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Activities that purposefully exert moral influence on the educated. The content includes improving moral awareness and understanding, cultivating moral emotion, exercising moral will, establishing moral belief, cultivating moral quality and forming moral habits. China carried out socialist and communist moral education during the socialist period.
In most countries, school moral education is limited to moral education. In our country, school moral education generally refers to political education, ideological education and moral education, but in fact it is social consciousness education. Political education refers to the education that forms students' certain political concepts, beliefs and political beliefs; Ideological education is to form students' world outlook and outlook on life. Moral education is an education to promote students' moral development.
From the classification point of view, moral education is to cultivate students' moral consciousness in private life, public life and professional life of the country and society, as well as behavior habits that conform to private morality, national morality, social morality and professional morality.
Moral education includes private morality, public morality and professional ethics education. Private moral education is to cultivate students' moral consciousness and behavior habits in private life; Public morality education is to cultivate students' moral awareness of the state and social public life and their behavior habits in line with state morality and social morality; Professional ethics education is to cultivate students' moral awareness of professional life and behavior habits that conform to professional ethics.
From the hierarchical point of view, moral education is to educate students on moral ideals, moral principles and moral rules, to motivate students' noble behavior, to guide students' correct behavior and to restrain students' bad behavior.
Moral education includes moral education at the level of ideals, principles and rules. Moral ideal education is to stimulate students' noble behavior in the form of moral initiative; Moral principle education refers to guiding students' correct behavior with moral instructions or moral initiatives; Moral rule education is to restrain students' bad behavior in the form of moral prohibition or moral teaching.
From the task of moral education, moral education includes three interrelated aspects: developing students' moral understanding, cultivating students' moral feelings and cultivating students' moral behavior habits. Contemporary school moral education pays attention to cultivating students' moral judgment and sensitivity. Moral judgment is the ability to judge right and wrong, proper and improper events or behaviors by using certain moral standards; Moral sensitivity is the ability to keenly perceive, understand and observe the feelings, needs and interests of oneself, others and the community.
★ An important part of systematic ideological and political education. Morality is a code of conduct and criterion for a certain society to adjust the relationship between people and between people and society. By moral education, we mean socialist moral education and communist moral education. These two aspects are both important contents of communist ideological education, and both are guided by Marxist world outlook. There are both connections and differences between them, which are two levels of communist moral education. Moral education is to instill moral knowledge into the educated, turn socialist and communist moral concepts and principles into moral customs and habits that people generally follow, and improve the moral level of the whole society. Socialist moral concepts and principles reflect the basic characteristics of social relations in the primary stage of socialism. At present, socialist morality has been widely practiced in China. The basic content of education is to ask cadres, party member and the masses to establish the idea of serving the people wholeheartedly. Correctly understand and handle the interests of the state, the collective and the individual; Correctly understand and deal with the relationship between people and between individuals and society under socialist conditions; Correctly understand and deal with love, marriage and family relations; Correctly understand and follow socialist democracy and legal system; Love the motherland, people, labor, science and socialism. At the same time of socialist moral education, we must seriously advocate communist moral education, that is, to sacrifice oneself for others, to help others, and to advocate selfless communist dedication. In moral education, we should pay attention to: (1) Starting from reality, we should put forward different requirements for party member, cadres and the masses, so as to encourage the advanced and take care of the majority. Combine the universal implementation of socialist moral education in the whole society with the earnest promotion of communist morality, so that moral education has both a broad social foundation and advanced goals and directions. (2) Study the basic laws of moral education and adopt scientific methods. The process of moral education generally includes indoctrination of moral consciousness, cultivation of moral emotion, exercise of moral will, establishment of moral belief and cultivation of moral habits. Following this law, moral education must adhere to the principles and methods of integrating theory with practice, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, step by step and correct education. Only in this way can we achieve good educational results.