19 12, Tang entered Guizhou, took refuge in Beiyang warlords under the signboard of the military government, and formed a joint regime composed of Yunnan soldiers and various factions in Guizhou to suppress the revolutionaries and people of 1911. Tang dynasty did not supervise Guizhou for a long time, but created warlord rule in Guizhou.
19 13 10 Tang left Guizhou and went to Yunnan to recommend Wei Liu, the ruler of Guizhou, to Yuan Shikai's government, thus opening the curtain of warlord rule in Xingyi. The Liu family in Xingyi started from the feudal Yong Tuan, and Liu became the warlord leader in Xingyi. After taking charge of the power of a province, there is a famous saying, "When the cloud is not easy, I think it is the mission of Xingyi." Liu practiced his Xingyiquan in Guiyang, and around him, Liu's blood relatives, in-laws and disciples came to power one after another. He modeled his army on the method of Xiang Army, with feudal clans, local land, teachers and students as the ties, led by Liu, unified the whole country, interdependent at different levels, and linked military books. However, this armed force was developed on the basis of group training, and there was neither a military system for producing guns and ammunition nor an education system for cultivating talents, thus limiting the expansion of military forces. Because of this military and economic status, it will inevitably lead to external dependence. Liu is mainly subordinate to Beiyang warlord headed by Yuan Shikai and Yunnan warlord headed by Tang Dynasty. After Yuan Shikai's downfall, Liu devoted himself completely to the Dian system. The Dian nationality also took Guizhou as its sphere of influence and frequently intervened in Guizhou's political situation, so that the Dian army entered Guizhou three times in more than ten years.
In order to change this situation, (Liu's nephew) and his followers strive to expand their strength. There are a group of young soldiers around Wang Wenhua, mainly Japanese noncommissioned officers graduates, supplemented by Baoding Department and Wujiang Hall. Most of the military groups headed by Wang Wenhua came from the middle and lower classes of Xingyi warlords, and their desire for power was particularly strong. Wang Wenhua Group is called the "new school" because it "pretends to reform, always takes Demo's Crasseism as its mantra" and advocates conforming to the world trend and refreshing Guizhou's rule. The "new school" also uses the relationship between in-laws, fellow villagers, classmates, teachers and classmates to strengthen its centripetal force, but their combination is more in line with the ideological tendency and action goals. Because they hold the lifeblood of warlords-the army, they are particularly adventurous; As a result, in the melee of warlords in Sichuan, the new Guizhou army invaded the rich areas with Chongqing as the center, controlled the salt wells in southern Sichuan, plundered the finance of Sichuan Province, and rapidly expanded the "new" army. With the expansion of the military strength of the "new school" and the political support for Sun Yat-sen, the contradiction between the "new school" and the "old school" between Tang and Xingyi in Yunnan is irreconcilable. Forced by the situation, Wang Wenhua Group planned the "People's Eighth" and "People's Ninth" Incident, and finally in June of 1920 10, it overthrew the "old faction" of Xingyi warlord who ruled Guizhou for seven years, and the "new faction" reached the peak of power.
Wang Wenhua, a political supporter of Sun Yat-sen, is a hardliner among the southwest warlords who advocates the settlement of the North-South dispute by force. While the Northern Warlords were eyeing up Guizhou, but couldn't find a suitable agent, Yuan Zuming, who was dissatisfied and resentful of Wang Wenhua, tried to assassinate Wang Wenhua because of competing with Wang Wenhua for the leadership of Guizhou. After the death of Wang Wenhua, there was a temporary power vacuum in Guizhou, and Yuan Zuming took the opportunity to divide and disintegrate the "new school", established Guizhou for the second time, and seized the sovereignty of Guizhou. Later, Yuan Zuming colluded with Beiyang warlords to occupy large areas in eastern and southern Sichuan, and the forces of Qian army once reached its peak in Sichuan. However, with the internal struggle of Beiyang warlords and the joint action of Sichuan warlords, Yuan Zuming was expelled from Sichuan Province. After leaving Sichuan, Yuan Zuming Group speculated on the Northern Expedition with "hundreds of thousands of people", which was divided up by Chiang Kai-shek. Yuan Zuming was also killed by Chiang Kai-shek's Tang Shengzhi Department in the name of "New Year's Eve" in Changde on June 30, 1927. The collapse of Yuan Zuming Group marked the complete disintegration of "Xingyi warlord".
At the same time of the collapse of Xingyi warlords, the Tongzi warlord group in Guizhou, headed by Zhou Xicheng, sprang up suddenly and seized the military and political power in Guizhou. From 1926 to 1935, he ruled Guizhou for ten years. Because Zhou Xicheng was neither a wealthy township tycoon like Xingyi warlord, but also held Yingyong for generations, with the support of the Yunnan army after the Revolution of 1911, it was easy to establish rule. Unlike Tang and Liu Cunhou, who have participated in the League, they have certain political capital; Unlike Lu Rongting, who has always held the military power since the Qing Dynasty. Zhou Xi has no army to deploy, and no troops to rely on outside. To achieve political goals, we can only recruit cronies and contact our best friends. He brought people who were keen on political speculation in Tongzi area into small groups one after another and got together with relatives, fellow villagers and colleagues. After some operation, Guizhou Tongzi Warlord Group with Zhou Xicheng, Mao Guangxiang and Wang Jialie as the backbone was formally established.
1922, Zhou Xicheng crowded out Xu Chaoguang, chief of staff, and took control of the First HunChengLv. Based on this brigade, Zhou Xicheng attached to the strong, annexed the weak, opportunistic among the southwest warlords, and expanded his strength by hook or by crook, and finally ascended the "throne" of the 25th Army Commander of the National Revolutionary Army and the Governor of Guizhou Province. After the Tongzi Sect came to power, it appointed Tongzi people, so that the proverb "All officials are Tongzi, and no wine is not Maotai" spread in the society. Among the top cronies of the group, the succession order of "Qun (Mao Guangxiang), Shao (Wang Jialie), Pei (Jiang Guokun) and Yong (Yuda)" was also arranged. Politically, Zhou Xicheng fell in love with the new Guangxi clique, wooed the Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang, tried his best to abort all attempts of the Kuomintang Central Army to get their hands on Guizhou, and monopolized the military and political power in Guizhou. Chiang Kai-shek was extremely dissatisfied with this, but Zhou Xicheng had firmly controlled the political situation in Guizhou, and Chiang Kai-shek could do nothing about it. Economically, Zhou Xicheng built roads, set up industries, and thoroughly investigated the accumulated financial drawbacks, making its rule a "well-off period" in the history of Guizhou warlords.
After consolidating Guizhou's finance, Zhou Xicheng once expanded abroad. Later, when the warlords in Yunnan were fighting, they tried to seize the political power in Yunnan. The result was defeated by Long Yun, a warlord in Yunnan, and Li Shen, a remnant of Yuan Zuming. Zhou Xicheng died behind Jigong. After Zhou Xicheng's death, the contradiction of Tongzi system began to appear. Although Mao Guangxiang took over the ruling power, his talents were mediocre and his prestige was insufficient, and the whole Tongzi system was harmonious. After 1929, Chiang Kai-shek accelerated the pace of seizing the military and political power in Guizhou from Tongzi Group, and used political disintegration, military gradual infiltration and other means to shake the ruling foundation of Tongzi Group in Guizhou, expanding and intensifying the contradictions within Tongzi Group.
1932, with the support of Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jialie took over the sovereignty and became the provincial chairman. During Wang Jialie's three years in power, the military power of Tongzi was never unified. Although Mao Guangxiang handed over the positions of commander and provincial chairman, he still retained the title of commander-in-chief, and to some extent he could still secretly command teams except Wang Jialie. However, Wang Jialie's wife, Shiwan, unscrupulously intervened in politics, and his brothers, sons and nephews held important positions one after another, resulting in the situation that the "two-way" (Tongzi and Tongren) people were in power, and the two factions fought for power and profit, which led to the farce of "Jin Kemu". In the view of the elders of Tongzi Sect, Wang Jialie, who took refuge in Chiang Kai-shek, betrayed the Tongzi Sect organized by Zhou Xicheng. Only by deposing the king can the Tongzi Sect survive in Guizhou. The last war broke out in the history of Guizhou warlords, which lasted more than two years from 1932 to 1935. Chiang Kai-shek's Central Committee also took the opportunity of 1934 Red Army's entry into Guizhou to send troops to Guizhou. As soon as Wang Jialie's troops were consumed and the main force was wiped out by the Red Army, Wang Jialie's men forced Wang Jialie to hand over military power. Wang Jialie was awarded the Senate by Chiang Kai-shek and flew to Hankou with Zhang Xueliang on May 3, 1935, ending the warlord rule.
Since Wang Jialie stepped down and the "Guizhou Army" was reorganized, the warlord rule in Guizhou officially ended. Since then, political and military entities that occupy the territory of the whole province, have independent armies and compete with warlords from the central and other provinces have ceased to exist in Guizhou. From March 19 12 when Tang entered Guizhou to April 1935 when Wang Jialie stepped down, the warlord rule in Guizhou lasted for 23 years. In the past 23 years, there has never been a military government that has not devoted its manpower, material resources and financial resources to military expansion and dominated Guizhou.