Functions and methods of children's language education. The Important Role of Language Education in Children's Development
Language education is an important field of preschool education. Its function is not only to promote children's language development, but also to lay the foundation for children to learn Chinese at school. Children's language education may affect children's cognition and sociality.
1, promoting children's language development
The basic task of language education is to promote the development of children's language ability. Therefore, the primary function of language education is to make children pronounce clearly, enrich vocabulary, learn to express their thoughts and describe things around them with appropriate words. In language education, parents or teachers will provide children with various language examples, including daily conversations, stories, fairy tales, poems and so on. Let children feel, experience, understand and remember.
2. Promote children's cognitive development.
At first, children basically understood their surroundings through direct perception. They see with their eyes, smell with their noses, hear with their ears and touch with their hands. Even through disassembly, tapping and other actions to understand the various characteristics of things: color, shape, sound, texture, structure and function and so on.
3. Promote children's social development.
Through language education, children can learn the social rules of language communication while mastering the national language system, such as speaking in a civilized and polite way; Speak clearly and try to make the other person understand; Different occasions need different ways of speaking, etc. Mastering these verbal communication skills is an important part of children's social development.
Second, language acquisition theory
Language acquisition means that children unconsciously and naturally master the basic structure of their mother tongue and learn to use the common language of their own nation in normal social environment. The internal structure of language symbol system is complex and rigorous, but children can acquire language in just a few years after birth, and the speed is amazing. What promoted his language development? This is a topic that has long attracted psycholinguists. Based on their basic premises and principles, all theoretical camps have put forward their own theoretical hypotheses on language acquisition, which can be summarized as follows.
1, emphasizing the external cause theory of acquired learning factors.
Based on behaviorism learning theory, this theory holds that language is an acquired learning behavior habit. It is the result of learning. According to different views on language behavior acquisition methods, it can be divided into two schools ―― reinforcement theory and imitation theory. The main representatives of reinforcement theory are behavioral psychology Skinner, American structuralist linguist bloomfield and others. Skinner believes that children's language acquisition is a process of stimulus-response-reinforcement. 1904 American psychologist Ahlport put forward the view that language comes from imitation.
2. emphasize innate factors? Intrinsic? discuss
Representative figures are famous American linguists Chomsky and Katz, and American psychologists Miller and McNeil. Chomsky thinks that language is a complex system based on rules. He believes that people have an innate ability to master language rules, that is, language ability, which is the ability to grasp universal grammar rules that already exist in their minds.
3. Cognitive interaction theory
Representative figures are American psychologist Sloping and famous Swiss psychologist Piaget. They attach importance to both congenital factors and acquired factors, and believe that children's language develops in the interaction of congenital factors and acquired factors.
Thirdly, how to carry out language education for children in daily life
According to several basic theories of language acquisition, teachers and parents should pay attention to children's planned and organized language education in daily life according to the characteristics of children's physical and mental development, seize this critical period, cultivate children's language skills and train children's language expression ability. Children's language education can be carried out in many ways. It can be said that any feeling of language participation can be used for language education for children.
1, guide children to learn languages in daily communication.
Whether at home or in kindergarten, children have to eat, sleep, wash, drink and walk every day, which are all essential life activities for children. In these activities, children always communicate with teachers, peers and parents intentionally or unintentionally.
Teachers or parents can provide language demonstrations for children in communication and enrich their vocabulary. Children should touch various items in their daily life, such as toiletries, food, bedding, tableware, furniture and so on. Teachers or parents can talk with children and introduce them to the knowledge of various items, such as appearance, size, shape, color and so on. Internal structure and functional use, etc. In the process of introducing these common sense of life, teachers or parents are also showing their children related vocabulary and sentence patterns.
2. Develop children's language through regular theme activities.
In kindergarten, children are regularly organized to participate in some language activities around a certain topic. For example, ask a child to forecast the weather for the whole class every morning, before morning exercise, or before educational activities begin. The weatherman can be a student on duty, or let the children take turns to be a weatherman for one day. This activity can be combined with recording or making weather forecast charts. Ask one or two children to record the weather in a fixed position on the blackboard or notebook according to what they learned from TV or radio last night or this morning, and then forecast the weather to the whole class according to the records. In order to improve children's interest in activities and enrich their oral expression, teachers can encourage children to learn from the weather and temperature of the day. Remind everyone what to pay attention to when going out.
3. Use book corner and language corner for language education.
Teachers can introduce new books in the book corner to children to stimulate their interest in reading in the book corner; Teachers should also encourage children to tell stories they have read. The establishment of the activity area provides many possibilities for children to choose the game content independently, and also increases the communication opportunities between children.
In short, preschool teachers and parents should seize every opportunity in daily life, guide and educate their children in time, and develop their language skills. Language education in early childhood is particularly important, and targeted guidance should be given according to the specific problems of young children.