Generally speaking, there are three specific means of intuition: physical intuition; The model is intuitive; Intuitive language.
In the explanation, we should highlight the classification and application of intuitive teaching principles.
2. Enlightening teaching principle: it refers to fully mobilizing students' self-awareness and enthusiasm in teaching, so that students can take the initiative to learn, so as to understand and master what they have learned.
3. Consolidate teaching principles: It means that special review should be arranged and conducted constantly in teaching, so that students can firmly master and preserve what they have learned. This principle is put forward to deal with the contradiction between acquiring new knowledge and retaining old knowledge in teaching. Old knowledge is the foundation of new knowledge. Humans have long noticed the value of consolidation for learning. Confucius said, "Keep pace with the times" and "review the past and learn new things".
4. The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude (acceptability principle): It means that teaching activities should be suitable for students' development level. This principle is put forward to prevent the teaching difficulty from being lower than or higher than the actual level of students. Explain it with the recent development of Vygotsky.
5. Step-by-step teaching principle (systematic principle): It means that teaching activities should be carried out continuously, coherently and systematically. This principle is put forward to deal with the complex relationship among the order of teaching activities, the system of subject courses, the system of scientific theories and the law of students' development.
6. The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude: The principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude requires teachers to adopt different ways and methods in teaching activities, proceed from the reality of students and carry out differentiated education according to the specific conditions of different teaching objects, so that each student can get his fullest and best development on his own original basis.
7. The principle of integrating theory with practice: This teaching principle means that teaching activities must adhere to the combination and unity of theory and practice, analyze practice with theory, and verify theory with practice, so that students can understand and master knowledge from the combination of theory and practice, and learn to use knowledge in the process of this combination.
8. The principle of combining science with education means that teaching should be conducted under the guidance of scientific methodology. This principle is put forward to unify the teaching of scientific knowledge with ideological and moral education.
Extended data:
Teaching principles have guiding and regulating significance for smooth and effective teaching activities. As a criterion of teaching activities, it can certainly guide and standardize all aspects of teaching activities and provide a basis for teachers to actively and effectively carry out teaching activities.
Teaching principles determine the choice of teaching content, teaching methods and means, and teaching organization form to a certain extent. After the determination of teaching principles, it plays an active and important role in the selection of contents, methods, means and forms in teaching activities.
Baranov pointed out: "The principles of teaching theory determine the teaching methods. The choice of teaching methods and the display of their effects depend on the principles of teaching theory as the basis of these methods. The principle system of teaching theory is the general explanation of the basic methods of learning and mastering teaching materials. "
Scientific teaching principles can effectively improve teaching efficiency. The flexible and effective application of scientific teaching principles in people's teaching practice will play a positive role in the effective and smooth development of teaching activities and improve the quality and efficiency of teaching activities.
To implement this principle in teaching, teachers have the following requirements.
1. Fully understand students. On the basis of common age characteristics, children are different. To teach students in accordance with their aptitude, we must fully understand every student. In addition to academic performance, students' personality characteristics, family background, life experience and other aspects. It is what teachers need to know when teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.
2. Respect students' differences. The differences between students are not only objective, but also reasonable. The meaning of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude includes not only acknowledging differences, but also respecting them.
The curriculum and teaching in primary schools are based on the level that all normal children can reach. On the basis of reaching the standard, teachers should allow students to have differences in different aspects and levels, and help them obtain the most suitable personality development according to each student's specific situation, instead of generally increasing the difficulty and depth. The result of a good education is to cultivate a large number of people with all-round development of personality, rather than the "standard parts" of thousands of people.
3. For every student. Primary education is an integral part of compulsory education and must be accepted by children. Completing primary education is the basic right of every school-age child in China. An important idea of modern education is that every child has the right to receive an education that suits him. Therefore, modern education emphasizes that children should not be required to adapt to education, but should adapt education to children.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Teaching Principles