Moral education is a basic education, a prerequisite and guarantee for us to carry out other educational activities, and an important link in implementing quality education in kindergartens. It is in the primary position of preschool education, and it is the foundation of all our educational work, and it is also the foundation of our educational work. Moral education runs through the whole process of early childhood education and all aspects of early childhood life. It is integrated into language, society, health and other fields, into learning, life, games, entertainment and other activities, and into all aspects of children's daily life. Childhood is a critical period of personality formation and an important stage of moral education for young children. Children's moral education plays a leading and decisive role in promoting children's all-round and harmonious development.
Knowing the significance and importance of moral education, let's talk about how to implement it. What is the goal of moral education in kindergarten? What are the contents and methods of preschool moral education? What principles should be followed in the implementation process? How to effectively carry out moral education for children? ..... These problems are not only related to the success or failure of kindergarten moral education, but also the key to our moral education, which teachers must study and master.
First, the goal of moral education
It is pointed out in the outline that "moral education in kindergartens should focus on emotional education and behavioral habits education". Through various educational activities, teachers educate and influence children's thoughts, behaviors and morals, cultivate children's basic moral concepts and social responsibility consciousness, enable them to construct and enhance their own value awareness, emotional experience and moral behavior, and cultivate good quality and behavior habits of consciously observing social morality and behavior norms.
Second, the content of moral education
Moral education in a broad sense includes patriotism education, idealism education, collectivism education, humanitarianism education, social morality education, labor education, conscious discipline education, democracy and legal concept education, scientific world outlook and outlook on life education. According to the general goal of moral education, we can summarize the contents of children's moral education as follows:
1, ideologically: sprout children's feelings of loving the motherland, hometown, collective, people and parents; Cultivate children's collective consciousness of caring for and obeying the collective, and have a preliminary sense of collective honor; Have positive, optimistic, brave and strong personality characteristics.
2. Morality: Educate children to be polite; Cultivate children's good qualities such as honesty and trustworthiness, being good at asking questions, unity and friendship, and being ready to help others.
3. In behavior: cultivate children's good habits of life, study and hygiene; Cultivate children's self-care ability and self-protection ability; Abide by social ethics and laws and regulations, care for public property, care for animals and plants, and have basic environmental awareness.
Third, the implementation of moral education methods
Persuasion education act
Persuasion education is a method to raise children's understanding and form a correct view by citing facts and reasoning. That is, using some stories or real cases to explain simple and profound educational methods to children through explanation, conversation and discussion. Using this method, teachers can help children distinguish right from wrong, establish correct moral concepts and values, and enable children to master the correct code of conduct and form good behavior habits.
(2) Model Law
Environmental edification refers to the method by which teachers subtly infect and edify children's moral quality in the environment by creating a good educational environment, and cultivate and promote the formation of children's moral behavior. The educational environment includes kindergarten, family and society.
Environment is a kind of silent education. It is clearly pointed out in the outline that "the environment is an important educational resource, and teachers should effectively promote children's development through the creation and utilization of the environment". In the creation of environment, teachers should make full use of space and activity materials to stimulate children's interest in learning and their desire to explore. For example, teachers use the space or walls in classrooms or corridors to decorate and design theme environmental walls such as "the mountains and rivers of the motherland", "the scenery of hometown" and "beautiful home". Through the collection and display of pictures, children not only deeply understand the greatness of the motherland, the beauty of their hometown, the happiness of their families and the warmth of their classes, but also inspire their true feelings of loving their hometown, their motherland, their collectives and their families, so that they can receive emotional enlightenment education in a subtle way. In addition, teachers can also make use of the "book corner", "doll house" and "natural corner" in the activity room to help children establish good moral concepts and develop good behavior habits through independent reading, independent experience and independent performance.
Parents are children's first teachers, and family is the first environment for children's personality growth. To do a good job in moral education, we must work together at home to extend the moral education in kindergartens to families. Therefore, teachers and parents should always keep in touch, keep abreast of their children's behavior at home and grasp their development at home, so as to take effective educational measures and carry out targeted moral education. At the same time, teachers should also introduce and publicize the ideas and requirements of kindergarten moral education, so that the homes can cooperate and jointly promote the healthy growth of children. For example, use the forms of "home connection", "parenting window" and "parent-teacher meeting" to exchange information in time and help parents establish the concept of "teaching their children with moral education".
Society is the third classroom for children. To cultivate people who meet the needs of society, we must go to society and integrate into it. Make full use of the human resources and material environment of the community to expand the space for children to learn and grow. For example, lead children into "orphanages" or "nursing homes" and let children bring delicious food or toys from home to perform programs for the elderly and orphans. For example, "Wenchuan Earthquake" organized children to carry out fund-raising activities of "offering love to disaster areas" to stimulate children's sympathy and love. Facts have proved that meaningful community activities can help children integrate into society while paying attention to society, which is conducive to the development of children's moral quality and cultivate their sense of social responsibility.
In short, when creating an educational environment for children, teachers should work closely with families and communities, make comprehensive use of various educational resources, create a warm and comfortable educational environment for children, and jointly create good conditions for their healthy development.
(5) Behavior evaluation method
The principle of moral education is formed in people's long-term educational practice, which is the basic requirement that teachers must follow in moral education for students, reflects the regularity of moral education process and summarizes the practical experience of moral education. The basic requirement of moral education is an important basis for making moral education work plan, choosing moral education content and method and organizing moral education process. Teachers should follow the following principles when implementing moral education for young children:
Principle of consistency and coherence
Children's morality is formed and developed under the influence of long-term education in schools, families and society. All educational forces in kindergartens, families and society should be based on the goal of moral education, and keep pace with the educational requirements and methods, so that the educational influence inside and outside the school can be sustained and coordinated with each other to form a strong and unified educational force, and work together to educate our children well and ensure their healthy moral growth in accordance with the requirements of society. Children's moral education can not be separated from family cooperation and social support. Only with the cooperation of family and school can social participation achieve the corresponding moral education effect.
In a word, there is no fixed method in teaching, and the method has no definite character, but it must be people-oriented and respect reality. There are various methods of moral education. As long as we can fully realize the importance of children's moral education and care about our moral education, there will be hope for our future. Moral education should start with children and persevere, which will certainly cultivate our children into healthy, lively, curious, brave and confident children with a preliminary sense of responsibility in the 2/kloc-0 century.