1, the law of combining indirect experience with direct experience: what students learn from textbooks is indirect experience, and students should also be encouraged to acquire knowledge from practice; 2. The law of the unity of mastering knowledge and developing intelligence: mastering knowledge and developing intelligence are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. 3. The law of the unity of knowledge imparting and ideological education: knowledge and moral education are indispensable. 4. The law of the unity of teachers' leading role and students' main role: In the teaching process, we should not only pay full attention to teachers' teaching, but also fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm, so that teachers' leading role and students' main role can be organically combined to achieve good teaching results.
These are the four basic principles of the teaching process. Teaching process refers to the change of the activity state and time flow of teachers and students jointly realizing teaching tasks. It includes two interdependent aspects: teaching and learning. The internal development motivation is the contradiction between the teaching tasks put forward by teachers and the needs and actual level of students to complete these tasks.
The function of teaching process refers to the actual effect that can be received in the teaching process with reference to teaching objectives. Its functions are:
1, teaching function. Teaching function is the main function of the teaching process, which refers to imparting the rich knowledge accumulated by human beings for a long time to the next generation, teaching students the ability to acquire knowledge independently, helping students to form skills and skilled skills to meet intellectual and practical activities, and internalizing them into students' personal experience and wisdom.
2. Develop functions. With the development of society, the requirements for teaching have changed, and the degree of individual liberation has also changed. Simple knowledge transfer has adapted to the development of the times. Therefore, the teaching process has a developmental function. Development function refers to the development of students' language and thinking, observation ability, spatial concept and aesthetic feeling, as well as the cultivation of emotion and will in the teaching process. At the same time, it is necessary to develop students' motor function and operational ability, that is, to develop students' intelligence, ability, emotion, physical function and so on.
3. Educational function. It means that in the teaching process, students can not only master knowledge and develop ability, but also form and change students' ideological morality and values. Teaching is always educational, which is the basic law of teaching.