Learn from Mr. Ye Shengtao to Teach Chinese —— Thoughts on Reading Ye Shengtao's Essays on Chinese Education
As a leading figure in Chinese education, Mr. Ye Shengtao's Chinese education thought has stood the test of more than half a century and lasted for a long time. Every time I look at them, I realize that Chinese education needs art, and teachers need to constantly examine their teaching ideas and teaching behaviors. Next, I will read the contents of "Chinese learning methods in middle schools" and "learning Chinese seriously" in the book, and talk about my simple thinking and gains.
First, "Chinese learning method in middle school"
There are two goals in learning Chinese: to cultivate reading ability and writing ability. To cultivate ability, we must persist in doing, improve doing and improve efficiency in order to succeed. Therefore, when learning Chinese, we must read more and write more, and we must always ask for careful reading and proper writing.
1. Identify the target
Teacher Ye Shengtao said that classroom reading is to cultivate reading ability. You need to read other books, newspapers and magazines to make your reading ability stronger and stronger. In-class writing teachers also need to write, keep a diary, write letters and take notes at any time to make students' writing ability stronger and stronger in order to really benefit.
Teacher Ye Shengtao expounded the reading ability and writing ability of high school graduates. I think the requirements are relatively high, and the difficulty in reading is to read classical Chinese like essays written by Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi selected in textbooks. Can adapt to the needs, check the Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Historical Records, Zi Zhi Tong Jian and other books; You can also look up reference books such as Mandarin Dictionary, Ciyuan and Cihai. The so-called "ability" requires that you must know your home and experience it thoroughly. It is more difficult to make a ten-minute speech and write classical Chinese similar to that used in modern society. Speech is written with the mouth, while writing is a speech with a pen.
rely on one's own effort
Reading is your own business. Only by our own efforts can we form good habits and cultivate our real abilities. The preparations that should be made are as follows: ① Pay attention to what others say. Listen attentively, listen clearly, don't get me wrong, what others say has advantages, what are the advantages? What others say has shortcomings. What's the matter? (2) Pay attention to the dictionary. First, look at the context of the word in reading, look up the dictionary's explanation of the word, then put together the example sentences, compare the word to be looked up with the known similar words, and find out the difference between them. (3) Pay attention to the dictionary. A dictionary is like a key. Check at any time, the scope of reading will be expanded, and the habit of reading reference books will be formed. (4) pay attention to reference books.
Teacher Yu Yingchao once said that accumulation is the first choice to promote and develop oneself. At the same time, accumulation is a good habit that is beneficial to a person's life development. The more you save, the better your reading ability. Reading is not only for middle school students, but also after school. Reading for a lifetime is actually saving for a lifetime and making progress for a lifetime.
Step 3 read the highlights
Mr. Ye Shengtao said that reading needs to keep a happy mood to "read". As for the method of reading, we should first cut off a word in a sentence and read the relationship between them in a logical way. Read the relationship between each sentence and paragraph according to their meaning. It's a good idea to stop and think about what this section is about after reading it. Read two paragraphs and three paragraphs, and then connect the two paragraphs and three paragraphs to recall. This method can keep your mind clear and easy to remember.
In addition to reading it several times, you need to mark or draw pencil lines or make other symbols when reading, and then summarize the gist according to these symbols, so that you can sort out the epigrams in the text and find out the parts worth pondering over again. It is better to "read the beauty" of the narrative. The so-called beautiful reading is to convey the author's feelings when reading. Against one's will is to put yourself in a situation, sink into the text and chew back and forth in the text.
To learn classical Chinese, you must be familiar with several articles. With the accumulation of quantity, there is a qualitative improvement. Reading is not a random and aimless reading, nor an idle pastime, so as to expand one's knowledge, increase one's experience and enhance one's ability. For example, when reading literary and artistic works, there is always an outlook on life and society, which has a great relationship with our existence in the world.
4. Writing instructions and writing points
Mr. Ye Shengtao said that writing is like talking, and it must be regarded as a common thing. Writing is by no means out of thin air. You must start writing only when you are meaningful and only when you need it. It's boring and unnecessary, just try to find something to write, which will form bad writing habits.
First of all, writing needs a center, which is more correct and cleaner than speaking, with the aim of writing decently, remembering clearly and speaking clearly; No grammatical problems; There is no problem in theory; This is decent.
Teacher Ye Shengtao said that to practice writing, we should start with the narrative, and the materials of the narrative are ready-made, as long as we make efforts to arrange the choices. Practical writing needs more practice to make progress. Keeping a diary is like taking part in a moral long-distance race. If you can write every day, your writing ability will definitely improve.
Second, "study Chinese seriously"
We all know that learning Chinese and learning Chinese well are very important. Reading and writing are like eating and absorbing nutrients every day. Reading is absorbing spiritual nutrients. Writing is expression, take out what's in your mind and let others know. One is from outside to inside, and the other is from inside to outside. No matter what job you do, these two things are always needed. Poor reading and writing will not only affect individuals, but also affect society.
1. Have a correct understanding of learning Chinese.
Mr. Ye Shengtao pointed out that Chinese is a tool, and we should treat Chinese correctly from two aspects: expressing ideas and expressing tools. He criticized two phenomena: first, he regarded Chinese as a small skill and thought that the ideological content was good, but it didn't matter whether the Chinese was good or not; Second, it is divorced from reality, and only works hard on words and sentences.
Learning Chinese is to "apply what you have learned". I read more thoroughly and write more fluently than before, which is beneficial to my work. At any time, we should avoid building a building of ideas out of thin air without language or words, or concentrating on language and words and being divorced from reality.
Looking back and reflecting on my years of Chinese learning, the teacher asked us to memorize good words, sentences and compositions in primary school, and often guided us in junior high school. If you want to learn Chinese well, you should focus on accumulating beautiful sentences and paragraphs. As long as we accumulate and master its function, our Chinese literacy will naturally improve and our achievements will naturally follow. Now that I think about it, this approach lacks a comprehensive and correct understanding of Chinese learning. Chinese learning not only improves personal accomplishment, but also contributes to good moral accomplishment.
2. Chinese learning cannot be accelerated.
Many times people will ask: Is there a quick way to learn Chinese well? Is there any clever way to learn composition quickly? According to Mr. Ye Shengtao, "It is impossible to draw a symbol, just swallow it." He also said that those who read fast, write fast and write well are great, but they all need hard work, diligence and scientific methods to achieve results.
Mr. Ye Shengtao emphasized that you should have good habits in learning Chinese. Once you form a good habit, you will benefit for life, otherwise you will suffer for life. Chinese learning can't be accelerated. I quite agree with you. Only by practicing constantly can you have a real understanding of learning Chinese, and the more you practice, the deeper your understanding will be. People who want to get quick success and instant benefit should change their mentality of getting quick success and instant benefit. There is not so much relaxation and ease on the road of learning, only through unremitting efforts.
3. Learn Chinese and practice basic skills.
The basic skills of learning Chinese are: literacy and writing need to be correct and skilled; Use words appropriately and appropriately; Distinguish the relationship between sentence groups; The structure of the article knows the author's thoughts. In short, Chinese basic skills should be practiced from reading and writing more.
Mr. Ye Shengtao said that learning Chinese well depends on accumulation: reading more, writing more, practicing more and reviewing more. Reading should ask more questions, mark the whole article or part of it, and take notes after reading ... Reading and taking notes seems to meet our current reading of the whole book and its requirements, which shows that Mr. Ye Shengtao's research on Chinese studies is subtle and thorough; Teacher Ye Shengtao also mentioned that writing should be revised more, diaries should be written every day, reading notes should be thought more, questioned more and clarified more ... So I once again found that reading, accumulation and writing revision are all painstaking efforts of Chinese learning!
The purpose of Chinese education in middle schools is not only to teach students to read and write with what they have learned, but also to cultivate students' aesthetic ability and inquiry ability, so that students can form good ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality, and lay the foundation for lifelong learning and personalized development.
Learning Chinese is for use, that is, applying what you have learned. After studying, I can read more thoroughly and write more fluently than before, which is beneficial to my work. Only in this way can I achieve the goal of learning Chinese. Furthermore, learning Chinese can also form the habit of thinking carefully, understanding others' meaning thoroughly and expressing your own meaning accurately; There are also the benefits of cultivating moral character, such as cultivating a serious and meticulous attitude.
Mr. Ye Shengtao's language and writing are extremely simple, thorough in reasoning, clear in explanation, and clear in writing, so that readers can understand and convince them orally. This is the high realm of Chinese writing. With admiration for Mr. Ye Shengtao, follow in his footsteps, read the classics carefully and learn Chinese teaching from Mr. Ye Shengtao.