From the third year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong (1080), the central dynasty began to take care of the monks' meals in Putuo Mountain. In order to show his devotion to Master Guanyin, the emperor sent people to offer incense and continuously distributed the surrounding fields to monks. According to historical records, from the seventh year of Jiading in Song Dynasty (12 14) to the fourth year of Thailand (1327), the court gave Putuo Temple 3093 mu of official land and l000 mu of mountains. In the eighth year of Song Chun (1248), Li Zong sent a letter to exempt the whole mountain from rent service, with 560 mu of permanent farmland and l607 mu of mountainous area. In addition to providing food for fasting, part of the monk's field is also used to grow tea. In addition to offering Buddhist tea, a few are also used to worship guests.
In the 18th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 148), on March 15th, the writer Shi accompanied Cheng Xiufu from Poyang to Putuo, and wrote in the Buddhist temple "Leave a monument and report to Tuo Temple": "I hope shenjiamen will row a boat in Shaoxing in March, hang his seat in the wind, and so on. The next morning, I went to Yin Chao Cave to pay tribute to Guanyin Bodhisattva, and then I was silent. Xiang made tea, but the surface of the bowl was just floating with flowers ... There was a monk pointing at the sun: there was a sinus on the top of the rock, which could be mocked. Climbing up in expectation, Ruixiang suddenly appeared. Golden light, clear eyes. They saw the same thing, but Hao saw that his teeth were as white as jade. " Yin Chao Cave is located outside Zizhulin Temple in the southeast of the island. Cliffs on both sides are about10m high and over 30m deep. The foot of the cave is inserted into the sea, which is wide outside and narrow inside, and there is a hole on the top of the rock. It is called "skylight". In Hong Tao, it sounds like thunder day and night. When encountering a strong wind, the waves splashed outside the window, like a giant whale spraying water, which is said to be the existence of Guanyin spirit. Shi Hao is also one of the three famous historians in the Southern Song Dynasty (Shi Hao, Shi and Shi Songzhi), and he is upright. Later, he became famous in the ruling and opposition circles because of his unjust imprisonment in Song Xiaozong, and he was immortal. Shi Hao once served as Chang Guowei in Zhoushan, and his traces are recorded in several books in Putuo Mountain. This time, he and his friend Cheng Xiufu came to Yin Chao Cave early in the morning. This cave is so desolate that there is nothing to see. Shi Hao burned incense and offered tea to the Buddha in Yin Chao Cave, only to see a floating flower. After dinner, under the guidance of the monk, I climbed the cave on the top of the rock to pay my respects, and I was fortunate enough to see the appearance of Master Guanyin.
The emperor of the Yuan Dynasty believed in Buddhism, and Putuo Mountain, as the Dojo of Guanyin, had supreme status. The imperial court often burned incense for monk Mi and cut Zhoushan Island and Tianshan Mountain in Ningbo for the monk. For example, in the fifth year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty (130 1), Zhang Pengshan, a bachelor of Jixian County, gave more than 4,000 mu of fields, land and mountains to Putuo. And his companion was Zhao Mengfu, a famous calligrapher at that time. For another example, in the second year of Qing Dynasty (13 13), the queen mother sent envoys to the mountains to make pilgrimages, and ordered banks in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to deposit 868 ingots of banknotes, buy three hectares of fields and give them to Baotuo Temple. These official assistance is one of the important economic sources for the development of Buddhism in Putuo Mountain in history. There are vegetarian meals and tea plants in the monk field, and the production of Buddhist tea is developing continuously. However, the life span of the Yuan Dynasty was very short, leaving no historical materials. General Ning Shao was asked by Wanli, and wrote in the book "You don't know how to swim in the home mountain": "Three or four miles, a thousand steps of sand a day. There is a wise monk from Wutai Mountain, where Zhuo Xi lives and makes a living. There is a spring at the top of the temple. Great Wisdom ordered his disciples to lead him through bamboo, and the tea was very fragrant. " In the 24th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (139 1), on September 16th, Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, wrote a letter to waste group tea and change it into tribute tea. Cake tea was replaced by loose leaf tea, and the method of cooking tea in Tang Dynasty and drinking tea in Song Dynasty was changed to the method of brewing leaf tea in boiling water. The art of tea tasting has undergone an epoch-making change, which has opened the source of clear drinking through the ages. Ming people call this drinking method "simple but not vulgar, which can be described as the true taste of tea". Hou's words reflect the method of drinking Buddha tea in Putuo Mountain Temple at that time.
According to the Ming Dynasty scholar Li Rihua's Miscellaneous Notes on Zitaoxuan, "The old monk in Putuo left white rock wrapped in tea, white velvet leaves and colorless leaves. Xu Yin felt cool and penetrated into the heart and intestines. Monk Yun, this stone is only five or six pounds big, and it is dedicated to Master Guanyin. Monks have to sip it. " This shows that Putuo Buddha tea is only used for offering Buddha, and even monks can't enjoy it, which shows its preciousness. From time to time, monks come to visit Putuo in Yunli, and wrote in the poem "Su 'an visits Zen Master Ranchers": "I am a Taoist in Baihua Forest, and I just made incense. The steep cliff cuts the Millennium stone, and the ancient tree hoes the clouds. The tongue turns over the tide to talk about wonderful ideas, and the birds wave clouds and laugh at empty flowers. Meet and wash my dust, burn snow and make tea at night. "Zen master Lang Che used the accumulated snow water to make tea, which also reminds people of the snow water swept by Miaoyu on plum blossoms stored for many years in a dream of red mansions to make tea. At that time, there were many literati who wrote poems and sang with the owner of Baihua Temple, and the famous writer Tu Long was one of them. Buddhist monks in Putuo love to drink Buddhist tea, while elegant people love tea and pots, and the collection of tea sets is also very rich. According to the Chronicle of Yixing Zisha Masters in China, the first two abbots of Baihua Temple in Putuo Mountain, Yu Ruyao and Lang Che Zhu Ling, made their fortune by collecting epigraphy, calligraphy, painting and playing with tea sets, especially tea sets.
In the seventeenth year of Wanli in Ming Shenzong (1589), when Tu Longju compiled Buduo Mountain Records, he named the teahouse where Antang brewed tea and received visitors as "Quiet Room Tea Smoke", which was listed as one of the twelve scenic spots in Putuo Mountain, and wrote a poem: "Xiaoxiao Ancient Temple was full of white smoke, and the boy brew tea made a stone pot. I don't know if there is sudden snow outside the door, and the sea and sky are low and frozen. " Taste the fragrant hot tea in the temple cleanly, and even forget the freezing outside, which shows the custom of treating guests with Buddha tea in the temple at that time. The official name of Putuo Buddha tea is tribute, but it didn't begin until Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. "The Records of Luojiashan Mountain in Putuo" (1999) says: "Tea lotus in Chashan after the top of Baihua is a tribute. Qing Guangxu asked, and when the abbot of the temple learned about it, he asked the official hall to cut the leather. " In the past, most of the property rights of Putuo Mountain belonged to temples. In the Qing dynasty, the court stipulated that the Antang Temple of Putuo Mountain was responsible for the management of Chashan Mountain and collecting tribute tea. Monks engaged in tea production on the mountain have a clear division of labor, each performing his duties, and it is stipulated that only one season of tea should be picked. Before and after Grain Rain, the weather was inscrutably picking fresh leaves, giving them to tea monks, and then frying them by hand. Like a round tadpole, like a snail but not a snail, the top grade is selected and hidden in a silver box, and the abbot is presented to the imperial court for the enjoyment of dignitaries. The rest are packed in small boxes in China tin cans and sold to pilgrims at high prices. However, during the Guangxu period, due to the fact that tribute tea cost several hundred dollars a year, the abbot of Fayu Temple learned about it and reported it to Chen Gong, an official of Zhiting, so that tribute tea was "cut" and the villagers were grateful. Although the history of tribute tea is short, its reputation is enduring.
During the Republic of China, due to the navigation of Putuo Mountain ferry, pilgrims and tourists increased greatly, and the demand for Buddhist tea also increased, thus promoting the development of Buddhist tea. 19 15 Putuoshan Buddha Tea won the silver award of Panama Expo, which expanded its international influence. After the founding of New China, the Buddhist tea garden in Putuo Mountain expanded on a large scale and established a tea garden. However, the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s brought another disaster to Putuo Mountain. Almost 100% of Guanyin Buddha statue was smashed. Except for more than 40 elderly, sick and homeless people, monks and nuns in the temple are allowed to stay. Most monks were sent back to their original places of work, and many people were forced to return to secular life. A tourist once wrote a poem: "It is shocking that Putuo is broken, and Guanyin in the South China Sea is just a name. A thousand wonderful things turn into dung, and three hundred Zen forests are empty. Pantuo turtle and stone are empty, and the purple bamboo tide is glad. The little Buddha hung his eyebrows and went to the main hall, and the monk mourned. " Buddhism in Putuo Mountain suffered a devastating blow, and the Buddhist tea party was also interrupted. It was not until 1977 that Zhejiang Province proposed to restore and develop the production of famous tea in a planned way, and Putuoshan Buddha tea was one of them. 1978, Putuo County Agriculture and Forestry Bureau and County Native Products Company organized personnel to resume the trial production of Buddha tea in Putuoshan Forest Farm and Maoshan Brigade Tea Farm of Taohua Commune, and invited tea scientist Tang Lixin and others to give guidance. 1979, Putuo County invited a famous tea teacher from Biluochun, Jiangsu Province to teach technology. By improving the technology, a unique shape of "Buddha tea" was formed, which was officially named "Putuo Buddha tea".
After 1980, Putuoshan Buddha tea resumed production and began to be officially sold to the outside world, and the development of Putuoshan Buddha tea reached its peak. 198 1 was listed as one of the eight famous teas in Zhejiang province in the first Zhejiang famous tea selection. 1983 was awarded "Famous Tea Certificate" in Zhejiang Province.
The fame of modern Putuo Mountain Buddha tea is expanding day by day, and the producing area and output are also increasing year by year. 1984 tea garden was only 2 hectares, and 199 1 year has been expanded to 24 hectares; From 65438 to 0992, the area of tea garden expanded to 33.3 hectares, and the output of Buddha tea reached 2800 kilograms. Sales markets have spread all over Europe and major cities in China.
Putuo local government has always regarded Buddha tea as the main industry of benefit agriculture. Putuo Tea Association and Buddhist Tea Culture Research Association have been established successively, and the certificate of origin of Putuo Buddhist tea has been registered. By actively implementing the famous brand strategy of Putuo Buddha tea, the development of tea characteristic industry has been effectively promoted. At the same time, taking the construction of Buddhist tea culture as the carrier, we actively participated in various tea culture festivals, trade fairs and agricultural fairs. , set up a professional Buddhist tea performance team, comprehensively promote the Buddhist tea culture in Putuo Mountain, deepen the special study on the history and culture of Putuo Mountain, and develop the cultural heritage of Buddhist tea in Putuo Mountain.