The strategy of class management: 1. Establish the concept of class education management and enhance the collective cohesion of the class. (target)
There used to be such a jingle on the internet to describe the class teacher as "in an emergency, he must be in trouble all day;" The time of three meals a day is wrong, and students are entangled and tired; Various inspections rushed to respond, and various evaluations made people collapse. "This jingle vividly depicts the busy, chaotic and tired life reality of most class teachers, which is very sad. How to change this negative and inefficient working state? As a class teacher, I should go forward and think about the lessons given to me by the school. How can we manage, build and manage well?
To establish a good class group, the first condition is to have a clear goal. After the head teacher takes over the class, he can get to know the students through various channels and ways and master a lot of first-hand information. On this basis, he can guide students to work out the long-term goals of the class in combination with the actual situation of the class.
Anthropologist Kluckhohn said: "A certain point of view, way of feeling and way of belief shared by members of a group is culture." For the stratum, the core of construction is to form common values. Therefore, every class should give students a practical classroom training according to their actual situation, so that they can have a clearer goal.
2. Form a standardized class education management mechanism to improve students' self-discipline. (constraint)
As the saying goes, "No rules, no Fiona Fang." How to make class management more humanized and more conducive to the development of students is a problem that every class teacher should consider when taking over. However, in traditional class management, there are often two completely different opposites-management composed of a few student cadres and management managed by most students. Lack of necessary communication between the two levels. On the one hand, this management method causes most students to lack the sense of class ownership, often in a passive obedience position, and lack the awareness and ability of management and self-management; On the other hand, students who are class cadres have a sense of superiority. They look like teachers and students. They have a strong sense of responsibility for teachers and a weak concept of serving students. These are not the talents that need to be trained in this era.
Sukhmlinski, a famous educator, said: "Only the education that inspires students to carry out self-education is the real education." In modern class construction, as a class teacher, we should straighten our position, create opportunities for students to exercise as much as possible, and be good at being students' assistants. This will not only show students' ability, but also give the class teacher more time to study, think and improve himself better. Therefore, it is effective to adopt the way of "double track operation, quality evaluation, team management and post responsibility" to manage the class.
A standing class committee is set up in the class to be fully responsible for the normal operation of the class and handle the daily affairs of the class through the class committee on duty. The standing class committee implements the competitive employment system, and the class committee on duty implements the free combination rotation system. In addition, a class supervision group has been set up to let students manage students and change the management of students from rule of man to rule of law. At the same time, in student evaluation, improve the daily management of comprehensive quality evaluation, so that the daily management of students is consistent with the final evaluation. Therefore, the style and appearance of the class have changed a lot.
3. Build a class management team and play an exemplary role. (example)
Modern educational theory tells us that in order to form a successful class, the head teacher should first choose some students who have excellent academic performance, strong sense of responsibility, good health and are willing to serve their classmates as class cadres, and arrange corresponding jobs according to their differences in personality and ability, and devote themselves to training and education, so that they can become role models for their classmates and drive other students to keep forging ahead. To this end, the standing class Committee, the monitoring group and the class Committee on duty have been determined. After the formation of the class committee, the division of labor was reasonable, training was strengthened, and a contingent of willing and capable cadres was established.
Continue to implement the division of labor system of "everyone has something to do, everyone in the class has something to do, and everyone in the class is responsible". Everything in the class is managed by the students themselves, and the members of the class committee are mainly responsible for cultivating their sense of responsibility and improving their practical management ability.
An excellent class cadre team is first "established", and the class teacher should learn to establish the prestige of class cadres on different occasions, which is the most effective way to train new class cadres. Secondly, in daily work, we should adopt a three-step strategy, that is, "teach him, guide him and let him go", which is very conducive to the rapid growth of class cadres.
A good singer makes people follow his voice, and a good teacher makes people follow his ambition. Experienced class teachers should cultivate a group of class cadres with both ability and political integrity and give full play to the exemplary role of class cadres, thus influencing and infecting other students. A good class committee can make a class undergo fundamental changes.
4. Create a class cultural atmosphere and build a home for students' thoughts and souls. (edification)
It is very important for classes and schools to create a harmonious and upward study, life and psychological environment for students. Class management must go through a process from "rule by man" to "rule by law" and then to "autonomy", which is the highest realm of class management and its core strength is class culture. Sukhmlinski advocates reading to let children feel and cultivate in nature, which is a culture that pursues tolerance, simplicity, richness and sublimation; Wei Shusheng advocates dialogue with great minds and students' independent development, which is a culture that pursues self-confidence, self-improvement, rationality and innovation. Li Zhenxi is committed to the construction of class rules and the dialogue between teachers and students, which is a culture that pursues democracy, fraternity, legality and standardization ... It can be seen that class culture, as an important way of educating people, is well known to teachers.
Generally speaking, class culture can be divided into "explicit culture" and "implicit culture". The so-called dominant culture, that is, material culture, is a tangible environmental culture. For example: class training, class rules, student works, book corner, blackboard newspaper and so on. Implicit culture This is a kind of soft culture, including the system, concept and behavior culture gradually formed in the process of class collective growth. Among them, institutional culture mainly refers to various rules, regulations and conventions jointly formulated and observed by teachers and students in the class, which constitutes a legal and cultural environment with distinctive personality; Concept culture is a variety of ideas about society, life, world and values accumulated by teachers and students in the long-term study and life. These ideas pervade every corner of the class, influencing students imperceptibly, and are an important factor in forming class public opinion. Under the norms, constraints and guidance of systems and concepts, students' behavior and mental outlook are behavior culture.
Some people say: "Culture is the truest character of a nation, and it is the blood flowing in the bones of a nation." The same is true of a class. Class culture is the soul, character and unique educational environment and atmosphere of a class, which exerts a subtle influence on students' thoughts, words and deeds, emotions and even future outlook on life and values.
2. Small coup of class management
1. special student education-integrate some necessary mental knowledge and seek innovation in educational methods and means.
Van Gogh, a famous Dutch painter, once said, "Where there are flowers of love in full bloom, there is prosperity of life." Paying attention to students' physical and mental health development is more important than paying attention to learning. Without a good positive attitude, even if you study very well, it is difficult to adapt to society. Now parents' requirements are getting higher and higher, and their expectations for their children are getting higher and higher. They have had their hair cut, entered a prestigious school and chosen a class. They think that children will do well in their studies and be proud of themselves in front of outsiders. As everyone knows, if such a choice is not based on children's reality, it will not only delay children's learning, but also affect their healthy growth. "Adults first, then talents." Don't discriminate against any underachiever, always learn to find the bright spot in him.
Be strict with gifted students-because if not strict, it will breed complacency and affect progress.
Caring for middle school students-because this is a group that is most easily ignored by teachers. A little care for him is a great motivation, which is conducive to his growth and progress.
Be kind to special students-because you can't educate such students for two days or twice at a time.
2. Take students to visit their homes.
3. Student growth class teacher's notes
4. Partner education
Three. Eight Psychological Effects in Class Management
1. The threshold effect psychologist Chaldini only added one sentence when raising money for charity. Even if it is a penny, he will raise twice as much money. This is the famous threshold effect. The basic content of this effect is to start with low requirements and gradually put forward higher requirements. According to Chaldini's analysis, it is difficult for people to refuse a very simple request, otherwise they are afraid that others will think they are unreasonable. When people accept simple requirements and then put forward higher requirements, in order to keep the unity of understanding and leave a consistent impression on the outside world, people tend to accept higher requirements psychologically. This effect tells us that students' psychological acceptance should be considered when they are required, and it is getting smaller and smaller in order to achieve good educational results.
2. The demolition effect Mr. Lu Xun once wrote a passage in 1927 Silent China: China people always like reconciliation and compromise. For example, if you say that the room is too dark, you are definitely not allowed to open the skylight here, but if you advocate tearing down the roof, they will settle and are willing to open the skylight. This kind of big demand first, then smaller and less demand, is called the demolition effect in psychology. Although this effect is common in adult life, many students have learned it. If a classmate leaves home after making a mistake, the class teacher is very anxious. In a few days, when the students come back safely, the class teacher will not pursue the students' mistakes too much. In fact, here, running away from home is equivalent to demolishing a house, and making mistakes is equivalent to opening a skylight, using the demolition effect. Therefore, in the process of educating students, the head teacher must adopt appropriate and acceptable educational methods, and at the same time, he must not accommodate the unreasonable demands or bad behaviors of students, especially paying attention to not letting students develop the habit of bargaining with the head teacher in these aspects.
3. Chain Effect There is a saying that people who are close to Zhu Zhechi are all black. In psychology, this phenomenon is called chain effect, which refers to the interaction between people in the process of growth. This effect is particularly obvious among younger students. As far as the chain effect of students is concerned, it is not unilateral, and it is manifested in the mutual infection of ideology and morality, but also in the comprehensive influence of personality, emotion, interest and ability. Using the chain effect of students, concessions can complement students with the same personality. Therefore, as a class teacher, we should consciously optimize the environment around students, such as making spoiled students keep company with independent friends, and timid students make friends with brave and strong students.
4. The forbidden fruit effect The word forbidden fruit comes from the Bible. It tells the story that Eve was attracted by the forbidden fruit in the mysterious knowledge tree to steal food and was exiled to the world. This rebellious psychological phenomenon attracted by forbidden fruit is called forbidden fruit effect. Because students are in a special development period, they are curious and easy to rebel, so the forbidden fruit effect often appears. It gives us two inspirations: first, don't treat bad things as forbidden fruits, and artificially increase the appeal to students. The second is to turn valuable things that students don't like into forbidden fruits and improve their attractiveness.
5. Catfish effect Sardines will die quickly if they are not stimulated and active after fishing. Every time Norwegian fishermen come back from the sea, in order not to make the fish die on the way, they put a few catfish in the fish cabin to provoke friction and disputes between them and sardines, so that a large number of sardines can swim constantly in tension. In this way, sardines can not only be prevented from choking to death, but also be allowed to live and dance in the port. This phenomenon was later called the catfish effect. The enlightenment she gave us is: (1) Only in moderate tension can we give full play to our abilities. Therefore, the head teacher should create a moderate tension atmosphere for students and guide them to learn to adapt to tension. Of course, we don't deny that we should avoid excessive tension and prevent irreversible harm to students' body and mind. We should make full use of catfish in class. There are often some students in the class. These students have average academic performance, but they are very energetic and particularly active. They have a certain appeal among students, which affects the discipline and study of the class to a certain extent. If we don't give full play to their subjective initiative, it will often be counterproductive. If these people can be promoted to appropriate leadership positions in the setting of class cadres, it will produce catfish effect, class activities will be easier to carry out and class collective construction will be smoother.
6. Matthew effect There is a famous saying in Matthew chapter of the Bible: Whatever you have, give it to him, so that his heart is willing but unable to do so. No, even what he has will be taken away. The famous American philosopher robert merton also found the same phenomenon, that is, the more honors a scientist has, the more honors he is awarded; For those unknown scientists, their achievements are often not recognized. He named this phenomenon Matthew effect in 1973. In class management, good students are well paid and poor students are poorly paid, and the standard of good or bad is mainly academic performance. For some good students in the head teacher's mind, when they love too much, they will depreciate, become insensitive to praise and take everything for granted. This superior social environment will make them very fragile in their growth and can't stand setbacks. For other students, just because their grades are not high, they will be forgotten by the class teacher for a long time. This man-made bad psychological environment will make their emotions extreme, their behavior trigger and impulse, which will inevitably lead to the abnormal development of students' personality and psychological obstacles of students.
7. The psychological experiment of blank effect shows that in the process of speech, leaving some blanks properly will achieve good speech effect, which is the blank effect. The enlightenment it gives us is that the class teacher should be good at leaving blank, for example, expressing blank. For some problems, the class teacher may wish to hold his own views, let the students think and speak, and have the opportunity to express their views. Leave blank in practice, give students an opportunity to exercise and practice and improve their practical ability. Leave the thinking blank, the class teacher should give students the opportunity to think and analyze, let students think, judge and face independently, and students' analytical ability will be gradually improved. Leave a blank in criticism, and after criticism, leave time for students to think and blame themselves. In this way, students will not have a sense of pursuit and their resistance will drop sharply.
8. There is a fable about the south wind effect, which tells that the north wind and the south wind bet to see who can take off the coat of pedestrians. The north wind blows hard, but the bigger it blows, the tighter pedestrians are wrapped; The south wind is slow, gentle and warm, which makes pedestrians take off their coats consciously. The south wind can achieve its goal because it meets people's internal needs and makes people's behavior conscious. This psychological reaction to stimulate self-reflection and meet self-needs is called the south wind effect. In class management, the head teacher should first understand the characteristics of students and adopt management methods that meet the actual needs of students. Second, management measures should be humanized, and class teachers should respect students' personality and self-confidence. I believe that students have an upward and kind heart, respect and care for people emotionally, inspire people in behavior, glow people, tolerate students' shortcomings, and deal with various problems in education and teaching objectively, rationally and scientifically.
Four. Class management should achieve "five don 'ts" and "six essentials"
Don't be a "police-style" class teacher-staring, closing and following will arouse students' disgust.
Don't be a "didactic" class teacher-empty talk is unrealistic, it is difficult to impress students and can't achieve educational results.
Don't be a "complaining" class teacher-ask parents if you have any questions, and there will be conflicts between students.
Don't be an "arbitrary" head teacher-the mantra of a teacher in question is "I don't know you yet? You definitely did it. If not you, who else did it? "
Don't be a "law-blind" class teacher-corporal punishment, restriction of freedom, exclusion from class, exclusion from classroom, etc.
Be a "model" class teacher-self-demonstration
Be a "prescient" class teacher —— Inform in advance and prevent problems before they happen (safety education)
Be a "democratic" class teacher-democratic decision-making, enhance students' democratic consciousness, various evaluations, major issues and activities.
Be a "guiding" class teacher-give guidance from life, study to life, and this guidance is sometimes done inadvertently.
Be a "reflective" class teacher-innovate and change in reflection, and only in this way can we make a breakthrough.
In a word, the new situation puts forward higher requirements for students' daily behavior management. In class management, only by sizing up the situation, making the best use of strategies, being responsible, careful, caring, teamwork and innovative, and facing the work with a positive attitude, can we build a better class group and cultivate outstanding talents that meet the requirements of the times.