Question 2: What does "ten virtues of tea" mean? Liu Liang Zhen cha de
At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Liu proposed ten virtues of drinking tea in the article "Ten Virtues of Tea":
Relieve depression with tea;
Drive sleep with tea;
Nourish life with tea;
Eliminate evil with tea;
Li ren uses tea;
Show respect with tea;
Taste with tea;
Nourish the body with tea;
Tea is feasible;
Kayazhi and tea.
Including people's moral cultivation, and extended to the respect of interpersonal relationships. After China's concept of cha de was introduced to Japan and Korea in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it had a great influence and developed.
Question 3: write more than 400 words in Chinese. 1. The moral function of China traditional culture.
China's traditional ethical culture is extensive and profound, with many moral norms; Has the virtue of rich practical ethics; How to realize the moral education thought of moral society; There is a unique way of self-cultivation in China culture; There are moral sayings, theories and so on.
China's traditional ethics first appeared in the Yao and Shun era at the end of primitive society. In Yao Dian, there are expressions of pro-nine families, harmony and all nations. The words such as courtesy, virtue and filial piety in Oracle Bone Inscriptions of Yin Ruins indicate that the Shang Dynasty had a preliminary moral standard, and the so-called Liu De appeared, that is, knowledge, benevolence, holiness, righteousness, loyalty and harmony.
In the pre-Qin period, a hundred schools of thought contended, and Confucius put forward the ethical and moral system of benevolence. Guanzi put forward a four-dimensional concept of governing the country with ceremony as the center, Mozi put forward an ethical concept of mutual love, and Laozi put forward a concept of inaction and purity of man, earth, heaven, heaven and Tao. It can be said to be an ethical and political proposition.
On the basis of benevolence, Mencius highlighted righteousness, believed that human nature is good, and put forward the four virtues theory that human beings have four limbs and four ends: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. Xunzi thinks that human nature is evil, so he emphasizes the function of ceremony. In the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu systematically put forward the ethical and political views of the Three Cardinal Principles and the Five Permanent Principles, emphasizing the concept of heaven and man's unity and empathy. After the reflection of metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties and the edification of Buddhism in Sui and Tang Dynasties, in the Song and Ming Dynasties, Taoism advocated preserving righteousness and destroying human desires, which was embodied in ethics and morality and put forward eight virtues. It can be said that the pursuit of the ideal realm of harmony between man and nature is endless, and its repeated emphasis is on the concept of governing the country based on humanistic morality, politics and ethics. Self-discipline, sincerity, self-cultivation, five permanent members and eight virtues are the inner saints, and governing the family and the country from outside is the king. As far as individuals are concerned, we should be virtuous, make contributions to social values, and stand up for our thoughts and beliefs.
China culture has lasted for thousands of years without being cut off. Who can completely deny its value? As the famous historian Mr. Chen Yinque said: China's ancient philosophy and aesthetics were not as developed as the West. In the pre-Qin period, China was good at practical ethics, paying attention to application and not assiduously pursuing its metaphysical problems.
In The Possible Contribution of China Culture to the Future, Mr. Qian Mu said: The theory of harmony between man and nature is the greatest contribution of China culture to mankind. ..... China people see the harmony between man and nature. China people believe that fate is revealed in life. Without life, you can never talk about fate. Without destiny, you will never talk about life. Therefore, the ancients in China believed that the noblest and greatest thing about life and destiny was that they could be combined into one.
So where is the idea of harmony between man and nature reflected? It is manifested in endless ethical and political thoughts of ruling by virtue; It is also manifested in the pursuit of virtue as a saint and individual moral self-discipline.
Second, the characteristics of China traditional culture
1. China's traditional culture has a long history, showing strong vitality and inclusiveness.
The inclusiveness of China's traditional culture lies in the fact that China culture itself is a multi-ethnic cultural community, and its anti-seismic ability cannot be separated from its own cultural assimilation and cohesion. In the development of thousands of years, China culture has withstood foreign aggression. There is a strange phenomenon that the conquerors conquered the land, but they were conquered by China culture. This shows that China culture has strong earthquake resistance and assimilation. This can be seen from the invasion of foreign countries in past dynasties.
As a German scholar Bingler said: China is not so much a political entity as a civilized entity-the only civilization that has survived to this day. Kong (surname) ... >>
Question 4: There is an idiom about the ten virtues of bamboo. Bamboo is a symbol of a gentleman and has the following ten virtues:
Bamboo is straight, unyielding and straight; Although bamboo has bamboo joints, it does not stop, and it is called endeavor;
Straight outside the bamboo, if in the valley, it is ethereal; Bamboo has flowers buried deep, plain and unpretentious;
Zhuhua lives and dies without regret. Bamboo, jade and bamboo stand upright in the wind.
Although bamboo is excellent, it is not so loose and is a good group; Bamboo is still a stone nail before it is made into a device, which is firm;
Bamboo became Jeff, and Su Wu defended it, saying it was ethical; Bamboo has been handed down from generation to generation, working hard and complaining, saying that it is responsible.
The unity of ten virtues-extraordinary and refined.
Question 5: After reading the second volume of Grade Four, how to write Ten Virtues of China and the thought of Chinese studies?
The excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation is the vitality and soul of the Chinese nation, covering not only the world outlook, values, ethics and creativity, but also the knowledge system and lifestyle. In the process of promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and realizing the Chinese dream, we will vigorously promote the education of Chinese studies, vigorously carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the nation, and deeply cast the power of culture into the vitality, cohesion and creativity of the nation, thus forming a strong cultural support, so that the Chinese nation can stand up its own backbone, persevere, unite as one, work hard and forge ahead!
To practice loyalty, we should be loyal to patriotism, loyalty to duty, loyalty to family, and loyalty to patriotism as the core. To practice filial piety, we should be filial to our relatives, be kind to our relatives and friends, respect teachers and respect morality, and take filial piety as the core. To practice benevolence, we should be kind and compassionate, kind and helpful, kind and tolerant, with kindness and compassion as the core. To cultivate wisdom and virtue, we should distinguish right from wrong, Xiu De and Xiu De, seek truth from facts, learn not to bully, learn to aspire, learn to be noble and constant, and distinguish right from wrong with Xiu De and Xiu De as the core.
Practice faith, be honest and trustworthy, trust each other, have self-esteem and self-confidence, and take honesty and trustworthiness as the core. To practice etiquette, we should abide by the etiquette system, stress comity, understand etiquette, and take the etiquette system as the core.
To practice benevolence, righteousness and morality, we should clearly distinguish between righteousness and benefit, self-denial and public interests, preach justice, sacrifice oneself for righteousness, repay virtue with kindness, and focus on distinguishing righteousness and benefit, self-denial and public interests. Practice thrift, be diligent and thrifty, and take diligence and dedication as the core. To practice bravery, we should be self-reliant, brave and tenacious, be brave in taking responsibility, be brave in innovation and change, and take self-reliance and courage and tenacity as the core. To practice honesty and morality, we should know honesty and shame, abstain from greed and extravagance, enjoy it, and correct our mistakes. From the beginning, we should be cautious and cautious, with honesty and shame and greed as the core.
As future successors, we should practice the virtues of loyalty, faith and righteousness and inherit the excellent culture of the Chinese nation!
Question 6: What are the tea ceremony rules about the influence of tea culture on education in 1980s?
Tea ceremony should follow certain rules. In order to defeat Jiu Nan in the Tang Dynasty, it was made, divided, utensils, fire, water, roasted, chopped, boiled and drunk. Tea was tasted at three o'clock in the Song Dynasty, and the "three o'clock" at three o'clock was a combination of fresh tea, fresh spring and clean utensils. The weather was fine and the guests were like-minded. On the contrary, it is "three points". The Ming dynasty is thirteen clothes and seven taboos. "Thirteen Appropriate" refers to having nothing to do, two guests, three sitting alone, four reciting poems, five waving hands, six wandering, seven sleeping, eight waiting to wake up, nine offering sacrifices, ten quiet houses, eleven knowing, twelve appreciating and thirteen reading; The "seven taboos" are once for the law, twice for the evil, three subjects and objects are not rhyme, four crowns and clothes are harsh, five meats and five vegetarian dishes, six busy and redundant, and the desk between seven walls is even more boring. Edit this paragraph of the presentation and return to the table of contents.
There are two specific forms of tea ceremony in China. 1 decoct tea. Put the tea powder into the pot and add water to boil. Boiling tea in Tang Dynasty was the earliest art form of tea tasting. 2 fight tea. Ancient literati each carried tea and water, and judged the quality of tea by comparing tea noodles with soup flowers and tasting tea soup. Doucha, also known as Doucha, flourished in the late Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. It was first popular in Jianzhou, Fujian. Fighting tea is the highest expression of ancient tea tasting art, and its ultimate goal is to taste tea, especially to absorb the soup flowers on the tea surface. Finally, tea drinkers must taste the tea soup, so that the color, fragrance and taste are all good, which is the final victory of the tea war. ③ congou tea. Kung fu tea, popular in some areas since the Qing Dynasty, is the charm of tea tasting art since the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, congou tea was popular in Tingzhou, Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Chaozhou, Guangdong. Kung fu tea pays attention to drinking time. There are two kinds of drinking congou: self-frying and self-tasting, and entertaining guests, especially guests. The editor of tea ceremony history returns to the catalogue.
Although the word "tea ceremony" has a history of more than 1000 years since the Tang Dynasty, there is no such entry in Xinhua Dictionary, Cihai and Etymology. Tea ceremony belongs to oriental culture. The difference between eastern culture and western culture is that eastern culture often has no scientific and accurate definition, but relies on individuals to approach it and understand it with their own understanding. As early as the Tang Dynasty in China, the word "tea ceremony" came into being. For example, in Feng Shiwen Ji Jian, "Tea ceremony is popular because of the extensive embellishment of Hung-chien's theory." In the Tang Dynasty, Liu also clearly stated in "Ten Virtues of Drinking Tea": "Tea is feasible and tea is Kaya's ambition." Tea ceremony originated in China. At least before or during the Tang Dynasty, people in China first regarded tea as a way to cultivate one's morality. In the "Feng Ji" in the Tang Dynasty, there is such a record: "The tea ceremony is so prosperous that all princes and ministers drink it." This is the earliest record of tea ceremony in existing literature. In the monasteries of the Tang Dynasty, monks chanted sutras and meditated, all drinking tea, clearing their hearts and nourishing their spirits. At that time, tea banquets were very popular in society. In civilized and elegant social activities, the host and guest enjoy tea, enjoy the scenery and express their feelings. Tang Lvwen vividly described the elegant atmosphere of the tea banquet and the wonderful charm of tea tasting in the preface to the tea banquet on March 3. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people were very particular about the environment, etiquette and operation of drinking tea. According to the agreed rules and ceremonies, tea banquets are divided into palace tea banquets, temple tea banquets and literati tea banquets. I also have a deep understanding of the self-cultivation function of tea. Song Huizong Evonne is a tea lover. He believes that the fragrance and taste of tea can make people carefree, quiet and interesting: "If tea is a thing, it is good at the delicacy of Fujian, the spirit of Zhongshan and the spirit of Sichuan. If it is clear and harmonious, it will not be known to young people." In the second year of Shaoxi in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 19 1), Japanese monk Yung-hee brought tea seeds back to Japan for the first time from China, and Japan began to grow tea again. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1259), Zen Master Zhaoming from Nanpu, Japan, came to Jingshan Temple in Yuhang County, Zhejiang Province, China, where he studied tea ceremony, introduced China's tea ceremony to Japan for the first time, and became the earliest disseminator of China's tea ceremony in Japan. Japan's "Research on Famous Objects" clearly records this: "Since the tea ceremony, Nanpu Zhaoming, the first mountain of Chongfu Temple built by Zheng Yuan, was introduced from Song Dynasty." Japan's "Biography of the Monk" also describes: "Nanpu Zhaoming returned from the Song Dynasty and brought tea tables and tea props to Chongfu Temple. It was not until Toyotomi Hideyoshi's time (A.D. 1536 ~ 1598, which was equivalent to the middle and late Ming Dynasty in China) that Morino became a monk of Japanese tea ceremony, he held high the banner of "tea ceremony" and summed up four principles of tea ceremony: "harmony, respect, purity and silence". Obviously, this basic theory was influenced by the essence of China Tea Ceremony and formed its ceremony. The tea ceremony in China is hundreds or even thousands of years earlier than that in Japan, but it still exists ...
Question 7: The Significance of "On Returning to Zhongnanshan at the End of the Year" is a poem by Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion, expressing a feeling of resentment. The two notes in the first couplet show that he no longer pursues official career and retreats to Nanshan; Turn around and say a few words, expressing the feeling of incompetence; Write two sentences about scenery, sighing for wasting your time, and your ambition is hard to pay; The last two sentences illustrate the feelings of sadness, loneliness and emptiness. The poem is rich in language, layered, profound in style and full of charm.
Year end: year end. Nanshan: In Tang poetry, Nanshan is often used to refer to seclusion. This refers to the author's hometown.
Question 8: What does Lin mean? 5 fen ㄌㄧㄣ @
Lín, noun.
Zheng code: FFVV, u: 6797, gbk: c 1d6.
Wubi font input: ss, ssy
Number of strokes: 8, radical: wood, number of strokes: 1234 123.
[Edit this paragraph] The original meaning of Chinese characters
Lin is a knowing word. From Ermu. This means there are many trees. Original meaning: overgrown trees or bamboo.
[Edit this paragraph] The word Lin in ancient poetry
Forests, there are clumps of trees and forests on the flat land. -Shuo Wen
"Two ya? Shi Di said: Pasturing is called wild. "The wilderness is called the forest. It's called Linwai S. " (Excerpted from Terry Evevol's [Preliminary Study on Interpretation of Ancient Books])
There are cranes in the forest. -"Poetry? Xiaoya? all sorts of flowers
At the foot of every big forest. -Zhou Li? Sheriff? Preface officer? Lin Heng
Note: "Bamboo and wood are called forests all their lives."
There are many trees in the mountains. Lin, people. -"Explanation of name"
Suddenly I met the peach blossom forest and grabbed the shore for hundreds of steps. Kim? Peach Blossom Garden in Tao Qian
Peek into the forest. -"The Donkey of Guizhou"
Lin is ranked among the top 100 surnames 147.
The latest ranking of 100 surnames 16.
[Edit this paragraph] The explanation of the word Lin
1, the original meaning, recognizes the word. From Ermu. This means there are many trees. Original meaning: overgrown trees or bamboo.
For example:
Bamboo and wood forest; Mountain forest (where there are mountains and Woods);
Deep mountains and old forests; Shelterbelt; Forest waterfall (forest, jungle);
Lin Lang (Lin Lang, Lin Lang, Lin Lang. Jungle);
Foothills (forests and foothills);
Nymphs (trees and spring stones);
Forest fault (trees in the forest are interlaced and described as numerous).
2, refers to the wild or retirement place.
Such as: returning home with clothes, full of old forests. -Zhang said that "the shooter follows the servant of Wei."
Another example: the forest (referring to Shan Ye's retreat); People under the forest (retirees) forest (refers to the land of retirees); Lin Qiu (refers to a secluded place)
3. refers to the gathering of people or things.
For example, scholars have these five things, and then they can entrust them to the world and be included in the forest of gentlemen. -Sima Qian's letter to Ren An.
Another example is:
Fu Lin (a place with many things);
Qi Lin (figuratively speaking, a place where things gather)
4, suburbs, wild.
Such as: Lin s (China. The field is called Lin, and the outside is called Dong).
5. Forestry.
Such as: agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
6, many looks.
For example:
The forest is full of people. Everything is mature, there are many kinds. Baihuguan
However, the beginning of life is always born. -Liu Zongyuan's Zhen Fu.
Another example is:
Ringo (as many as the forest. Many words);
There are many trees (standing as dense as a forest, describing a large number)
7. Last name.
[Edit this paragraph] Lin surname
Lin was originally from the Shang Dynasty.
3/kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, Zhou Wang, a tyrant of Shang Dynasty, was bewitched by his beloved da ji. He once gave him a terrible punishment than his loyal father who didn't give advice for three days. As a result, Zhou Wang not only lost one of his most loyal ministers, but also killed his elders' disregard for human relations and atrocities, resulting in the abandonment of heaven and man, which eventually accelerated the collapse of Shang Dynasty. According to later scholars' research, Bi Gan, a loyal minister who died of Zhou Wang's heart abuse, was the ancestor of Lin Wanwan, Qian Qian.
About this origin, there are positive and detailed records in many ancient books. For example, the History of Taoism says: "Yin Biganzi took refuge in the mountain of Changlin because of his family"; "Compilation of Surnames" pointed out: "After Yin Taiding, Prince Bigan was killed by Zhou, and his son resolutely fled Changlin Mountain, hence the surname Lin. Lu Fang, disciple. " Zuo Zhuan contains historical records of Lin Yong, Lin Bukui, Lin Chu and Dai, and Zuo Zhuan says that Lin Chu's first place is the goodness of Ji.
Another Preface to the Compilation of Jin 'an Genealogy also pointed out: "Lin gave birth to his son, and Yin died after being remonstrated. His son fled to Changlin, gave his surname Lin, ate in Boling, and lived in Zhou, Lu, Qi and Wei. During the Warring States Period, people in Zhao's position began to live in Jiumen (now Hebei Province). Qin and Zhao merged and moved to Qixian and Zouxian (both in present-day Shandong Province). Han settled in Sanqin, divided into Zouxian and set up Jinan, so he was a native of Jinan. Followed by Xiapi (now Jiangsu Province)
Based on the above three documents, the context of Lin is very clear. They are descendants of Shang Tang, an ancient sage. The direct ancestor of Shang Tang is Shao Shi Bigen, who was killed by Zhou Wang in 1 123 BC. Bi Gan is the son of Shang Emperor Taiding, and he is a brother with his father Taiyi, so he should be Zhou Wang's uncle. When he arrived, he was punished for his advice when it was most unpleasant ... >>
Question 9: I urgently ask the translator to help me translate into English, and I kneel down to thank you ~ 15 Xiang Shide: Xiang Shide.
Emotional ghosts and gods
Can brush away dirt: washing is important
Making friends in silence: where to make friends in silence
Stealing time in the dust: dust is engaged in.
Be tireless: be tireless.
Too little is enough: the king changes his feet
Immortality hidden for a long time: immovability hidden for a long time
Commonly used: only for cleaning.
Question 10: urgent ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~! ! ! On the Construction of Accounting Professional Ethics
The professional ethics of accountants is related to the implementation of national financial laws and regulations, the maintenance of economic order and the promotion of economic development. Strengthening the construction of accounting professional ethics is a very urgent and important task before us. This paper discusses the ways and requirements of promoting the construction of accounting professional ethics around the ten virtues of accounting personnel.
Keywords: accounting profession; Professional ethics; Shide construction
A person with incomplete knowledge can make up for it with morality, but a person with incomplete morality can hardly make up for it with knowledge. Accounting ethics is the concrete embodiment of general social morality in accounting professional behavior activities, and it is a social norm that guides and restricts accounting behavior and adjusts the relationship between accountants and society, different interest groups and accountants. The professional ethics of accountants is related to the implementation of national financial laws and regulations, the maintenance of economic order and the promotion of economic development. Under the condition of market economy, accounting is the center of multiple stakeholders and shoulders the arduous task of handling the interests of all parties objectively and fairly. Managers of many enterprises often lose their rationality, and express or imply that accountants cheat in order to maximize the wealth and profits of enterprises. In this case, if the accountant's professional ethics level is not high and he succumbs to the manager's wishes, it is easy to make false accounts. In addition, some accountants have shaken their faith, poor sense of responsibility, moral anomie, lack of integrity, abuse power for personal gain, violate the law and discipline, and embarked on the road of corruption crimes. Therefore, strengthening the construction of accounting professional ethics is a very urgent and significant task before us. The author thinks that the construction of accounting professional ethics should be promoted from the following ten aspects.
First, strengthen ideals and beliefs and establish moral values.
Ideals and beliefs are the foundation of being a man and the soul of moral construction. Whether our ideals and beliefs are firm or not is directly related to whether we can understand the society from a scientific perspective, treat life with a healthy attitude, and regulate behavior with correct norms. Accountants must firmly establish Marxist world outlook, outlook on life and values, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, unify their thinking, arm their minds and emancipate their minds with scientific theories, closely combine lofty communist ideals with their own work, respect their jobs, establish their own professional ideals, and advocate the spirit of seeking truth from facts, being brave in innovation and advancing with the times. They should not only spur themselves with lofty ideological and moral requirements, but also do their own work well. Handle daily accounting affairs with a realistic, objective and fair working attitude, adhere to principles, be unaffected by others, treat all stakeholders fairly, correctly handle the interests of the state, the collective and the individual, and manage finances well.
Second, keep in mind the accounting standards to be ethical.
"Honesty-oriented, morality-oriented, law-abiding and not making false accounts" is the requirement of Premier Zhu Rongji for accounting work, and it is also the basic professional ethics and code of conduct for accountants. The fundamental requirement of accounting work is a true word, and accounting data is required to be true, reliable and credible, and fraud is not allowed. True and reliable accounting information is the basis of scientific management and macroeconomic decision-making of enterprises; False accounting information will inevitably lead to decision-making mistakes and economic disorder. Known as the father of modern accounting in China, Mr. Pan Xulun advocates the faith-based determination, faith-based health care, faith-based life, faith-based treatment and the accounting spirit of keeping faith. He believes that building trust is an important standard for being a man and the most fundamental professional ethics for accountants to settle down. He regards credit as the lifeline of accounting, and establishing trust is the basis of accounting. Without credit, there is no accountant. If a person loses his credit, he will cheat, practise favoritism and even lose his reputation. What is more serious is that he will harm others and himself, causing immeasurable losses to society and the country. Therefore, as an accountant, we should always maintain a good reputation and be responsible for our own actions. We must never lose our moral integrity for our own interests and immediate interests, keep our word, keep our faith as jade, deepen our understanding of moral connotation and requirements in accounting practice, conscientiously implement moral norms, and constantly precipitate moral strength, and strive to become an accountant with both profound accounting skills and noble moral sentiments.
Three. Reinforcement ... >>