The recorded history has been more than 2000 years.
At the end of Qin Dynasty and the beginning of Han Dynasty, Kashgar was the land of Shule (now Kashgar City, Shufu County, Shule County and Jiashi County), Puli (now Tashkurgan), shache, Ai Yin (now Yengisar), He Zi (now Yecheng) and Xiye (now south of shache).
At that time, these places were under the jurisdiction of Xiongnu servants and had business dealings with the Central Plains.
In BC 138 and BC 1 19, the Western Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions twice, which communicated the connection between Kashgar and the Central Plains.
In 60 BC, the Han Dynasty established the Western Regions Capital Protection House in Xinjiang, and Kashgar, as a part of the Western Regions, was formally incorporated into the territory of the motherland.
In 74 AD, Ban Chao, a famous Eastern Han Dynasty star, became the commander-in-chief of the Western Regions. This is the base camp, which has been stationed for 17 years.
After Emperor Taizong, it was an important military stronghold in the Tang Dynasty, and one of the four towns in Anxi at that time was Kashgar.
Here, the footprints of Tang Priest's scriptures are left.
From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of the Karahan Dynasty and the Western Liao Dynasty.
During the Karahan dynasty, Kashgar was once the capital.
The Yuan Dynasty was the fief of Prince Chagatai, the second son of Genghis Khan.
In the Ming Dynasty, Kashgar was one of the four major cities in the Western Region.
Until the opening of sea routes in the15th century, Kashgar, as the transportation hub of the "Silk Road", was always an international commercial port where Chinese and foreign businessmen gathered.
During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was the residence of Counsellor Kashgar of the Qing Dynasty. In the 10th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1884), Kashi Road was established, which governed Shule, shache, Yengisar Zhili Hall, Pulifenfang Hall and Hotan Zhili House.
During the Republic of China, the third (Kashgar) and tenth (shache) administrative regions were established here.
After the founding of New China, it was once the resident of the Party Committee and Administrative Office of Southern Xinjiang, Kashgar prefectural committee and administrative office. Later, shache District was merged into Kashgar Administrative Office.
Kashgar is the western gate of the motherland and has been a strategic military place since ancient times.
Bordering Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan and India, there are four ports open to the outside world, namely, Hongqilapu, Turgat, Jillger Shitan and Calassou.
With the opening of Korla-Kashgar section of 1999 South Xinjiang Railway, the opening of Kashgar Airport in 2004, and the navigation from Kashgar to Fort * * in Pakistan, Kashgar has ended its distant and closed history and become a bridgehead for China to enter Central Asia, West Asia, Europe and the west, with a more prominent strategic position.
Kashgar has great potential for developing various resources.
Light, heat, water and soil are advantaged.
The average annual surface runoff can reach11700 million cubic meters, and the dynamic reserve of groundwater can reach 5 billion cubic meters.
The arable land is 6 million mu, and the reserve arable land resources are150,000 mu, which has great potential for agricultural development.
There is plenty of sunshine here, the frost-free period is about 220 days, the annual effective accumulated temperature can reach 4200℃, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is very suitable for the growth of cash crops such as grain, cotton, melon and fruit.
Kashgar has a vast territory and complex terrain, and is rich in mineral resources, with more than 30 kinds of minerals such as gold, copper, aluminum, zinc, nickel, vanadium, titanium, crystal and mica.
Gypsum reserves rank first in China, and serpentine reserves rank third in China.
Oil, natural gas, jade and other mineral deposits are abundant.
Kashgar's ancient cultural landscape and unique natural landscape complement each other, and its tourism resources are very rich.
There are Apack Huojia Tomb (Princess Tomb), Aitiga Temple, Ban Chao Memorial Park, Yusuf Haggis Hageb Tomb, Yerqiang Khan Site, * * Kashgar Tomb, Gao Tai's Former Residence, Moerfo Pagoda, Weitouzhou City Site in Tang Dynasty, Stone City and other famous historical sites. It is a good place to pursue the historical and cultural changes in the western regions.
There are many natural landscapes and primitive scenery here, such as Georg Peak, the second highest peak in the world, Muztag Ata, known as the "father of icebergs", primitive Populus euphratica forest, and deserts, oases, glaciers, snow-capped mountains and virgin forests can all be enjoyed.
Kashgar and Beijing Zhongkun Group are jointly investing a huge sum of money to build a golden tourist route, so that the unique western customs can be presented to the world.
Since liberation, Kashgar has gone through a glorious course of more than 50 years, and has undergone earth-shaking changes like the whole country, showing a vibrant scene.
In 2003, the GDP reached 65.438+0.051billion yuan, the added value of the primary industry was 50. 1 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 6.5438+0.85 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 3.65 billion yuan. The local fiscal revenue is 524 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers is 1482 yuan.
Grain areas are balanced and self-sufficient.
With an annual output of 6 million tons, cotton is the largest regional commodity cotton base in China.
Apricot, walnut, pomegranate, almond, sour plum, pistachio and other high-quality dried and fresh fruits have formed a scale of 2.5 million mu, with an annual output of 500,000 tons of fruit, making it a famous "hometown of melons and fruits".
The advantages of animal husbandry in agricultural areas are obvious. The number of livestock raised is nearly130,000, accounting for about one-sixth of Xinjiang, and the annual meat output can reach more than 200,000 tons.
From scratch, industry has formed textile, coal, electric power, agricultural machinery, agricultural and sideline products processing, food processing, building materials, chemical industry, paper making, plastic processing and so on 10.
Infrastructure such as water conservancy, transportation and energy have been greatly improved, a three-dimensional transportation network of roads, railways and aviation has taken shape, and the city is changing with each passing day.
Social undertakings are thriving and science and technology education is developing rapidly. Various schools 1522.
There are 830,000 students in school, and the coverage rate of radio and television population reaches 95.4% and 94.1%respectively.
Sports is developing vigorously, and it is an advanced area of mass sports in China.
The medical and health undertakings have grown on the basis of almost nothing, and hospitals at all levels 2 15.
A mass cultural network at the prefecture, county and township levels has basically been formed.
The construction of socialist spiritual civilization with national unity as the main content has achieved fruitful results. National unity, military-civilian unity and military-civilian unity have been continuously strengthened, and good relations have been formed among all ethnic groups with one heart and one mind, sharing the same breath and common destiny. Ethnic separatists have been isolated and attacked, and the political situation of stability and unity has been continuously consolidated and developed.
In the new century and new stage, with the implementation of the strategy of developing the western region, the CPC Central Committee has made special strategic arrangements for the development and stability of Xinjiang, and has given inclination and support from all sides.
Kashgar, which accounts for one-sixth of Xinjiang's population and a quarter of its farmers, is facing an excellent development opportunity to see its economy take off.
According to the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way, Kashgar proposes to firmly grasp the key strategic opportunity period in the first two decades of this century, open up a large channel for entering the west and leaving the east, give full play to the regional advantages and cluster port advantages of neighboring countries, and speed up the construction of "two bases and one center" (commodity processing bases connecting the east and the west, commodity distribution bases for selling from the west to the east and business tourism shopping centers). After long-term unremitting efforts, Kashgar has been built into the core area of the Central Asian economic circle.
By 2020, we will strive to quadruple the gross domestic product compared with 2000, and strive for an average annual economic growth of 12% in the first decade.
The first step is that by 2007, the GDP of the whole region will reach 654.38+067 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 654.38+02%, double that of 2000.
Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 6.3 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 6%; The added value of the secondary industry is 4 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 20%; The added value of tertiary industry is 6.4 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of15%; Local fiscal revenue reached 800 million yuan; The per capita income of farmers reached more than 2,000 yuan, and the improvement of people's lives was even more remarkable.
The ambitious goal is inspiring.
In order to achieve the established goal, our district has determined the development policy of strengthening the primary production, adjusting the secondary production and accelerating the tertiary production, put forward the idea of planning agricultural development with industry, vigorously promote the strategic adjustment of rural economic structure, adhere to the six industries of grain, cotton, animal husbandry, forestry and fruit industry, facility agriculture and the transfer of surplus labor force, vigorously develop agricultural industrialization, and realize rural urbanization and farmers' citizenization.
Vigorously promote the process of industrialization, focusing on the development of electric power, cotton spinning, characteristic agricultural and sideline products processing, building materials, minerals, light industry and assembly industries such as clothing, small household appliances and daily necessities for neighboring countries, and strive to realize the transformation from agriculture to industry. Give full play to the concerted efforts of the whole region to promote the regional economic rise of "one city and two counties" in Kashgar, Shule and Shufu counties.
Accelerate the construction of light industry, clothing, textile industrial parks, energy materials industrial parks, petrochemical industrial parks, tourism and cultural products development parks, agricultural products processing and high-tech development parks, and build a large Kashgar city circle with a population of 5,000 square kilometers and 6,543.8+2,000, giving play to the radiation-driven role of the region's economy; By introducing large enterprise groups, it can promote the formation of a large economic, trade and tourism pattern, promote the rapid development of the tertiary industry, and make Kashgar an important force to promote the economic development of the western part of southern Xinjiang.
Ten thousand years is too long, seize the day. In the future journey, the people of all ethnic groups in Kashgar will further strengthen unity, seize the opportunity, speed up development, maintain stability, create a prosperous, stable, prosperous and civilized new Kashgar, and let this western pearl shine again!
Kashgar is a treasure to be developed, which contains unlimited business opportunities. We will create an excellent development environment and provide preferential policies in all aspects, and warmly welcome people of insight to invest here.
We believe that the publication of "The Grand Ceremony of the Development of Cities and Counties in People's Republic of China (PRC) Province-Kashgar Chapter" with comprehensive contents and informative materials will definitely have a positive impact on Kashgar's eastward expansion and westward advancement, and play a role in letting the world know Kashgar and let Kashgar go to the world.