At present, the probability of children suffering from chronic diseases is gradually increasing, so we must carefully observe and treat these chronic diseases. The following is an article about the health management of children's chronic diseases, hoping to help everyone!
What is a chronic disease in children?
Children's chronic diseases include childhood obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and type II diabetes. The main cause of children's chronic diseases is the intake of foods with high fat content, such as fat, fried food and chocolate. Excessive intake of high cholesterol foods such as liver, intestine and brain. Excessive intake of sugary drinks, such as carbonated drinks, fruity drinks and milk tea, are found in the ingredient list of most drinks on the market? Sugar? . Because children's self-control ability is not enough and adults' unreasonable doting, the number of children suffering from chronic diseases is increasing. So it is imperative to manage children's health.
What is child health management?
Children's health management refers to the interaction with children, parents, kindergartens, schools and society, led by children's health management experts, with the participation of pediatricians, children's health care experts, children's psychologists and children's education experts. Through the investigation and supervision of children's physique, neuropsychological development, lifestyle, behavior habits and psychological state, in view of children's sub-health and unhealthy life and behavior habits, timely discover and put forward personalized and all-round children's health plan. It mainly includes three aspects: physical development management, chronic sub-health management and early childhood development management.
First of all, children are changing every day, so physical development management is the most basic. Parents can draw growth curves (including head circumference curve, weight curve, height curve and body mass index curve) for their children at home; Participate in regular health check-ups and record diet, defecation, activity and sleep. It is recorded in detail in the child's personal file. Secondly, many adults' chronic diseases develop from children. For example, 30%~40% of childhood obesity will develop into adult obesity, and at least 30% of adult asthma will start from children.
Is it necessary to manage children's health?
First, the current social environment is very complicated. Air pollution, water pollution, etc. Affect the children first.
Second, the living standard has been greatly improved, and all kinds of foreign fast food have entered China. There are fewer and fewer malnourished children, but more and more chubby children.
Third, all kinds of parenting information make parents feel at a loss, misunderstand a lot, and easily walk into a dead end, thus affecting their physical and mental development.
According to the Blue Book of Nutrition and Health for Children and Adolescents in China, 64. 15~ 17 years old children in China suffer from metabolic syndrome. According to the report of WHO Cooperative Center for Children's Health, the average lead poisoning rate of children aged 0-6 years in 15 cities in China is 10.45%.
Beijing released "20 14 Annual Report on Health and Population Health in Beijing". The data shows that the obesity detection rate of primary and middle school students in Beijing is 15.6%, which is 2.6% higher than last year. Studies have shown that obesity is an important risk factor for children and adolescents to suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Some obese students have shown serious signs of chronic diseases, and chronic diseases are showing a trend of younger age.
These data suggest that the early prevention of adolescent diseases is of far-reaching significance to improve the health level of the whole people, and we should start with lifestyle such as diet and physical exercise to reduce the risk factors of chronic diseases.
The United States, Germany, Sweden, Japan and other developed countries have incorporated children's development strategies into their national budgets. For example, in foreign countries, many parents have established health records for their children since their children were 0 years old, and families with conditions will do a comprehensive examination for their children every year and record them in the files. In China, children usually have a simple physical examination before entering school or colleges. Some diseases are often not found in time, and the best opportunity for prevention and treatment is missed.
How to manage children?
Develop good eating habits in early childhood, preschool and adolescence. Especially through the window of opportunity of nutrition intervention, it is helpful to study children's dietary psychology, reasonably mix and cook food, maintain a healthy eating environment and prevent adult chronic diseases. The appearance of food should pay attention to delicious taste, distinct colors, regular graphics and knives, and mild cooking. Instruct parents to reasonably mix five nutrients, namely protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals and vitamins, so as to provide basis for the nutritional growth and development of children in China.
In addition to nutrition, children's awareness of health care should be strengthened. Babies aged 0 ~ 3 years generally have detailed community health care projects, and there is no need to add too many extra tests. We can appropriately increase the detection of bone mineralization and sports, language and intellectual development.
From the age of 3, if you have the conditions at home, you can do these kinds of tests regularly every year: biochemical five, 25- hydroxyvitamin D, abdominal B-ultrasound, electrocardiogram and intellectual development; At this age, the health care of eyesight, mouth and facial features is also very important.
Many children will do blood routine after catching a cold and having a fever, but stool routine and urine routine are rarely done. These three routines are best done every year, which are basically non-invasive and can find problems in time.
For girls aged 7- 13, on the basis of keeping the routine physical examination every year, it is best to increase the B-ultrasound examination of abdominal uterus and ovary, and also pay attention to the iron nutrition status and serum ferritin level, because girls at this stage are gradually in adolescence, and they need to pay attention to the ovarian status and iron reserve status due to the changes of hormone levels in the body.
In addition, parents should add some items according to their children's actual situation. For example, children who are prone to recurrent respiratory infections can increase the examination of immune function, and children who are very short or obese should be examined from the aspects of nutrition and metabolism.
Children's health management begins before the child is born, and this process continues until the end of adolescence. The target population should be 0-2 1 year, including disease risk factor identification, preventive immunization, disease screening and health education. Please don't blindly trust all kinds of parenting information on the internet, but trust the doctor. Conditional families can join the local children's health management center, so that experts can make health plans according to the children's development cycle and characteristics, and receive services such as neuropsychiatric development assessment, nutrition assessment consultation and guidance, physical development guidance, psychological behavior assessment and so on on on a regular basis. Prevention and control of children's chronic diseases is imperative. Combining the characteristics of children's growth and development, it will be the blue ocean battlefield for chronic disease prevention and health management to carry out research on children's chronic disease prevention and treatment.
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