First, remember "six musts and five don 'ts".

Six ifs:

(1) Keep correct reading and writing posture, and keep the distance between eyes and books at 1 foot;

(2) Take a rest after reading 1 hour and look into the distance;

(3) After watching TV 1 hour, rest for 5~ 10 minute, and the distance between eyes and TV screen should be 5~7 times of the diagonal of the screen, but not less than 3m;

(4) After operating the computer continuously for 1 hour, rest for at least 10 minute, or do crystal exercises from near to far;

(5) Ensure 1 hour of outdoor activities every day, and achieve the purpose of improving physical fitness and enhancing eye adjustment through physical exercise.

(6) Resolutely correct bad habits such as partial eclipse and picky eaters, and develop good habits such as a reasonable diet system and a balanced diet.

Five don't:

(1) Don't read or write in direct sunlight or dim light;

(2) Don't lie in bed or read at your desk;

(3) Don't play video games without restraint, and don't play for more than 1 hour every day; (4) Don't read while walking, let alone in the swaying carriage;

(5) Don't use too thin pencils and write too small words.

Second, sit upright. The spine is straight, without leaning forward or shrugging, the head is not crooked, the chest is not pressed, the thighs are horizontal, the feet are on the ground, the distance between the eyes and the book is 30cm "and 35cm (one foot), the distance between the pen tip and the fingers is one inch, and the chest and the front table edge are perforated, commonly known as" three ones ". Change seats regularly.

Fourth, improve the bad learning environment. China stipulates that the average illumination of classroom desktop is not less than 150 lux, and the average illumination of blackboard is not less than 200 lux. The lighting and illumination of classrooms and families should meet the hygiene requirements, and the average illumination of classrooms should be 150 lux to eliminate the stroboscopic phenomenon and glare of lights. School supplies can't be ignored, for example, the paper can't be too white, the print font should be clear and so on.

Fifth, pay attention to rest. Pupils need 10 hours of sleep every day, and middle school students need 9 hours. 5. Eat reasonably. Pay attention to nutrition, eat more vegetables, seafood and animal livers, and limit sweets. Attention should also be paid to the intake of vitamin A, vitamin B 1 and B2, as well as trace elements selenium, zinc and chromium.

Sixth, do eye exercises. The operation methods in different places are not exactly the same, but the basic principle is the same. However, it should be noted that when doing eye exercises, hands should be washed, nails should be cut short, acupressure should be correct, usage should be gentle, dough should be small, and it should be sour and swollen. Don't push too hard to prevent pressing the eyeball. Once every morning and evening, pause when your eyes are inflamed.

Seven, crystal. Damn it. By alternately looking at the distance, the adjustment function of the eyes can be improved, thus reducing and eliminating visual fatigue. There are two ways:

(1) Take the finger as the near target, put it in front of your eyes for two minutes, then look at the target (such as a tree) 3 "5 meters away for two minutes, then look closer, then look farther, and so on for three consecutive times. (2) Let the students look at the myopia chart first, and then look at the hyperopia chart, and repeat it about 8 times per minute (see nearly 4 seconds, see far 4 seconds), each time 15 minutes.

Eight, check your eyesight regularly. Check once every six months to achieve early detection and early treatment.

Nine, wear glasses. Glasses must go through the accurate optometry of the hospital ophthalmology department or the regular optical shop, and you can't be greedy and cheap, so as to save trouble. You can choose a pair of glasses in the hands of vendors at will, which leads to excessive correction and deepening myopia.

In addition, juvenile myopia has its particularity, so there is no need to insist on consistency. According to the following general principles, we should treat them differently.

(1) Don't wear glasses in a hurry for pseudomyopia.

(2) Half-true and half-false myopia, in order to reduce the adjustment burden of close work, glasses should be equipped, but it has not been completely corrected. It is advisable to wear a concave lens that can obtain better vision, but the degree is slightly lower than the true degree.

(3) True myopia should be fitted with glasses immediately and always worn.