Keywords: excellent courses of ideological and political theory; Treat with care; Accurate expression; Fine organization; Refined language
China Library Classification Number: G642 Document Identification Number: A Document Number:1672-9749 (2012) 03-0068-02.
Most teachers engaged in the teaching of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities have a common feeling: ideological and political theory courses are difficult to talk about, good courses are difficult to talk about, and even more difficult to talk about as excellent courses. This is mainly because the teaching of ideological and political course undertakes the special historical mission of ideological and political education for students. This particularity requires ideological and political teachers not only to have a firm political stance and profound theoretical foundation, but also to have a keen political vision and superb lecture art.
First, the premise: be cautious and do your duty.
The teaching of ideological and political course is different from other courses, and its teaching purpose, teaching content and teaching methods have distinct characteristics. From the teaching purpose, the teaching purpose of the ideological and political course is to clearly explain the basic theory of Marxism, persist in giving scientific answers to practical problems with Marxist standpoints, viewpoints and methods, help students solve doubts and doubts, and subtly educate students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, strengthen their political stance, and master scientific world outlook and methodology; From the teaching content, the teaching content of ideological and political course directly involves the basic line and policies of our party, major theoretical issues and major social hot and difficult issues, with a strong ideological color; From the perspective of teaching methods, the teaching of ideological and political courses can not be crammed and one-sided, and various modern teaching methods suitable for the characteristics of the educated must be comprehensively used. These characteristics have very high requirements on the theory, reality, orientation and pertinence of teachers' classroom teaching, which requires teachers to take every class seriously and never rush headlong into it. To do this, teachers must always adhere to the principle of stressing politics and firmly establish a sense of responsibility and mission. Although this is a cliche, it is a political discipline and the most basic professional ethics that teachers of ideological and political courses must always remember. Otherwise, in class, students either list a lot of questions, talk about problems, talk about contradictions, go to extremes and take a crooked road, so the more they listen, the more discouraged they become. Either avoid the real problem and let the theory become a castle in the air. This is contrary to the mission of ideological and political teaching and irresponsible to students. At the same time, there are often new contents to be adjusted and supplemented in ideological and political courses, which requires teachers to pay more and contribute more. Careful treatment and dedication are the premise of creating excellent courses of ideological and political education. As long as you are loyal to the party's education, do your job wholeheartedly, and pursue persistently, you will surely produce fine products.
Second, the foundation: accurate expression and clear theme
One of the reasons why the ideological and political course is difficult and demanding is that its ideological and political nature always comes first. Only by adhering to this principle and embodying it in an appropriate form can we have an excellent class. Ideological and political nature is mainly reflected by the teaching and expression of theoretical concepts, basic principles, key and difficult points in class. When talking about conceptual principles, we should have a correct view, not be vague, and make the context clear; When talking about key and difficult issues, we should choose the right starting point, talk about key issues in depth and talk about difficult issues thoroughly. Accurate expression and distinctive theme are the basis of producing excellent ideological and political courses. Accurate expression requires teachers to have "two kinds of consciousness".
The first is the awareness of learning. Most ideological and political teachers have received good and systematic professional education and training before entering the ideological and political education team, and have certain theoretical literacy. However, the requirements of ideological and political theory courses for teachers go far beyond this. Because the teaching problem of ideological and political course is not just a simple intellectual or academic problem divided by disciplines, but a comprehensive political, theoretical and practical problem. To answer, discuss and teach these questions, teachers need to pay more attention to the learning and accumulation of knowledge while sticking to their own subject foundation. We should choose elegant "big books"-classic writers' works-works beneficial to personality development as the study object, [1] to improve the accuracy and depth of lectures. We should consciously improve the knowledge structure, broaden academic horizons, actively pay attention to reality, and improve the effectiveness and breadth of lectures; We should constantly enrich ourselves with new knowledge and become a model of loving learning and lifelong learning, so that we can have more knowledge than students, have a better understanding of knowledge than students, have a broader knowledge horizon than students, and enhance the reliability and novelty of lectures.
The second is scientific research awareness. An excellent ideological and political teacher must have a strong sense of scientific research, because teaching and scientific research are mutually nourishing. Teachers apply the latest ideas, theories, knowledge and research results to teaching through creative scientific research activities, which can not only satisfy students' thirst for knowledge, but also make theories vivid and clear, thus mobilizing students' enthusiasm for participating in teaching activities, improving and cultivating students' ability to find, analyze and solve problems, further stimulating students' enthusiasm for innovation and improving teaching quality.
Third, the key: fine structure, thread insertion
Fine organization means that after the teaching content is determined, teachers should make reasonable teaching arrangements for the whole process from teaching content promotion to language expression, and make overall consideration and design for the whole teaching process. Fine teaching organization design is the plan and blueprint of classroom teaching, the premise of effective teaching, and the hub of transforming abstract teaching ideas into concrete teaching operations. [2] It plays a very important role in enhancing teaching pertinence and improving classroom effectiveness. Fine organizational design can best reflect the ability of teachers to control the whole class, which is the key to good ideological and political courses and excellent courses. Specific to a class, the first is the overall framework design. It is necessary to sort out the train of thought, arrange the whole course structure reasonably, and the content and time are roughly the same, so as to avoid the imbalance of light and heavy and improper details as far as possible; Second, content-driven design. Where to convince people with the power of truth, where to infect people with feelings, where to give examples, where to emphasize on the blackboard and so on. All these must be carefully designed and arranged; Third, the classroom design highlights. Classroom highlights are the places that can most impress students, stimulate their enthusiasm for learning, inspire students to think independently and adjust the active classroom atmosphere in a class. Suspense questioning, group discussion, video infection and case analysis are all good methods to design highlights. Fourth, the beginning and end design. The beginning and end of a class are very important. At the beginning, we should be able to quickly grasp the attraction of students and highly summarize the content. Make the finishing point at the end, leaving endless aftertaste and thinking for students; Fifth, logic transfer design. We should firmly grasp the internal logical relationship of classroom content, pay attention to passing on from generation to generation, and make teaching a coherent, progressive, rich and rigorous whole.
When organizing and designing classroom teaching, we should pay attention to handling three pairs of relationships: first, the relationship between theoretical teaching and inspiration interaction. Vivid and rigorous theoretical teaching and persuasive inspiring interaction are two important components of ideological and political course, and they are indispensable. For the ideological and political course, it is not only necessary but also necessary to clarify the concepts and principles and enrich the theoretical accumulation of students. However, the ideological and political course should not only be a one-way lecture for teachers to preach the truth, but also an open platform for interaction between teachers and students. It is not appropriate to emphasize teaching over interaction, to focus on theory for the sake of theory, and to emphasize interaction over teaching, just to make the classroom "lively"; The second is the relationship between multimedia teaching methods and classroom expression. The relationship between multimedia teaching and classroom presentation is auxiliary and subjective. Multimedia mainly plays the role of outlining and supplementing explanations, not too much, too frequent and too full, and often pretends to be the host too much. The third is the relationship between theoretical viewpoints and case descriptions. Theoretical teaching needs appropriate use cases, which must closely support the ideas and problems to be expressed, and the cited cases must be true, representative, typical and vivid.
Fourth, the carrier: the language is refined and clear.
The basic carrier of ideological and political teaching is language. Nowadays, we advocate the diversification of teaching methods, such as case study and scenario simulation. But these methods are inseparable from the continuous infiltration of language. The level of language use ability is an important factor affecting the quality of ideological and political classroom. First of all, the language should be used properly. Only by using proper language can we attract students' attention in class. There are roughly three languages used in human society, namely, official language, daily life language and academic language. [3] Generally speaking, teachers have more choices, and academic language is more successful, supplemented by official language and daily life language. This choice can make the teaching language not only show rationality and standardization, but also show certain popularity, emotion and vitality. Secondly, language should be both popular and artistic. Most of the preparation materials for ideological and political courses are written language. Therefore, as a teacher, you need to have the ability to transform written language into concise, clear and vivid spoken language, and explain it in a pleasant and thoughtful way, so as to popularize complex problems and simplify profound problems. Through proper speech speed, orderly rhythm, cadence and harmonious explanation, we should turn silent words into affectionate notes, impress and infect students with passion, give them audio-visual shock and arouse their resonance. In particular, some contents that are difficult to express clearly should be processed into some symmetrical, antithetical, appropriate and attractive fluent languages through special treatment, so as to achieve the effect of expressing clearly, refining accurately, full of charm and strong impact. Third, classroom language should be a bit funny and humorous. Humor is a language with puns in two situations. The language running in a serious situation suddenly enters another funny situation because of puns, which arouses the audience's nervous excitement. Humor cannot be achieved without attracting people into it. There are also some excessive antics that will bring negative effects. Therefore, humorous language should be paved, measured, timed and rhythmic. Humorous language can stimulate thinking and improve attention. Once it breaks out at a certain time, students can gain knowledge in happiness and bring positive teaching results.
refer to
[1] Wang Guixian, Tian. "Learning" and the improvement of teachers' quality in ideological and political theory courses [J]. Research on Ideological and Political Education, 20 1 1(5):77-79.
[2] Liu Liquan, Yan Huang, Zhang Hongming. On the basic links and key points of teaching design of ideological and political theory course [J]. Ideological and theoretical education guide, 2009 (4): 98-10/.
[3] Tang. Some experiences in the selection of excellent courses [n]. Study times, 2011-10-24 (14).
[Editor: Pang Da]