Introduction:
Du Fu spent most of his life in turmoil. This poem was written by the author when he was invited back to Chengdu. Its original text is as follows:
On the way to Chengdu Caotang, I will give my works to Lord Yan Zheng first.
Du Fu
one
I have to go back to the hut, back to Chengdu, and then cut for Wen Weng.
But if we let Yan Lu return, we dare to talk about the long shortage of pine and bamboo.
Fish knows the origin of point C is beautiful, but wine remembers the barrel without vinegar.
Five horses used to know the path, and several letters were sent back to their latent husbands.
Secondly,
There are white apples everywhere on the Qingjiang River, so you can still see spring in the garden.
There are no soldiers and horses in the snow mountain scouts, but there are experts in Jinli.
Don't blame children for delaying common people, and don't teach geese and ducks to annoy neighbors.
Xichi didn't feel romantic, and Jingzhou was revived.
third
Bamboo is cold and sand is green, and thorns are close at hand.
A passer-by must worry about going in and out, and a passer-by doesn't solve things by himself.
Bookmarks are wrapped in cobwebs, and horseshoes are sent to the wild mountain bridge.
Why don't you judge yourself drunk first?
Fourth.
Often bitter sand collapses and damages the medicine bar, and it also falls from the river sill.
Song Xin don't hate thousands of feet, evil bamboo when chop.
Physiology only depends on brother Huang's later years, and he has to pay for the purple elixir.
After three years of running around, I believe there is a human who is hard to go.
Fifth.
The west of Jinguan City is troubled, and Wupi is homesick.
I used to worry about soldiers, but now I'm afraid of my neighbors.
Looking back, the world is more nostalgic.
In a word, we are always flying in the clouds and birds. We might as well walk around and put on our clothes.
On the way to Chengdu Caotang, there is an explanation of "send Gong Zheng first":
1 Yan, that is, people. In 763 AD, Zheng Guogong was named Yan.
⑵? Often bitter? When I come back, I will repair the fence. Du Fu once set up a water sill in Chengdu Caotang. So-called? A new threshold for fishing? Its purpose is to prevent the sand dike from collapsing and damaging the grain. I haven't come back for more than a year at this time, for fear that the grain will fall into the water from the river sill. The first four sentences of this poem are all about arranging the thatched cottage in advance.
⑶? Song Xin? After returning to the thatched cottage, we will clean up all the flowers and trees. Xinsong refers to the four small pine trees planted by this hand before. These two categorical words also reveal Du Fu's thought and character of distinguishing between good and evil, love and hate, which is of educational significance. What if you think Du Fu is just right? Song Xin? Evil bamboo? And hair, it's not enough. Qi Yao Minshu:? Bamboo has four ugliness: green bitterness, white bitterness, purple bitterness and yellow bitterness. ? The so-called evil bamboo refers to this kind.
⑷? Physiology? The original intention of sending poems is to tell yourself that you are poor and old, and I hope your friends will take care of you. Huang Ge always refers to Yanwu. During the Tang Dynasty, officials from two provinces (Zhongshu Province and Menxia Province) greeted each other. Ge Lao? . At this time, assistant minister Huangmen was the garrison capital Yin, so it was called it? Brother Huang is old? . Purple elixir, a burnt elixir. I'm afraid only the elixir of life can save my aging.
⑸? Three years? Two sentences affirmed the above. In July 762, Du Fu and Yanwu parted ways and drifted from Zizhou to Langzhou for three years. There is nothing but skin and bones. I heard what he said before, but now I know what he is doing, so I believe it. There is "hard to go" in the ancient Yuefu.
On the way to Chengdu Caotang, I had the background of seeing Gong Zheng off first:
In the first month of 764 AD, Du Fu's family went from Zizhou to Langzhou, ready to leave the gorge. In February, I heard that he was appointed as Chengdu Yin and Jian Nan. Meanwhile, Yan Wuxian received an invitation letter, so I decided to go back to Chengdu. These five poems were written by Du Fu on his way back to Chengdu from Langzhou.
On the way to Chengdu Caotang, I will give my works to Lord Yan Zheng for appreciation.
Fourth.
The first four sentences are about the poet's plan to tidy up the thatched cottage after returning to Chengdu, but they give people enlightening associations: bitter sand often collapses and damages the medicine bar, and it also falls from the river sill. ? Since I left the thatched cottage, I have been worried about the collapse of the sand embankment and the damage of the medicine column. Now I am afraid that I will fall into the rushing water with the river sill. Although this is the poet's natural experience of the thatched cottage environment after leaving Chengdu, it also reflects the poet's anxiety about the ups and downs of society. ? Song Xin don't hate thousands of feet, evil bamboo when chop. ? When the poet left the thatched cottage, he personally planted four small pine trees. About three feet tall? ("Four Pines"), the poet loves it very much and wants it to grow into a towering tree in thousands of feet; Even if there are 10 thousand poles, we should cut down the evil bamboo that invades vines everywhere. Poets love Song Xin, because it is handsome and upright, and does not change with time. Poets hate evil bamboo because it is born with chaos. What is the moral of these two sentences? Hate it? 、? Should be asked? Four words. Yang Lun said in the marginal note of Du Shi Jing Quan: These two sentences? Help the good guys and the bad guys? This is quite insightful In troubled times, the poet's talent is hard to be used by the society, and all kinds of ugly forces compete to perform, which deeply moves the poet. These two sentences are deeply intertwined with the poet's love and hate for the world. It is precisely because of its vivid, strong and appropriate feelings that it has been used to express love and hate for objective things for thousands of years.
Where are the last four sentences of this poem? Give it to Yan? About the meaning of the problem. ? Physiology only depends on brother Huang's later years, and he has to pay for the purple elixir. ? Physiology, namely livelihood. Huang Ge always refers to Yanwu. Officials from Zhongshu and Menxia provinces in the Tang Dynasty said? Ge Lao? Yanwu, whose name is Chengdu, is an assistant minister in Huangmen Town. An elixir of life, a burnt elixir of life. These two words mean that the poet's livelihood depends entirely on Yanwu's care, and his aging body can also be entrusted to the elixir of life. It is intended to emphasize that life is dependent and recuperation is conditional, which shows the poet's sincere trust and joy in his friends. In the last two sentences, the poet suddenly turned from longing to looking back on the past, which is quite painful: after three years of running around, I believe it is difficult for a human being to go on. ? The poet left Yanwu in July 762 (the first year of Baoying) and returned to the thatched cottage in 764 (the second year of Guangde), which lasted for three years. In the past three years, people are only skin and bones. The poet used to read it is hard to go, an ancient Yuefu poem. Only after that did he know that the world was difficult and life was bumpy. ? Is it difficult to go? Three words, meaning pun. One? Letter? Words, including the poet's infinite feelings after difficulties and hardships.
The whole poem describes the poet's joy of returning to the thatched cottage and his yearning for a better life. Love is sincere, charm is perfect, words are steady and symmetrical, and poetry is slightly graceful. The poet combines joy and emotion, and narrates expectation and review together, which shows the profound thoughts and feelings of this poem.
About the author:
Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Gong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province) in the Tang Dynasty. He was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty, known as Li Bai? Du Li? . To compete with two other poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu? Little Du Li? The difference is that Du Fu and Li Bai are also called together? Big Dooley? Du Fu is also often called? Lao Du? . Du Fu had a far-reaching influence on China's classical poetry and was called "Du Fu" by later generations. Poet saint? His poem is called. History of poetry? . Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was born in a generation? Be an official Confucian? Our family is very knowledgeable in family research. The early works mainly show the ideal, ambition and expected life path. On the other hand, show him? To the monarch Yao Shun, and then make the customs chun? Many works in this period reflected the sufferings of people's livelihood and political turmoil at that time, and exposed the ugly behavior of the rulers. Since then, they have embarked on a life and creative road of worrying about the country and the people. With the increasingly corrupt politics in the later period of Tang Xuanzong, his life became increasingly impoverished and disappointed. During his wandering life, Du Fu created such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. What does he have? To the monarch Yao Shun, and then make the customs chun? Grand ambition. Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. There are about 65,438+0,500 existing poems by Du Fu, most of which are collected in Du Gongbu Collection.
On the way to Chengdu Caotang, I will send you five poems by Gong Zheng, hoping to help you. If you like this article, you might as well share it with your friends. More ancient poems are in:!
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