Linhe District is located in the north of China, the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the hinterland of Hetao Plain, above the zigzag bend of the Yellow River, facing the Ordos Plateau across the river in the south, Yinshan Mountain in the north and Wulate Grassland in the east. It is the political, economic, cultural, transportation and information center of Bayannaoer City. The geographical coordinates are 107 degrees 6 minutes-107 degrees 44 minutes, and the north latitude is 40 degrees 34 minutes -4 1 degree 17 minutes. The total area of the region is 2354 square kilometers, of which the area is 29. 1 square kilometer. The whole region governs 1 1 town, and there are 10 sub-district offices in the urban area. Mongolian, Han and Hui 14 ethnic groups, with a population of 520,000, including 260,000 in urban areas.
Linhe District belongs to temperate continental climate, with an average temperature of 6.8℃ and an average precipitation of 65,438 0.40 mm, with strong sunshine and long time. The temperature difference between day and night is large, and the frost-free period is about 140 days. The land area of the whole region is 3.49 million mu, of which the cultivated land area is 6.5438+0.92 million mu. The terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, and the water resources are abundant. The whole area is irrigated by the Yellow River, which is suitable for the growth of various crops, animals and plants. It has unique natural advantages in developing agriculture, animal husbandry, fruit planting and tourism. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "the Yellow River is full of disasters and only a set of wealth" and "Jiangnan is blocked".
Linhe District has convenient transportation. The railway artery connecting the northwest (Jinglan Railway) passes through the territory, and the national highway 1 10 passes through the urban area. There are 2400 kilometers of graded highways and 430 kilometers of district-level highways in urban and rural areas. Communication has developed rapidly, and program-controlled telephones cover urban and rural areas.
Linhe District is a young city, a developing city and an open city. With the east wind of the motherland's reform and opening up, Linhe District put forward the grand goal of building a "northern Yangcheng" at the beginning of the new millennium, and established the development idea of "building an industrial zone, driving the urban area and enriching the people by breeding". District committees and district governments actively adapt to the requirements of WTO entry, optimize the economic structure, speed up scientific and technological progress, change government functions and manage the economic environment; Concentrate on accelerating the development of industrialization and promoting urbanization and industrial upgrading, and all economic and social undertakings in the region have shown a good momentum of sustained and rapid development. In 2003, the region's GDP reached 4.63 billion yuan, an increase of 15%. Fiscal revenue exceeded the 300 million yuan mark; The economic structure has undergone qualitative changes, the three industrial structures have become increasingly reasonable, and the regional comprehensive economic strength has entered the top 50 of the top 100 counties in the west.
The local industries in Linhe District are mainly cashmere spinning, food, clothing, metallurgy, chemicals, building materials, wine, medicine and ethnic products, with more than 200 kinds of products. At present, there are 625 agricultural and livestock products processing enterprises (including individual industrial and commercial households) in the whole region, including 37 agricultural and livestock products processing enterprises above designated size. Hengfeng Group, Jinchuan Health Beer, Delis Food and Weixin Group have become local leading enterprises, and their products sell well all over the country and enjoy a good reputation at home and abroad.
The special natural environment has created the special quality of agricultural and sideline products in Linhe District. Green characteristic agriculture has developed vigorously, basically forming a planting pattern (grain, economy and fodder), an industrial pattern of forest and animal husbandry in the north and south, dehydrated vegetables in the west, melons and fruits with characteristics in the east and suburban protected areas. The main crops are wheat, corn, sunflower, sugar beet and so on. Economic fruits and local products include honeydew melons, watermelons, apples and pears, medlar, potatoes, leeks, beans, green peppers and tomatoes. The wheat produced is the national first-class high-quality wheat, an important production base of high-quality agricultural and livestock products in China, and the "hometown of apples and pears in China". Four towns and villages in the whole region have been designated as Beijing assured vegetable bases, 14 towns and villages have been certified as pollution-free production bases by the autonomous region, and the first green food production base in the autonomous region has been built, and it has been identified as an agricultural standardization demonstration county by the Ministry of Agriculture and named as "Top Ten Fruit and Vegetable Counties in China".
The pace of urban infrastructure construction in Linhe District has been accelerated, and the urban functions have been improved day by day, which has laid a solid foundation for the economic take-off and urban sustainable development in Linhe District. The paving rate of roads in urban built-up areas reached 96%, the drainage benefit area in built-up areas reached 95%, and the water supply penetration rate reached 95%. Primary and secondary roads are cleaned, and urban garbage is cleaned every day. Urban green area 147.2 hectares, per capita 4. 1 m2. The coverage rate of urban green space reached 16.8%, and the greening rate of primary and secondary roads reached over 95%. Six-star civilized city and health city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have been built. This year, Linhe District will, in accordance with the requirements of building a modern regional central city, take the opportunity of setting up a city by withdrawing from the alliance, further improve the planning, clarify the urban positioning, highlight the zoning function, start the construction project of the new district, complete the infrastructure projects such as the widening and reconstruction of the West Ring Road and the North Ring Road and the two-level administrative office building in the urban area with high standards, enlarge the overall framework of the city, and strive to expand the urban area from the current 22 square kilometers to 38 square kilometers by 2008.
He Lin has a long history, splendid culture and beautiful scenery. There is Yongji Amusement Park next to the Ring Expressway, Mongolian Camp in the Development Zone and Su Chang Temple in Xinhua Town. Surrounded by Wuliangsuhai, Yinshan Rock Painting, Zhongqi Grassland Scenery, Yellow River Bridge and Toudaoqiao Tourist Resort. In addition, the scenic Jinghu tourist area why Lin added a colorful cultural landscape.
The service industry in Linhe District is developing rapidly, and its service function is improving day by day. There are more than 20 hotels and restaurants in the whole region, which greatly facilitates the eating, living and entertainment of foreigners. Among them, Guotai Building, which was completed and put into operation in 2003, has a construction area of more than 60,000 square meters and complete service facilities, and is the largest leisure and entertainment place in western Inner Mongolia.
Linhe District is one of the key areas of the national western development strategy, and it is a hot land full of hope and urgent to be developed. The people are industrious and simple, with preferential opening-up policies and a good investment environment.
Human population
In 2003, the population growth in Linhe District continued to slow down. According to the police, the annual population birth rate was 5. 18‰, the population death rate was 1.79‰, and the natural population growth rate was 3.38‰, down by two thousandths over the previous year. At the end of the year, the resident population was 52010.4 million, an increase of10.4 million over the end of last year. Among them, the urban registered population is 222,900 and the non-urban registered population is 298,400. Of the total population, there are 259,400 males, accounting for 49.75%; The female population is 262,000, accounting for 50.25%; The ratio of male to female is 99 (female is 100, male to female ratio). Among the14,000 people added in 2003,114 people moved from outside the city, and they have a fixed residence and income source in Linhe District (urban hukou has been solved), among which women are more than others. In recent years, due to the continuous decrease of birth population and floating population, the population aged 8-60 in Linhe District/KLOC-0 accounts for 67.4% of the population age composition.
According to the census data of population and employment in Linhe District in 2003, the total population of Linhe District at the end of the year was 518700, and the population density was 220/km2. Of the total population, the population living in cities and towns is 3 1.600 (including the population of the natural village where the market town is located), accounting for 59.8% of the total population. Among them, the population living in cities and towns is 284,500, accounting for 54.8% of the total population, and the population living in market towns is 2649 1 person, accounting for 5.1%of the total population; The population living in rural areas is 208 1 000, accounting for 40.2% of the total population. The male population is 265,300 and the female population is 253,400. Linhe District 162000 households, with an average of 2.99 people per household.
geography
geographical position
He Lin is located in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, on the north bank of the Yellow River, at the south foot of Yinshan Mountain, in the middle of Hetao Plain, near the Yellow River, the second longest river in China, hence the name "He Lin". Geographical coordinates are 107 6' east to 107 44' north to 4 1 17' north.
topography
The whole area along the river is the alluvial plain of the Yellow River. The ground is open and flat, and the terrain is slightly inclined from southwest to northeast. Altitude1209m-1045m. The cultivated land area near the river is 757,665,438+0 hectares, accounting for 54.4% of the total area, and the others are pastures, sand dunes, forests and lakes. He Lin is rich in groundwater resources, with an average buried depth of1.6m-2.2m. Most of the groundwater is fresh water, which is suitable for irrigation. Groundwater recharge is mainly irrigation from the Yellow River, with annual water intake of 65.438+0.2 billion cubic meters and irrigation area of 65.438+0.595 million mu.
climate
Located in the hinterland of He Lin, it has a mid-temperate semi-arid continental climate. It is characterized by less fog, less precipitation, strong wind and dry climate. Annual precipitation 138.8mm, average temperature 6.8℃, large temperature difference between day and night, long sunshine time, and annual sunshine time of 3,229.9 hours. It is one of the areas with the most sunshine hours in China. Light, heat and water are in the same period, and the frost-free period is about 130 days, which is suitable for the growth of crops and pastures.
resources
1, lighting
Rich in light energy resources, the annual total radiation is 153. 13 kcal/cm2, and the sunshine hours are 3254 hours, which is higher than that of Beijing at the same latitude. Physiologically effective radiation is 75.28 kcal/cm2, accounting for 49. 16% of the total annual radiation. April-September is the growing season, with total solar radiation of 97.44 kcal/cm2, sunshine hours of 1.806 hours and light intensity of 8-65438+ million-meter candle, which is very beneficial to the growth of crops, grasses and trees.
2. heat
The average annual temperature is 6.8 degrees Celsius. The coldest month is 1, and the hottest month is July, with an annual variation of 34.9℃ and a daily variation of 13 ~ 16.9℃. The geographical distribution of heat decreases from south to north, with an annual average temperature difference of 0.6C He Lin has a continental climate with a large temperature difference between day and night. The largest daily variation is 16.9℃ in May and the smallest is 1 1.3℃ in October. From April to September, the same period of light and hot water is beneficial to crop growth, and the daily variation range is 13 ~ 16c, which is beneficial to the accumulation of photosynthetic products.
3. Water resources
The Yellow River is a transit river and the main source of surface water and groundwater near the river. The annual average total runoff of the Yellow River is 36.72 billion cubic meters, with a flow of 847.3 cubic meters per second. Roses change greatly in a year, with the maximum flow in August and the minimum flow in11~ 65438+February. The maximum monthly flow is 5 ~ 24 times of the minimum monthly flow. The Yellow River is the main irrigation water source near the river. An irrigation network for diverting water from the Yellow River with Yongji and Ji Huang as main canals has been formed. Annual water diversion1/kloc-0.02 million cubic meters, total irrigation area/kloc-0.99 million mu, and ditch area of 205 1000 mu.
In addition to the Yellow River irrigation network, there are lakes and lakes with a total area of 3 1 10,000 mu, water depth of 1 ~ 7 meters and PH value of 8 ~ 9.
Groundwater is abundant. The average buried depth is1.6 ~ 2.2m, the deepest in March is below 2.5m, and the shallowest in June is 1 1 m. The trend of groundwater is consistent with the topography from north to north. The buried depth in the north is less than 1 m, the aquifer thickness is 180 m, and the unit water inflow is 5 ~10m3/h; Medium buried depth
4, irrigation sludge
Irrigation and silting soil is one of the main soil types near rivers and is widely distributed. Irrigation and silting soil is mainly concentrated between baotou-lanzhou railway and Shanba-Wuyuan highway, and a small amount is distributed in the south of Yellow River flood dike and north of main drainage. Irrigation sediment area 1762727.22 mu.
Physical properties of irrigated silt: surface soil capacity < 1.5g/ cm2, total porosity 44.46%, groundwater depth 0.7 ~ 2.7m ... Chemical properties: pH 7 ~ 8.5, salt content.
The irrigation effect layer of silted soil is thin, generally about 50 cm. Due to the irrigation and fertilization of the Yellow River, the irrigation effect layer is uniform and the stratification is not obvious. In the irrigation effect layer, the humus content is high, the structure is good, and it is easy to cultivate. It is the main cultivated soil near rivers and is suitable for the growth of many crops, trees and grass.
Irrigation and siltation soil includes meadow irrigation and siltation soil and salinization irrigation and siltation soil, 8 soil genera, 127 soil species, including irrigation and siltation red soil, irrigation and siltation loess, irrigation and siltation sand, salinization red mud, salinization loess, salinization foam soil and salinization sand.
5. Agricultural products
(1) Apples and pears: high yield, big size, good color, rich juice and rich nutrition. 1988 was rated as the national high-quality fruit, 199 1 was rated as the high-quality fruit in China at the high-quality product appraisal meeting of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, 1996 He Lin was named as "the hometown of apples and pears in China" by the Agricultural Development Department of the State Council Development Research Center, with an area of1kloc in 2000.
(2) Vegetables: The planting area of vegetables is 5 1 10,000 mu, with an annual output of 293,000 tons of various vegetables. Among them, Xinhua Town "Ma Lian" brand leek is recognized as a green food and is one of the three major leek production bases in China.
(3) Seeds and melon seeds: large, uniform, granular and inexpensive, with planting area of/kloc-0.07 million mu and total output of/kloc-0.60 million tons. Through processing, its products have become representative symbolic gifts in Bayannaoer and Hohhot.
(4) Tomato: The planting area is 23,000 mu, and the output is102,000 tons. Besides local deep processing, the products are also exported to Japan, South Korea, Italy, France, Taiwan Province Province and Hongkong.
(5) Wheat: Excellent quality, high crude protein content and high flour yield. It is an ideal variety for producing high-quality flour and deep processing. In 2000, the planting area was 4 1 10,000 mu, and the output was 1.74 million tons.
(6) Oil sunflower: It has full grains and high oil content, and enjoys a high reputation in the domestic market, with an annual output of 65.438+0.34 billion Jin.
(7) Watermelon and melon: characterized by large output, high sugar content, fragrance, sweetness and crispness, the products are exported to all parts of the country, and now it has become the largest watermelon and melon wholesale distribution center in northwest China, with an annual output of watermelon 1 1.4 million tons and melon 1.66 million tons.
6. Forest trees
There are many kinds of trees, belonging to 65,438+0 families, 65,438+07 genera, 24 species, including Salicaceae, Ulmaceae, Sapindaceae, Aceraceae, Rosaceae, Vitaceae, Solanaceae, Araliaceae and Leguminosae. Natural forests are dominated by red willows and river willows, mainly distributed on the floodplain along the Yellow River, followed by Populus euphratica and Bates. Plantations mainly include poplars, willows, elms, Elaeagnus angustifolia, shrubs and fruit trees.
7. Medicinal plants
The natural plants are Xanthium sibiricum, Medicago ruthenica, Semen Cuscutae, Plantago asiatica, Pollen Typhae, Rhizoma Phragmitis, Sophora alopecuroides, Taraxacum, Fructus Lycii, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Morinda officinalis, Equisetum arvense, Folium Artemisiae Argyi and Glycyrrhrizae Radix. Artificial cultivation includes codonopsis pilosula, Stemona root, rhubarb, isatis root, black ugly, white ugly and so on.
8. Feed
There are abundant forage resources, including Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Tribulus, Rosaceae, Polygonaceae, Araceae, Lithocarpaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Cruciferae, Ranunculaceae, Primulaceae, Cheqianke, Salicaceae and Cyperaceae, with a total of 16.
9. Livestock and poultry
Animal resources are mainly livestock and poultry, including large livestock such as cattle, horses, mules, donkeys and camels, small livestock such as sheep and goats, and pigs, chickens, geese, ducks and rabbits.
10, batch account
Excellent quality, leather and products sell well. 199 produced 2890 pieces of cowhide, 3 pieces of sheepskin and 23464 pieces of goatskin. In addition, Pizhang in the surrounding counties are all gathered in He Lin, with a circulation of 800,000.
1 1, fluff
Linhe District has an annual output of 4,468 tons of wool and 350 tons of cashmere. Erlangshan white cashmere has long fiber, good luster, high strength and strong elasticity, and is praised as the "king of fiber" by experts and enjoys a high reputation in the world.
12, industrial products
(1) "Weixin" brand cashmere and sheep shearing series products
Weixin (Group) Co., Ltd. has an annual output of 600,000 cashmere sweaters, 300,000 cashmere scarves, 65,438+10,000 meters of cashmere fabrics and cashmere products10.8 million square feet. Weixin has been rated as one of the top ten women's wear brands in China for three consecutive years.
(2) "Hetao" brand snow pollen and its series products
The "Hetao" brand snow pollen and its series products produced by Hengfeng Food Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. have obtained the national green food certification mark.
(3) Jinchuan health beer
Jinchuan Health Beer, produced by Inner Mongolia Jinchuan Health Beer General Factory, was approved by the Ministry of Health as the only health beer in China and won the Guinness World Certificate with an annual output of 50,000 tons.
(4) Changhe feed
Changhe Feed Development Co., Ltd. has an annual output of 200,000 tons of high-quality full-price granules, powders and concentrated materials.
(5) "Yucheng" cashmere sweater
Yulong cashmere sweater co., ltd produces 30 tons of cashmere-free white goats, 65,438+10,000 cashmere sweaters and 65,438+10,000 cashmere scarves every year.
(6) Delis series low-temperature cooked meat products
Delis low-temperature cooked meat products and quick-frozen, fried and fast-food series produced by Inner Mongolia Delis Food Co., Ltd. have three production lines, such as lean pig and mutton sheep, with an annual production capacity of 3000 tons. Delis is one of the well-known trademarks in China.
(seven) "Holly" brand, "Aodun" brand camel hair Tang suit, winter suit, down jacket.
"Holly" brand, "Aodun" brand camel hair Tang suit, winter clothes and down jackets produced by He Lin National Clothing Factory are exported at home and abroad with an annual production capacity of 200,000 pieces.
history
He Lin has a long history. As early as the Warring States period, the Seven Heroes competed for hegemony, and King Wuling of Zhao opened up territory and established Jiuyuan County. He Lin was the western part of Jiuyuan County, and it was subordinate at this time. 1929 County was founded, and on September 1949, He Lin was peacefully liberated. 1950 belongs to Shaanxi Dam Commissioner's Office, 1954 belongs to Hetao Administrative Region, and 1958 belongs to Bayannaoer League. 1984165438+1On October 22nd, He Lin was approved by the State Council to set up a city. Before the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, He Lin was a vast area with few people, and there were wild scenes everywhere. Later, successive years of famine in the mainland, coupled with the government's anti-people, forced the "population" of Shaanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei and Henan to settle in He Lin, where they reclaimed land and engaged in farming, gradually turning He Lin into an agricultural area. 1949 After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), the people of He Lin vigorously built farmland water conservancy, rationally developed and utilized the water resources of the Yellow River, and successively organized large-scale irrigation and drainage projects such as digging main canals and drainage pipes, which changed the backward appearance of agricultural production in He Lin. Especially since 1978 reform and opening up, urban and rural areas have relied on each other and promoted each other, and the national economy along the Yangtze River has developed greatly.
From June 5438 to February 2020, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs identified Linhe District as the fifth batch of demonstration counties (cities, districts) in China that took the lead in basically realizing the whole mechanization of main crop production.
In June 2020165438+1October, the list of "Top 100 Demonstration Counties and Cities for Rural Revitalization in 2020" was released, and Linhe District ranked 32nd.
In February of 20 18, Linhe District was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 17.
In 2005, Linhe District ranked 38th among the top 100 oil-producing counties in China in 2005.