China opera is the essence of China culture and art, and an important part of national traditional culture and music quality education. Looking at the current music teaching in colleges and universities in China, there is a single situation in singing music teaching. Students' enthusiasm for pop songs has reached the point of obsession, but they know little about our traditional art forms such as opera and Quyi. Due to the influence of market economy, social concepts and other factors, most college art students are not interested in opera, ignoring the study of opera knowledge and the infiltration of opera music, and can not give full play to the influence of opera art and integrate opera into campus culture. Therefore, from the height of national consciousness, the Ministry of Education advocates that traditional national arts such as opera should be introduced into music classes, which is not only a brand-new attempt to inherit and carry forward China's outstanding national cultural heritage, but also an important measure to play the educational function of traditional opera art and improve the overall quality of the nation. Improving students' understanding of the art of traditional Chinese opera in colleges and universities can not only enrich students' knowledge of traditional Chinese opera, broaden their horizons, cultivate their sentiment, inspire their national spirit and improve their artistic quality, but also cultivate their national pride and pride, which is an indispensable part of art education in colleges and universities.
First, the significance of introducing opera into art classes in colleges and universities: 1. Opera art education is an important channel to inspire the national spirit.
Traditional Chinese opera is a traditional form of drama, a fusion of China's national culture, the crystallization of countless artists' continuous innovation and accumulation, and a profound artistic system. China's traditional opera art is a combination of performance and singing, which uses various artistic means to publicly perform stories on the stage. It combines various artistic elements and is unique in the world art world. The outstanding characteristics of traditional Chinese opera are singing, reading, doing and playing, among which there are certain rules and requirements for quality education in tone sandhi and articulation. Its hands, eyes, body, methods and steps must undergo special and strict training, the rhyme of chanting should be musical, and martial arts should be neat, safe, accurate and agile. The program requirements of its means of expression are more stringent. Singing, reciting, doing, playing and music accompaniment have certain formats, as well as clothing, makeup, scenery and props. Opera is a comprehensive art, which combines literature, music, dance, art and other artistic categories. The development history of China opera culture also reflects the development process of China national art culture. Therefore, the introduction of opera art into art education in colleges and universities can not only enhance students' understanding of traditional folk art, but also promote their enthusiasm for learning traditional Chinese art and culture.
2. Opera art education is the need to inherit and carry forward national traditional culture.
At present, most college students in China like pop songs, rock music and other things that are far superior to traditional opera art, but they lack understanding of the operas, representative figures and Chinese opera creators that have been circulating for thousands of years. With the progress of society, people gradually realize the importance of inheriting national traditional art. In order to revitalize this traditional art form with a long history and deeply affect the psychology of the Chinese nation and spread excellent traditional culture among young students, the Ministry of Education has also issued many relevant policies. For example, the Ministry of Education stipulates in the Guiding Outline of Public Art Courses in National Colleges and Universities that "Opera Appreciation" is a compulsory course in colleges and universities, which requires colleges and universities to provide conditions for opera to enter the campus, encourage college and middle school students to appreciate excellent opera works, and have close contact and exchanges with excellent opera artists.
Traditional Chinese opera is one of the manifestations of traditional culture in China. It is not only the perfect embodiment of the cultural spirit of the Chinese nation, but also a beautiful business card of ancient oriental civilization. Its excellent plays contain the aesthetics, morality and values of China people. Through the education of opera art, students can understand and master the characteristics and laws of opera art, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, carry forward and let more students know that China is an ancient civilization with profound cultural heritage. Among these heritages, traditional Chinese opera is an important art form with unique characteristics. Let the students know that there are amazing performances, enduring vocals and popular folklore. These will certainly arouse students' interest in China opera culture and stimulate their national self-confidence and pride.
3. Opera art education is an important way to improve students' appreciation ability and performance ability.
Opera is a comprehensive art, which combines literature, music, dance, art and other artistic categories. The development history of China opera culture also reflects the development process of China national art culture. Therefore, the introduction of opera art into art education in colleges and universities can not only enhance students' understanding of traditional folk art, but also promote their enthusiasm for learning traditional Chinese art and culture. Singing, reading, doing and playing are all available; Hands, eyes, body, methods and steps must undergo strict training; There are certain rules for shaking your hair, patting your beard, lifting your sleeves and walking on stage. By studying the art of traditional Chinese opera, college students can immerse themselves in the art of traditional Chinese opera and constantly improve their art appreciation ability. Those popular songs and long-sung arias not only bring students into a beautiful realm, but also enrich and improve their artistic appreciation ability, broaden their horizons and cultivate their sentiments under the guidance of teachers.
4. Opera art education is the embodiment of patriotism.
In the teaching of traditional Chinese opera, there are revolutionary tradition education and patriotism education. Quality education in modern operas, such as Yang Zirong and Guo Jian.
The typical revolutionary images such as Guang and Wei, through students' learning and singing, have aroused their fighting spirit and patriotic enthusiasm of college students. This subtle patriotic education effect is irreplaceable by ordinary political lessons. In addition, traditional operas also have the function of moral education, such as The Tattoo of Mother-in-law, Mu's commanding, The Shepherd of Su Wu, The Red Lantern, etc. They are all patriotic dramas praising national heroes, patriotic generals and people with lofty ideals. Plays that embody the spirit of justice, punishing evil and promoting good, and sacrificing oneself for others include Beijing opera "Chisang Town", "The Orphan of Zhao" and "The Case of My Beauty". Dramas adapted from historical masterpieces and stories, such as The Second Palace, Farewell My Concubine and Dragon Robe, have profound ideological connotations. These traditional operas enrich art education, broaden students' horizons, and promote the improvement of students' art appreciation ability and aesthetic power. Therefore, the popularization and promotion of opera art in music classes not only inherits the excellent tradition of the Chinese nation, but also plays a positive role in promoting the all-round development of college students.
Second, the implementation of opera art education in colleges and universities
When introducing traditional Chinese opera art into art classes in colleges and universities, we should pay attention to practical operation in order to achieve the purpose of inheriting and carrying forward national traditional art. Based on years of educational experience, I would like to make the following suggestions:
1. Strengthen the training of opera teachers. In order to promote quality education in an all-round way, it is particularly critical to train qualified drama teachers. In addition to training teachers to sing, read, do, play and other artistic programs, we should also enrich the theoretical knowledge of traditional Chinese opera and improve teachers' own artistic quality. A qualified drama teacher can not only teach the course of history, but also understand all aspects of drama practice, guide students to practice amateur drama, make the talents trained in art education in colleges and universities have distinctive characteristics of the times, adapt to various realistic needs of society, reform traditional education methods, continuously improve the understanding of the importance of drama in art education in colleges and universities, improve the status and role of drama in art education, and cultivate high-quality qualified talents for the country.
2. Learning opera art should be gradual. In the practical process of opera art education, the first thing is to understand and appreciate the knowledge of opera. Teachers introduce students to opera appreciation from the basic knowledge of the formation, development, classic plays, characters and famous performing artists. Focus on appreciating the representative vocals and performances of famous artists, and then develop to analyze and appreciate the artistic style, expression form, content theme and typical figures of traditional Chinese opera. While appreciating, we should combine learning to sing and doing. In addition, audio-visual media such as video, recording and projection can be used to guide students to enter the threshold of appreciating opera art, stimulate interest and arouse their enthusiasm for learning.
When entering a higher level of study, students' appreciation ability will be sublimated. Teachers can choose some plays that are easy to learn, easy to sing and easy to do according to students' different characteristics and preferences, so that they can step into learning different roles and characters step by step. Students can also get close contact with the performing arts of Chinese opera by watching the performance and visiting the preparatory work before the performance, so that students can deeply understand the true meaning of Chinese opera and improve their deductive ability.
3. The teaching method of traditional Chinese opera art should be flexible. In the design of teaching methods, teachers should pay attention to the interaction of artistic activities and create an artistic atmosphere in the classroom. For example, when designing Peking Opera masks, students should be given multiple masks to "find partners". For example, Zhang Fei and Xiang Yu, two bad faces, formed a pair of quality education, and Huang Gai and Jing Ke, two red faces, and Cao Cao and Sima Yi, two white faces, got together, thus introducing the relationship between the color of Peking Opera masks and the character characteristics. With the help of the interaction of artistic activities, students actively participate in judgment and analysis, exercise classmates' cooperation, and gain humanistic qualities such as mutual care, respect and friendliness. In addition, when designing teaching methods, teachers should also emphasize the individualization of art learning. In the process of teaching practice, teachers should give students the freedom to create imagination, create conditions for them to participate in experience, actively explore and practice, encourage them to carry out personalized artistic activities, help students understand their uniqueness and value, and form personalized aesthetic taste.
Drama education and moral education should be carried out at the same time. When students appreciate traditional Chinese opera, teachers should pay attention to the introduction of plot characters and infiltrate ideological education to arouse students' love for the positive characters in the drama. For example, before enjoying the opera, the teacher should first explain the background of the opera, the plot and the personality characteristics of the characters in the opera, so that students can remember the heroes and deeds in the opera, arouse their inner resonance and cultivate their noble moral quality.
The curriculum nature of art curriculum points out that "art curriculum will naturally integrate all the classic cultural and artistic heritages of ancient and modern China and foreign countries into classroom teaching and become cultural nutrients for students' growth." "Exposure to classic art is conducive to cultivating students' healthy and noble artistic taste and making them realize the value of art in the history of human development and in different countries and national cultural environments. "China's opera art is a classic cultural and artistic heritage. In the activity of "introducing traditional opera art into art classes in colleges and universities", the education authorities have also formulated specific reform measures, vigorously promoting opera art in colleges and universities, making opera art classes a compulsory course, making opera the main study subject of art education in colleges and universities, giving full play to the advantages of opera art education and supporting the overall development of art education in colleges and universities. When more and more teenagers sincerely love them from the depths of their feelings and realize the importance and necessity of carrying forward excellent national culture, opera can get rid of its predicament and carry forward the art of opera can become a reality.