First, strengthen the emotional education of ancient literary works to college students and improve their moral quality.
Moral education is the foundation of educating people. Ancient literary works are vivid in content and strong in emotion, which also contains rich humanistic feelings. The advantage of using the teaching of ancient literary works to educate students' emotions is very obvious, because excellent literary works are themselves "symbolic forms of emotions, and artists have mastered the ability to create artistic symbolic forms, turning intangible inner feelings into things that people can perceive and watch". Therefore, in the teaching process of selected reading of ancient literary works, teachers should pay attention to emotional education and pass on the excellent cultural traditions of the Chinese nation to college students, so as to enhance their inherent humanistic quality.
1. patriotic emotion education
Excellent ancient literary works contain rich patriotic feelings and national feelings, which plays a very important role in cultivating college students' good patriotic spirit. Scholars in China all sang touching patriotic feelings with full patriotic enthusiasm, from Qu Yuan's "though he died nine times, he still had no regrets" to Cao Zhi's "faithfully serving the country and benefiting the people"; From Chen Ziang's "sense of time to serve the country, draw the sword and start Artemisia" to Du Fu's "Although the country is broken, the mountains and rivers will last forever; Trees and grass turn green again in spring. Petals flow like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness "; From Fan Zhongyan's "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world" to Gu's "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world"; From Lu You's "The enemy of the country has not reported a strong man, and the sword in the box is heard at night" to Wen Tianxiang's "Who has never died since ancient times, keep the heart of Dan and follow the history". These lofty sentiments and profound patriotic feelings and spirit of sacrificing personal interests for the country and the nation can infect the hearts of college students, cultivate their sentiments and arouse national self-confidence and pride. The patriotic spirit of literati and the artistic image created by their works sing the literary theme of defending national dignity and upholding national integrity in Chinese national culture. Therefore, when explaining ancient literary works, teachers should consciously and deeply explain patriotism and patriotism in literary works, and cultivate students' patriotism and patriotism in a targeted manner.
2. Moral quality education
China's ancient literary works contain the excellent qualities of the Chinese nation. Mencius' moral spirit of "sacrificing oneself for righteousness"; Confucius' benevolent spirit of "people put filial piety first, show filial piety first, take faith as the letter, love the public and be kind to others"; The Book of Rites says: "Honest people always keep things, while dishonest people have nothing. It is the spirit of honesty that makes a gentleman sincere; The beautiful love concept of "May all beings in the world be well-connected" in Peony Pavilion; Autumn Festival in Duan Taiwei's anecdote: Zhang Zhongcheng and Nan Jiyun's spirit in Zhang Zhongcheng's Biography: the affection embodied by Tao Yuanming's "landing as a brother, why should the flesh and blood be relatives"; The friendship embodied in Li Bai's "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, but not as good as Wang Lun" ... Numerous fine traditions are embodied in China's ancient literary works. The virtues of respecting the old and caring for the young, helping others, selfless dedication, being kind to others, caring for others, sincerity and kindness, integrity and selflessness, tolerance and generosity are the profound cultural foundation for cultivating college students' good moral quality today and the emotional resources for our moral quality education.
Two, strengthen the construction of ancient literature teachers.
First of all, a teacher who chooses excellent ancient literary works should have good professional ethics. Establish national belief and enhance national pride, so as to accurately convey the excellent part of national spirit in ancient literary works to students. In addition, there are some differences between ancient literary works and modern spirit, not only in language and form, but also in thought. This requires teachers to devote themselves wholeheartedly, deeply understand the works, and guide them in class, so that students can absorb and understand the essence of ancient literary works.
Teachers who choose the course of ancient literary works should study both inside and outside, and constantly improve their knowledge, morality and temperament. German educator Dostoevsky said: "Only when teachers devote themselves to their own education and upbringing can they really cultivate and educate others." In teaching activities, teachers' knowledge level directly affects the teaching quality. Teachers can't relax the promotion of their education and upbringing for a moment. We should have a solid grasp of our professional knowledge and be familiar with writers and literary works of different dynasties and generations. At the same time, we should keep abreast of the new trends and achievements of this discipline and update our views and opinions in time.
Because the course Selected Reading of Ancient Literary Works is very emotional, it also requires teachers to express their feelings in the teaching process. Teachers should first have feelings in their hearts, first touching themselves and then touching students. Teachers of Selected Lectures on Ancient Literary Works should have a strong love for the nation, the motherland, the people, traditional culture and ancient literature, and integrate this love into teaching activities to avoid boring knowledge introduction, but convey their feelings of joy, anger and helplessness about the works, thus infecting students. In addition, the teachers of Selected Reading of Ancient Literary Works should learn some reading skills such as poetry and prose, and use their emotional reading to impress and attract students.
Third, fully improve the teaching link of course selection of ancient literary works.
Being good at guiding and advocating "discovery learning" is advocated by American educational psychologist Bruner. He emphasized that teaching should not be an explanation, students should not be in a passive state of accepting knowledge, but should be allowed to "arrange things in person and make themselves discoverers", and stressed that "discovery is not limited to seeking things that human beings have not yet known, to be exact, it includes all methods of acquiring knowledge with their own minds". In other words, knowledge acquired by students in this way, even if it is already known by human beings, is a kind of "discovery" for students as long as it is obtained by their own strength. This teaching method has several important steps: putting forward questions that students are interested in, putting forward various assumptions to solve the problems, guiding students' thinking direction-assisting students to collect and sort out available relevant materials-organizing students to analyze materials, making abstract generalizations and drawing conclusions from them-guiding students to prove the correctness of conclusions logically and practically, and making necessary supplements and improvements. This learning method is more suitable for college students. Quality education in colleges and universities should take teachers as the leading factor, students as the main body, and teaching materials as the auxiliary means, so that teachers have the opportunity to give full play to their research expertise and highlight the cultivation of students' academic research ability, research interest and research methods.
Fourth, adjust the teaching methods of ancient literary works.
The traditional teaching methods of selecting courses for ancient literary works are all instilled by teachers and memorized by students. We can't completely deny this method, but if we still adopt this lifeless teaching method in the new period, the teaching effect can be imagined. Therefore, we should combine the new situation in the new period and seek innovation and change in teaching methods according to the characteristics of contemporary college students.
1. Multimedia teaching
We can use multimedia equipment to introduce hearing into the teaching of selective reading of ancient literary works. Like talking about the Book of Songs? Qin Feng? Jia Jian can play Teresa Teng's song "On the Water Side" to give students a perfect audio-visual experience; To talk about Li Bai's poems, we can find some older artists such as Qiao Zhen and Ding Jianhua's recitation audio, so that students can deeply understand the contents of poems in passionate recitation; When talking about Du Danting, students can play the video of the youth version of the Kunqu Opera "Peony Pavilion", so that students can not only feel the true feelings of Du Liniang's "live or die, but also feel the beautiful tune of Kunqu Opera. These methods can achieve good teaching results.
2. Comparative teaching
We can also link ancient literature with other disciplines, and use comparative teaching to deepen college students' understanding of China's ancient literary works. For example, we can combine modern and contemporary literary works with ancient literary works, so that students can clearly understand the inheritance and transformation of China literature. In addition, if we compare ancient literary works with foreign literary works to teach, students can realize the uniqueness and literary charm of our national traditional culture.
Step 3 try teaching
When teaching ancient literature, we should also pay attention to strengthening students' practical ability. After all, it is better to teach students some knowledge than to teach them learning methods. Therefore, we should pay attention to cultivating students' ability, that is, strengthening their hands-on ability and brain ability.