In ancient times, "bamboo slips and silk books" were rare and precious. Confucius read Zhouyi in his later years and read it again and again. I don't know how many times he read it, so that the leather belt of bamboo slips is broken. "Bian Wei's Three Musts" is not only a sign of hard work, but also shows how difficult it was to study at that time.
Before the popularization of printing, although the production cost of books was reduced by using paper and brush, the formation of books still depended on copying. Even in the Ming dynasty, printing was popular, and some poor children still had to copy manuscripts by hand.
Song Lian, a writer in Ming Dynasty, was eager to learn when he was a child, but his family was poor. In order to study, he often borrows books from the library, "taking notes by hand and remembering the date". In the cold winter, the ink in the inkstone is stiff, and my fingers are too cold to bend and dare not slack off. Run to return the book after copying, so as not to be overdue and leave the impression of breaking your word. So, people borrowed more books from him, and he was able to read all the books and then make a difference.
From this point of view, in ancient times with bad conditions, books were hard to get, and reading was hard to get. As far as reading is concerned, we are much happier today than the ancients.
Wang Zhu, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, said that everything is inferior, and only reading is high. Many times, reading is utilitarian. In ancient times, reading was mostly for official career. Once it came, the apprentice was just around the corner. As Du Fu said, wealth must come from hard work, and men must read the Five Classics. It can be seen that reading is for wealth and a way of life. Even today in the 2 1 century, the purpose of reading is to change fate. Especially for people from poor families, the college entrance examination is a qualitative change of carp yue longmen, and 985/2 1 1 is a prerequisite for being on an equal footing with the lucky ones who won at the starting line at birth. Of course, "reading" here refers to receiving education, not simply reading.
What is the significance of reading without considering utilitarianism? Reading is the way and shortcut to know and understand the world. Books are the condensation of human wisdom, reflecting the objective world and soaking the author's views on the objective world. Therefore, reading is a way to know the world, and the author's point of view can help us know the world and understand "why".
In the vast world, all sentient beings, even with the wish of "the world is too big, I want to see it", can't see all the flowers and plants by themselves. Books are a shortcut to help us overlook the world. "Other mountains are short under the sky." . We can learn, discover, experience and comprehend from other people's reports, so as to broaden our horizons, increase our knowledge and get rid of the shallowness of the frog in the well and the resulting stubbornness and prejudice.
Kant, a German philosopher, stayed in a small town all his life, which did not prevent him from writing books and becoming a wise man, because everything he saw and heard and his understanding of the world came from books.
Cang Kejia said, "Reading a good book is like making a close friend." He will tell you all kinds of new anecdotes from all over the world and instill his experience into you word for word. From between his lines, he can learn a lot, know a lot of things that he has never touched before, and then turn them into his own cognition. This is a simple way to remove the label of "hillbilly".
Reading can "broaden the feelings" of a good book, which is bound to give the author real and profound feelings.
Reading Cao Xueqin, we can see the great changes in life and the constant infatuation; Reading Shen Fu, we can see the simple love between Shen Fu and Chen Yun, and we can also feel his floating life after his separation from his wife and children. Reading Yu Dafu, we can realize the young people's cry for personality liberation and sympathy for the unfortunate bottom people in that period.
Appreciate all kinds of feelings in reading, there are moments of empathy, moments of surprise and taking for granted, thus enriching emotions and expanding life experience. When you encounter emotional confusion similar to that mentioned in the book, you will be normal and calm.
Reading can improve one's accomplishment. Reading more will make a person's temperament look brand-new. Maybe it's not bookish, but it's the self-restraint and intellectual connotation carved in the bones and emitted from the inside out, which is obviously different from the emptiness and vulgarity of painting and relying on external packaging.
You in the crowd must have become a unique and beautiful scenery because of the nourishment of books. Everyone looks at you.
Reading can relieve loneliness and enrich people. Reading is a communication with the author, and thinking secretly is a dialogue with yourself.
Therefore, no matter how bleak and lonely the situation is, as long as there is a book in your hand and a book in your heart, there will be no trouble and no loneliness. It is reading that gives us the endurance to resist loneliness.
Reading can make us live a better life. There are all kinds of stories in the book, some are happy and some are sad. There are places and lessons worth learning, telling us what is right, what is wrong, what should be done and what should not be done.
In a word, books provide us with a reference and a beacon of life, which can guide us to live a better life, with more happiness and less regret. This is what books teach us.
Knowing the meaning of reading, let's look at the sentence "Your problem is mainly reading too little and thinking too much".
"Thinking too much" has two meanings.
First, "thinking too much" means thinking too much about some important issues, such as life planning, development direction, how to live a better life, how to live high, and how to reflect your own value. However, due to too little reading, insufficient nutrients absorbed from wise men and sages, and incomplete understanding of the world, it is difficult to find solutions and reference objects due to the narrow world, thus giving birth to many puzzles. Maybe he can find the answers to his puzzles in books, but if he doesn't read much, those puzzles won't be solved easily. We often hear the phrase "I don't read much, so don't lie to me", which is actually the reverse expression that reading can increase your knowledge.
Second, "thinking too much" refers to meaningless thoughts. Busy is a good medicine for melodrama and paranoia, while idle is easy for melodrama and paranoia. Reading can stop those meaningless thoughts, because you can't read other people's stories and indulge in them at the same time. But reading too little, those ideas can not be replaced or transferred, and a series of problems come out.
Learning to read correctly is a good thing, but improper methods can also become a bad thing. There are many kinds of books now, so you should choose carefully when reading. If you don't pay attention, you may be biased by worthless books. I had such an experience, and it was really painful, and it was too late to regret it.
So, how to read correctly?
I think, first of all, reading a recognized good book, since it is "recognized", the wisdom in it must be universal and inspiring. At this time, it is right to follow the crowd. Secondly, read books that interest you. Interest is the best teacher. You will take the initiative to jump into the sea of books without external supervision, so the efficiency and significance of reading will be obvious. Just like a good appetite, it can be digested and absorbed automatically without the help of Xiaoshi tablets and become a part of itself. Finally, it is better to read one book intensively than to read ten books extensively. There is a saying in Laozi: "Listen more and count less as poor, don't stay in the middle." It means that it's meaningless to listen too much. Better stop. This sentence is used in reading, that is, extensive reading is not as good as intensive reading, otherwise it is useless and a waste of time, and wasting time is equal to chronic suicide.
However, there are famous sayings that teach us to study hard, and there are also famous sayings that warn us to stay away from books and not to be misled by them.
Lisa Schwartz said: "reading more books is like being trapped in a cocoon. If you don't believe it, you will open your mind and body." We must always be on guard against other people's ideas interfering with our own smooth thinking. "
Einstein said: "After a certain age, reading too much will affect creativity."
Yes, when studying, we took the road paved by the author. It is up to the author to decide where to turn and change lanes. At this time, we don't have our own ideas, and the author of the book is dumping at us everywhere. In the long run, the brain will become lazy and lose the motivation to think, because since you can easily get ready-made ideas, there is no need to bother to think about them yourself. In this way, reading is not only a bad thing, but also a resistance to our independent thinking.
What I want to say is that reading is ok, and at the same time, you should be skeptical. When reading, you should not only accept the views in the book with an open mind, but also have your own views.
Philosopher Feng Youlan's reading experience is: "Choose carefully, explain what he says, know what he means, and understand why." Among them, "understanding truth" means having your own truth when reading, and not being misled by the "truth" in the book. Comparing your own "theory" with the "theory" in the book, you can learn from each other and correct each other, so as to get a more correct "theory" and apply it to your real life to help you solve problems. This is what you learned. The book should be used by me, not by me.
In addition, books are not a master key, and they cannot solve all problems. "It's too shallow to talk on paper. If you know it, do it."
To study in thousands of books, you should also take the Wan Li Road. Some things can't be solved by reading alone. We should find the truth in practice and find ways to solve problems that books can't solve.
Only by combining reading with practice can we handle our troubles with ease.
Reading is for better thinking, and learning to read correctly can broaden people's minds. Thinking can be started from multiple angles, with more possibilities, less effort, less conformity and no independent opinions.
"Reading too little, thinking too much" can also be said to be reading too little, so thinking too much is not thoughtful. "Thinking too much" is more anxiety, confusion and entanglement when you can't find a solution.
Learning is for application, and reading is for better thinking.