
In order to appeal to people all over the world to pay attention to and care for children with autism, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution on June 5438+February 2007, and from 2008, April 2 of each year will be designated as "World Autism Day" to raise people's concern about autism and related research and diagnosis, as well as people with autism.
April 2, 20 17 is the 10th World Autism Day. To this end, we interviewed Dr. Gao Zhijuan, a special expert in sensory training at Fudan Children's Hospital in Hangzhou, and she called on all sectors of society to pay attention to autistic children and popularize relevant knowledge.
Popular science education is very important to improve social attention.
From 65438 to 0989, Dr. Gao met a group of lovely little angels, some of whom were mentally retarded and hyperactive, and some were children with cerebral palsy or autism. However, what touched her most was the parents who never gave up. They gave Dr. Gao Zhijuan the direction and motivation to work hard. "I often thought that if they could prevent it earlier, or have a better way to help these parents now, maybe their children's situation would be better than now?"
Early screening and early intervention are the keys to the rehabilitation of autism. Dr. Gao believes that at this stage, the basic knowledge of autism among the general public is still in the primary stage and has not been popularized. Even if some parents don't have the correct concept, there is no early screening and early intervention. Even if the child is diagnosed with such a problem, the professional knowledge of rehabilitation in the second stage is still insufficient, which will lead to the lack of guarantee for later schooling and placement. For these lovely little angels, in order to popularize relevant scientific knowledge, Gao Zhijuan gives nearly 300 lectures all over the country every year. She said that it is very important for popular science education to change the status quo.
Some time ago, Lei Wenfeng, an autistic teenager, got lost and died in a foster care center. "Because most people don't know enough about autism, they will simply understand this child as mentally retarded. In fact, autistic children and mentally retarded children are different. Children with autism have repetitive behaviors. Although autism is accompanied by mental retardation, they will have other behavioral reactions that are more complicated than mental retardation, so social education is very important. " Gao Zhijuan said that education is not only for families with problems, but also for the general public to correctly understand what autism is.
Since 1980s, autism has been gradually recognized by people in China, but most people still don't know what autism is. Clinically, it is best to diagnose autism before 36 months. Its biggest feature is that language development is relatively slow, and the development of language ability is directly proportional to human intelligence. The IQ of most mentally retarded children is below 70-72. Secondly, if there is no visual contact, visual contact is very important, because when a child is learning to speak, he must learn by observing the other person's eyes and mouth. When he doesn't have such visual contact, parents can easily find that this child is different from ordinary children. Another feature is the isolation of social behavior, such as playing house, children generally play together, and autistic children do not interact with other children and have social behavior. Finally, there are special behaviors that are often repeated, such as watching the spinning wheel or pressing the switch.
Sensory training, customized personal training plan.
1995-2000, Gao Zhijuan studied gifted children in the United States, which further confirmed that children's academic performance is not completely related to their natural intelligence.
"Since children's academic performance can be cultivated the day after tomorrow, whether the child is normal or abnormal, the child's current performance can be improved through the training the day after tomorrow." Gao Zhijuan said that Dr. Jean Ayes put forward the theoretical basis of "sensory integration" more than 40 years ago, which means that a child must have good sensory integration ability if he wants to have normal development, good behavior and excellent academic learning ability.
Therefore, Gao Zhijuan created a training plan for children aged 0- 12 by using her clinical experience of functional therapy for special children in recent 28 years, her teaching experience in special education colleges and her educational psychology of children in the United States. "Different children should design their own personalized education and training plans according to their innate characteristics, so as to truly improve their current ability performance." Gao Zhijuan said that this will lay a good foundation for them to become happy, confident and successful outstanding adults.
At present, Hangzhou Fudan Children's Hospital is taking sensory training as an auxiliary corrective treatment for problem children. Nearly 100 trained children have made great progress in sports development, language development, emotional development, learning ability development, attention and memory, logical reasoning ability and so on. For Gao Zhijuan, this is not only a cause of baby health, but also her mission for these little angels.