(A) the main theory about the relationship between education and society-1. On Educational Independence: 1922, Cai Yuanpei published "On Educational Independence" in "New Education" and put forward 2. On Educational Practice (helvetius) 3. Schulz: Human capital refers to knowledge, skills and their significance to workers. It is a form of human capital. This theory attaches importance to the role of education, and holds that education investment is the core of human capital and a productive investment that can bring huge profits. 4. The screening hypothesis theory (Berg, Stiglitz) holds that education is a tool to express one's ability, which reveals one's future production characteristics, shows one's internal productivity, provides a basis for employers to identify and select job seekers with different abilities, and plays a screening role. It illustrates the economic value of education by analyzing the process of employers choosing job seekers in the labor market. 5. Labor market theory: It includes dual labor market theory (Pirio, doringer and Gordon), human capital model and job competition model. Education is one of the main reasons that determine which labor market workers work in.

(2) Social constraints of education-1. The influence and restriction of productive forces on education: ① determining the scale and speed of education development; (2) determine the educational structure and personnel training specifications; ③ Promote the reform and development of teaching contents, methods and organizational forms. The influence and restriction of political and economic system on education: ① determining the leadership of education; (2) determine the right to education; ③ The political system determines the nature of educational purpose and the content of ideological and moral education; ③ Influence and restriction of culture on education: ① Influence on educational purpose; ② The influence on school education is mainly reflected in the educational content; ③ The influence on teaching methods, teaching organization forms and teacher-student relationship also has certain influence. 4. The influence and restriction of science and technology on education: ① Influence educators' educational concept and improve their educational ability; (2) affect the educated; ③ It will permeate all aspects of educational influence and provide all necessary ideological elements and technical conditions for the renewal and development of educational means; 5. Population influences and restricts education: ① Population determines the scale, structure and quality of education; ② Population quality affects the quality of education; ③ Population structure (including natural structure and social structure).

(c) The social function of education-1. The economic function of education: education is an important means to realize labor reproduction, improve the productivity of workers, and promote economic development and national income growth. Through the creation of humanistic environment and the cultivation of humanistic spirit, it provides a moral and cultural foundation for economic activities. 2. The political function of education: education can not only cultivate talents needed by social, political and economic systems, but also promote the process of political democratization, which is reflected in ① education can spread the truth. Enlighten people's democratic consciousness ② Education democratization is an important part of political democratization ③ Democratic education is the accelerator of political democratization. The cultural function of education: ① the cultural transmission and preservation function of education; ② the cultural selection and criticism function of education; ③ the cultural exchange and integration function of education; ④ the cultural renewal and creation function of education; 4. The scientific and technological function of education: education is an important means of scientific and cultural reproduction, and education is an important means of promoting scientific revolution and development. And it can directly produce technology. 5. Population function of education: ① Education can change people's concept of fertility and have obvious influence on controlling the birth rate; ② Education level is positively correlated with population migration.

(D) Modernization and educational reform-Educational modernization refers to the educational modernization based on educational tradition, actively absorbing foreign excellent educational research achievements and adapting to large-scale industrial production and socialized life. The core of modernization is human modernization, including material modernization, system modernization and concept modernization.

(V) Globalization and educational reform-Globalization refers to the process in which people have constantly crossed the system, culture and other space barriers and social barriers, reached a consensus, formulated a multi-faceted common program and taken joint actions in modern times. Its remarkable feature is the increasing cooperation and openness among countries. Under the trend of globalization, China's education should adopt the following countermeasures: ① correctly grasp the relationship between globalization and localization, and consolidate the orientation of communication and development; ② Recognize the opportunities brought by globalization and consciously resist the risks of globalization; ③ Education to broaden horizons and enhance global awareness and international understanding; ④ Strengthening moral education; ⑤ Reform the talent training mode (training innovative talents).

(VI) Knowledge economy and education reform-Knowledge economy is the abbreviation of knowledge economy. It directly depends on the creation, dissemination and application of knowledge. It is an economy centered on modern science and technology and based on the production, processing, storage and use of knowledge and information. Its labor subject is knowledgeable people who adapt to the times, and its internal motivation is to enhance creativity in the field of knowledge and technology. Value orientation is to advocate competency-based education, which is an important part of knowledge economy. Knowledge economy needs a large number of knowledge workers, and it is the basic requirement of knowledge economy to cultivate workers with high humanistic quality and scientific literacy.

(VII) Information Society and Educational Reform-The information society is a society where information plays a major role after leaving the industrialized society. It has changed the way of education and learning, promoted the development of educational science and facilitated educational management.

(VIII) Multiculturalism and educational reform-Multiculturalism refers to various cultures that coexist and have certain connections in a collective group, social community and regional consortium. Its core principle is that all cultures should be respected, and the diversity and differences of cultures should be recognized and tolerated. The influence of multiculturalism on education is reflected in the following aspects: ① It promotes the change of educational concepts and ways of thinking, and is conducive to the establishment of equality, acceptance and tolerance attitudes and values; ② It is helpful to develop education democracy and promote education equity.

For more information, please click: 20 15 PubMed: Summary of Knowledge Points of Pedagogy Principles.

If you have questions about the postgraduate entrance examination, don't know how to summarize the contents of the postgraduate entrance examination center, and don't know the local policies for postgraduate entrance examination registration, click on the bottom to consult official website and get the review materials for free: /xl/