1. Cultivate people with both ability and political integrity.

2. Cultivate good psychological quality. Zhu attaches great importance to people's psychological factors, and thinks that people with different personalities have their own advantages and disadvantages, such as "people who keep secrets tend to retreat a lot" and "people who are handsome and quick-moving tend to be careless". They should each "make up for their own psychological weaknesses" and become talents. He believes that a good psychological quality should include:

Open-minded. He said, "Today's talents must be knowledgeable and measured, so they can accommodate today's talents and learn from each other in the future." In fact, this is also an important part of the psychological quality of modern talents.

2 forge ahead. Zhu Yue said, "The sincere man is a good man, but he is useless, so he is mad at himself." However, everyone in the middle has fallen into a deviation. The man of the golden mean has the ambition of a madman and is rigorous in doing things. There is a trickle, but not too radical. This is extremely rare. "

Second, about the content of education.

1. impart useful knowledge. Zhu believes that learning is not only the acquisition of knowledge, but also the cultivation of skills. He opposed the imperial examination and thought that "the imperial examination was very tiring and arrested many people." He advocated learning useful knowledge and put forward an "encyclopedic" education course. He said: "If you talk about learning, self-cultivation and governing the country, there are many things. Astronomy, geography, music, system, military service and criminal law are all really useful undertakings ... "Let scholars learn a lot, and this educational thought has a good influence on expanding students' knowledge and rational vision.

Third, about educational methods.

1. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Zhu inherited and developed Confucius' thought of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. It is believed that teachers should follow the laws of physical and mental development of educators and implement personalized education according to students' different personality characteristics, hobbies and other psychological characteristics.

When educating people according to their different psychological characteristics, he said that education means "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude". Secondly, he believes that different teaching should be carried out according to the psychological characteristics of students of different ages. Advocate the establishment of two types of schools, primary schools and universities, and carry out education with different contents. The object of primary school is concrete things and behaviors, while the object of university is the abstract principle of concrete things or objects. He believes that children aged 8 to 15 in primary school have good memory, strong imitation and plasticity, but poor comprehension. At this time, we should pay attention to the education of behavior. Such as sweeping, coping, advancing and retreating, and poetry, books and rituals. /kloc-after 0/5 years old, the content is mingde, Xinmin and complete theoretical study.

3. Cultivate students' initiative to acquire knowledge. The role of teachers and friends is to guide research methods and make plans at the beginning of students' study, and correct or criticize their study and research results at the end of students' study. He also said: "Guidance is also a teacher's merit." The teacher's role is to lead the way to solve doubts. Everything requires students to "pay attention to themselves, observe themselves and cultivate themselves" ... Some people just act as guides, prove themselves and discuss difficulties. Therefore, teachers must have the ability to inspire and induce, advocate heuristic teaching, and let students master knowledge with a positive attitude.

yearn for

Zhu believes that ambition is an inner desire and is very important for people's growth. Therefore, he asked scholars to set up lofty aspirations first. "Ask to learn kung fu, what is the first? Day: As I said before, it is only about people's self-determination. "

(5) maintain and improve

"Preservation and cultivation" is the abbreviation of "intentional cultivation". Zhu believes that everyone has innate goodness, but at the same time he has temperament prejudice and material desire. Therefore, we should use the effort of "saving" to promote goodness and invent our initial heart.

(6) practice.

(Note: Synthesized from the author of "On Zhu's View on Education" by Hebei Normal University)