A: Self-study examination is one of the basic systems of higher education in China, an important part of higher education at this stage, and a national examination system for higher education based on academic qualifications. It is a form of higher education that combines individual self-study, social assistance and national examination. After systematic study, graduates who have passed graduation thesis defense and degree English examination can apply for awarding bachelor's degrees and taking postgraduate examinations, and can continue to study for master's degrees and doctoral degrees, with the same treatment as those who take the national college entrance examination.

Self-study examination for higher education is a national examination system based on academic qualification examination, which is established by the state according to the stipulation of "encouraging self-study" in the Constitution to promote on-the-job professional education and continuing education after secondary schools and universities. It consists of three parts: individual self-study, social assistance and national examination, in which individual self-study is the basis, social assistance is the supplement and national examination is the leading factor. It combines extensive individual self-study with social assistance and strict national examination to cultivate and bring up all kinds of talents necessary for economic construction and social development.

The Higher Education Law clearly stipulates that the higher education self-study exam is an important part of China's higher education system and one of the basic systems of higher education, which has an irreplaceable position and role. After more than ten years of development, the higher education self-study examination has developed from a single college diploma examination to a multi-level, multi-type, multi-specification and multi-functional education examination system.

The self-study examination system of higher education is a socialized examination system and educational form, and it is a "university without walls" open to the whole society. Compared with other forms of education, it has the greatest openness. There is no need for entrance examination, regardless of age, region or original education level. As long as self-learners have a certain cultural level, they can conduct self-study according to the courses specified in the professional examination plan, take the national examination on the basis of self-study, and then apply for another subject after completing one subject. After all of them have achieved qualified results and passed the ideological and moral appraisal, the state will issue junior college or undergraduate diploma.

Second, what are the advantages of self-study compared with unified recruitment?

A: Zhao, director of the Higher Education Self-taught Examination Office of the Ministry of Education, introduced the basic situation of the 2004 National Self-taught Examination at the recent publicity meeting of the National Higher Education Self-taught Examination. He said that the development of self-study exams in previous years showed four characteristics:

First, the scale of self-taught academic education has risen steadily, and the scale of non-academic education has developed rapidly. In 2004, a total of12.35 million people participated in the academic education part of the national self-study examination, which was higher than that of1/0.56 million in 2003, with an increase of about 7%. The provinces and cities where the number of applicants has increased are Tianjin, Jiangsu, Hebei and Jiangxi. The scale of non-academic certificate examinations nationwide has reached more than 4 million person-times, of which NCRE increased by 27% and PETS increased by 5 1%.

Second, the continuing education nature of the self-taught examination is outstanding, and on-the-job candidates and rural candidates become the main body of students. From the analysis of the composition of candidates, the number of candidates with college education or above continues to expand, totaling 6.42 million, accounting for 52% of the total number of candidates; On-the-job personnel and rural candidates have become the main students of the self-study exam, among which on-the-job personnel account for more than 60% of the total number of candidates, indicating that the society has a huge demand for continuing learning, and the characteristics of flexible and open self-study exams meet the needs of society.

Third, there is a strong demand for undergraduate education, while specialist education has declined slightly. In 2004, there were four academic education examinations, among which 6.83 million undergraduates took the examinations, which was 20% higher than that of 5.7 million in 2003, and maintained a vigorous growth momentum. The number of junior college students was 5.52 million, slightly lower than that of 5.86 million in 2003, which was basically consistent with the composition of candidates.

Fourth, the specialty setting is more targeted, developing in the direction of multi-variety and small scale. In 2004, nine national unified examination plans were issued, the most since 200 1. A total of 398 professional examination plans submitted by 25 provinces were accepted, including 247 undergraduate majors, accounting for 62. 1%. In the reported professional examination plan, there are 32 new majors/kloc-0, accounting for 33.2%.

Generally speaking, the characteristics of self-taught examination are: low tuition, separation of teaching and examination, high quality of graduates, wide entrance and strict exit, strong social adaptability of courses, completion of single subject, unlimited number of make-up examinations, graduation from qualified subjects and issuance of graduation certificates. It is an open and flexible higher education, and the diploma contains a lot of gold.

3. Are self-taught candidates recognized by the society now?

A: After graduation, candidates can take the national civil servants, graduate students and master students. Many holders of self-taught higher education examinations have also been employed by international companies such as Microsoft, which can be used as academic certificates for studying abroad. Twenty-three countries in the world, including Britain, the United States, France, Australia, Canada and the Netherlands, have recognized China's self-taught academic qualifications, that is, mutual recognition of academic qualifications and mutual recognition of credits. Among them, at the University of Nevada, the University of Houston and the University of Los Angeles; University of Manchester, University College London; Internationally renowned universities, such as the University of Sydney, Australia, allow students with self-taught graduation certificates or self-taught single-subject certificates to study or pursue degrees, and even allow them to avoid or reduce certain courses. It can be seen that the social credit value and recognition of China's higher education self-study examination qualifications are superior to other qualifications. Moreover, the recognition of self-taught graduates at home and abroad is getting higher and higher.

4. Do students need to transfer their registered permanent residence to files?

A: With the reform of the national household registration system, the full opening of household registration will no longer be a condition for restricting the flow of talents. Self-taught candidates can directly settle in the workplace with their college or undergraduate diplomas, and students will not move to registered permanent residence when they enter school.

When students enter school, the files of the original school are not transferred. When they arrive at school, they usually re-establish electronic files. After graduation, transfer the archives of the former high school and university to the talent exchange center where you work, and settle down directly at your work place.