Because there are only 2420 recognizable inscriptions, it is not enough for calligraphy lovers to create calligraphy. In order to solve this world problem, Mr Yin, a famous scholar, recreated more than 3,000 words of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and then recreated more than 2,000 words of inscriptions himself, bringing the total number of inscriptions to nearly 5,000 words, fully meeting the needs of the vast number of calligraphy lovers, creating a historical precedent and going down in history.
Edited on 20021-04-03
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The origin of bronze inscriptions
Origin of Bronze Inscriptions: Bronze Inscriptions appeared in the middle of Shang Dynasty. Although there are not many materials, they are all earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins. The lower limit of inscriptions on bronze is when Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, that is, when Qin unified China characters with Xiao Zhuan. The bronze inscriptions on Yin and Zhou bronzes are also called Zhong Dingwen. Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the bronze age, with the tripod as the representative ritual vessel and the bell as the representative musical instrument. "Zhong Ding" was synonymous with bronze ware. China entered the Bronze Age in Xia Dynasty, and the technology of copper smelting and bronze ware manufacturing was very developed. Because the Zhou Dynasty called copper gold, the inscriptions on bronzes were called "inscriptions on bronzes" or "auspicious words"; And because these bronzes have the largest number of words in Zhong Ding. So it used to be called "Zhong Dingwen". The application period of bronze inscriptions is about 800 years, from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty's destruction of the Six Kingdoms. According to Rong Geng's Jin Wen Bian, there are 3,722 words in Jin Wen, of which 2,420 words can be identified. Extended data:
Characteristics and style of inscriptions on bronze: 1. Bronze inscriptions in the Yin and Shang Dynasties are generally very short, with only one or two or a dozen words. For example, "Father B" and "Father D" are mainly people's names, mostly clan names, people's names, names of ancestors who were sacrificed, vessel names, manufacturers' names, family emblems and so on. There are many hieroglyphs in Shang inscriptions, most of which are animals, such as horses, tigers, birds, fish, elephants, pigs and dogs, as well as images of weapons, families, ships, sons, mountains and descendants. This is a unique phenomenon of bronze inscriptions in Shang Dynasty. These hieroglyphs are more primitive and lifelike than Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which can be said to be the older fonts in the inscriptions on bronze. The inscriptions in this period are rigorous and meticulous, and the strokes are fierce and magnificent. Representative works include: Wu Ding, Yiziting, Ding Xin, etc. Although there are few words, they are unique in style, some are simple and dignified, and some are smooth and thin, which opened the precedent of bronze inscriptions in the Western Zhou Dynasty. 2. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, bronze inscriptions made great progress. Due to the richness of ritual vessels in the Western Zhou Dynasty, a considerable number of bronze inscriptions remained in the world. In terms of style, the inscriptions on bronze in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty have the characteristics of simplicity, solemnity, magnificence and solemnity. The head and tail are not exposed, and the brushwork is vigorous and bold, which embodies the formal beauty of the combination of lines and blocks as a whole. By the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the style of bronze inscriptions had changed from simple and dignified to elegant and peaceful, with soft and smooth strokes and round lines. But the decorative meaning is weakened, the brushwork is enhanced, and the line layout is relaxed and comfortable. In the late Western Zhou Dynasty, the inscriptions on bronze tended to be mature, the strokes tended to be unified from the initial fat and thin disparity, the glyphs were more free, and the styles were diversified, showing the mature style characteristics of Dazhuan. The famous heavyweights in this period are Da, Pan, Mao and Xiao. Generally speaking, the inscriptions on bronze inscriptions in this period have generally balanced fonts, rounded and even strokes and neat and dignified strokes. 3. Eastern Zhou Dynasty. It is also the decline period of bronze inscriptions. During this period, more and more coins were carved, and the strokes of coins were fine. Therefore, the bronze inscriptions at this time are very beautiful, slightly shorter and more varied than those in the Western Zhou Dynasty. What is striking is that. Bird calligraphy appears in bronze inscriptions and is mainly used for the decoration of weapons. At the same time, the inscription at this time was not only registered, but also accompanied by a message of "Children and grandchildren cherish forever". 4. After Qin and Han Dynasties, it was also the end of inscriptions on bronze inscriptions, and the style of inscriptions on bronze inscriptions gradually changed, which was different from previous inscriptions. Qin Shihuang unified the world and abolished the feudal regime. The court Yi wares gradually disappeared, and the manufacture of bronze Yi wares also stopped. The inscriptions on gold wares in Qin Dynasty are mainly about weights and measures, and the main inscriptions are mostly about the standardization of weights and measures. As for the inscriptions in the Han dynasty, most of them are the names, years, sizes and auspicious languages of the objects themselves. Baidu Encyclopedia-Jinwen
162 Zan 3 1, 426 browse 20 19-03-08
The origin of bronze inscriptions
A literal name of ancient Chinese characters in China. Shang, Western Zhou, Spring and Autumn and Warring States. In Qing Dynasty, Wu Shifen compiled the bronze inscriptions of Shang and Zhou Dynasties into a book "Historical Records and Bronze inscriptions", which collected a lot of information and had a great influence, thus defining the word bronze inscriptions. At this time, the so-called inscriptions refer to the whole inscription, not words. 1925, Rong Geng compiled inscriptions on Shang and Zhou dynasties into a dictionary according to the order of Shuo Wen Jie Zi, and inscriptions on Shang and Zhou dynasties became a calligraphy name from then on. Bronze inscriptions appeared in the middle of Shang Dynasty. Although there are not many materials, they are all earlier than Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins. The lower limit of inscriptions on bronze is when Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms, that is, when Qin unified China characters with Xiao Zhuan. Song people paid great attention to inscriptions when collecting bronzes, such as Lu Dalin's archaeological drawings. There are also special inscriptions, such as Lu in Wang Qiu. When the words in the inscription were compiled into a dictionary, there was Zhong Ding Transshipment written by Chu Wang and Xue Shanggong. In the Qing Dynasty, due to the prosperity of Shuowen and the in-depth study of phonology and exegesis, under the influence of this style of study, the study of inscriptions made rapid progress, and experts such as Wu Da appeared constantly. Zi Shuo, Shuo Wen Gu Shu Bu, Sun Yirang Gu Shu Interpretation, Gu Yu Shu Lun, Ming Yuan, etc. Everyone has original ideas, which have surpassed their predecessors. Bronze inscriptions have a long history and are widely used. If the materials are not sorted out, the research work will have little effect. Scholars have understood this in the past. Wang Guowei's Preface to the Reading of the Stone and Zhou Yun clearly explains the concepts of time and place. Guo Moruo's Preface to the Great Series of Bi-Zhou Jin Ming said: "The time and the country are consistent, … the writing time of the Western Zhou Dynasty can be set or near, with 162 instruments. ..... is based on the country, and it also coincides with the year of the country, and it has won 160 articles from various countries. " This is an epoch-making pioneering work in the study of bronze inscriptions. 1985, the fourth edition of Rong Geng's Jin Wen bian uses 3902 inscriptions, including 2420 words (literate) in the text and 3772 words (illiterate) in the appendix 1352. This is the total number of inscriptions that can be seen today. Pre-Qin written materials are not limited to inscriptions on bronze, but inscriptions on bronze are the main ones after all, which reflects the basic situation of the development and changes of China characters during 1000 years before Qin unified the small seal script. It was Jin Wen, also known as Zhong Dingwen, who appeared later than Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the bronze age, with the tripod as the representative ritual vessel and the bell as the representative musical instrument. "Zhong Ding" was synonymous with bronze ware. Therefore, Zhong Dingwen or inscriptions on bronze refers to inscriptions cast or carved on bronzes. The content of inscriptions on bronze is a record of activities or events such as offering sacrifices, giving orders, imperial edicts, campaigns, hunting and covenants. All these reflect the social life at that time. The inscriptions on bronze inscriptions are neat and elegant, simple and heavy. Compared with Oracle Bone Inscriptions, they are more colorful. Bronze inscriptions are basically printed. These characters were discovered in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, when someone sent a tripod excavated in Fenyang to the palace, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named it Ding Yuan (formerly 1 16). Later, Jin Wen made one discovery after another. Ouyang Xiu and Zhao Mingcheng were scholars in Song Dynasty. They were both good at writing, studying and recording inscriptions on bronze. The Mao inscription in the casting is very representative, with 32 lines and 497 words, which is the earliest bronze inscription unearthed. Mao's inscription is rigorous in structure, thin, smooth, even and neat, and it is a fine work in the bronze inscription. In addition, the inscription of Dahepan is also a masterpiece of bronze inscriptions.
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The origin and evolution of the pursuit of bronze inscriptions
The ancient writing carved on tortoise shells or animal bones is called Oracle Bone Inscriptions. The words carved on bronzes in the Western Zhou Dynasty were called inscriptions on bronze. The Qin dynasty unified the characters and used Xiao Zhuan. Even though there were bronzes before Shang Dynasty, the inscriptions on bronzes began after Pan Geng moved to Yin (now northwest of Anyang, Henan). There were only a few figures at first, and by the beginning of the week, it had reached more than 200 words. At the end of Shang Dynasty, there were many bronze inscriptions, but the description was still very brief. In the Zhou Dynasty of Shang Dynasty, bronze inscriptions gradually flourished, recording the great events of the Emperor of Heaven, such as Wang Zhao's southern tour and Mu Wang's western expedition. Since Pingtung moved to the east, ironware has gradually become popular, and bronze music such as bells has gradually increased, which can also be cast outside bronze wares. Therefore, the bronze inscription records not only the affairs of princes and ministers, but also merits and standards. At this time, bronze inscriptions were widely used and called the heyday. After Qin Shihuang unified the whole country, imperial edicts were written in the same language and monuments were erected in all directions. The inscriptions on Zhong Ding are no longer engraved, so the inscriptions on bronze inscriptions gradually declined. Until the Han dynasty, people cast more inscriptions on iron, and bronze vessels were no longer used, so there were no inscriptions on bronzes in history.
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The application period of bronze inscriptions is about 800 years, from the end of Shang Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty's destruction of the Six Kingdoms. According to Rong Geng's Jin Wen Bian, there are 3,722 words in Jin Wen, of which 2,420 words can be identified.