News of hydropower safety knowledge (hydropower safety knowledge) 1. Knowledge of hydropower safety.
L, know the master switch, learn to turn off the master switch in an emergency.
2. Don't touch and test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). 3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.
4, electrical appliances should be unplugged after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape. 5, found someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.
6. Don't disassemble or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.
7. It is forbidden to move household appliances in operation by hand, such as desk fans, washing machines and televisions. 8. It is forbidden to repair live lines or equipment at home by hand.
9. It is forbidden to touch with wet hands and wipe lamps, switches and other electrical appliances with wet cloth. 10. It is forbidden to change the three-eye plug into two-eye plug at will.
1 1. It is strictly prohibited to pull and connect wires indiscriminately. 12. It is forbidden to install electrical appliances on the original lines without permission.
2. Water and electricity safety knowledge
1, place electrical appliances correctly to avoid overtime use.
Electrical appliances should be placed in a place without direct sunlight or darkness, with good ventilation. After using the electrical appliances for a period of time, you should take a proper rest and try to avoid continuous use for a long time. Flammable articles are prohibited around electrical appliances.
2. It is strictly forbidden to use electrical appliances "with illness".
When electrical appliances are in abnormal conditions, such as peculiar smell, smoke, vibration, increased noise and temperature, they should be stopped immediately. Cut off the power supply immediately and ask a professional to repair it. Do not disassemble the electrical appliance by yourself, so as not to damage the internal components of the electrical appliance.
3, don't use wet hands, wet cloth contact charged lamp holder, switch and socket.
When using electric irons, hair dryers and other appliances, people should not leave. Do not lay wires and connect electrical equipment without permission or ask unqualified decoration teams and personnel.
4. The refrigerator should avoid being placed near the wall.
In humid weather, the wall is greatly affected by moisture, which affects the components inside through the small holes in the refrigerator, thus causing the interior of the refrigerator to be affected by moisture. Therefore, we should pay attention to the location of the refrigerator. The refrigerator should keep a certain distance from the wall and give priority to the location.
Don't hang the clothesline on the wire.
When hanging clothes outdoors, don't put the clothes rod on the wire or transformer bracket, let alone hang clothes directly on the wire or transformer bracket; Do not climb the tower or erect power lines, communication lines and broadcasting lines on the tower without authorization, and install broadcasting speakers.
6, don't build buildings in the power facilities protection zone.
Overhead power lines may be discharged or disconnected. In the event of an accident, residents under and near the line will be in danger of getting an electric shock. Moreover, cranes, excavators, pump trucks and other construction machines in the construction process are likely to cause line collisions and personal injury accidents.
People's Network-Tips for Safe Electricity Use in Winter
People's Network-If you don't pay attention to the common sense of electricity safety, you may sometimes lose your life!
3. Write six common words about the safe use of electricity.
1, the power cord and electrical equipment must be well insulated, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches shall not be exposed to prevent electric shock.
2, don't pull the wire, to prevent electric shock or fire.
3, don't stand on the wet ground to move charged objects or try to clean charged household appliances with a wet rag to prevent electric shock.
4, fuse selection should be reasonable, avoid using copper wire, aluminum wire or iron wire instead, in case of fire.
5, the use of household appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the requirements of product use.
6. When repairing or replacing the lamp holder, even if the switch is turned off, do not touch it directly by hand to prevent electric shock.
4. Common sense of electricity safety
Common sense of safe use of electricity in life
0 1. Every family must have some necessary electrical appliances, such as test pens, screwdrivers, glue pliers, etc. There must also be fuses of various specifications and fuses suitable for household appliances.
02. Every household electric meter must be equipped with master insurance, and the master circuit breaker and leakage protection switch should be installed behind the electric meter.
03. In any case, it is forbidden to use copper or iron wire instead of fuse. The size of the fuse must match the capacitance. When replacing the fuse, remove the porcelain box cover and replace it. It is not allowed to tie the fuse directly in the porcelain box, and it is not allowed to replace the fuse with electricity (without opening the circuit breaker).
04. After blowing the fuse or handling the leakage, it is necessary to find out the reason before turning on the power switch. In any case, the fuse cannot be short-circuited, and the tripping mechanism of the leakage switch cannot be forced to send electricity with wires.
05. When purchasing household appliances, you should carefully check whether the technical parameters (such as frequency, voltage, etc.) in the product manual meet the local power consumption requirements. It is necessary to know how much electricity is used and whether the existing power supply capacity of the family meets the requirements, especially whether the wiring capacity, plugs, sockets, fuses and meters meet the requirements.
06. When household power distribution equipment can't meet the capacity requirements of household appliances, it should be replaced and modified, and it is forbidden to make do with it. Otherwise, overload operation will damage electrical equipment and may also cause electrical fire.
07. When buying household appliances, you should also know their insulation performance: general insulation, reinforced insulation or double insulation. If grounding is used for leakage protection, grounding wire is essential. Even for electrical equipment with reinforced insulation or double insulation, it is beneficial to make protective grounding or zero connection.
08. Household appliances with motors (such as electric fans, etc.). ) also know their heat resistance level and whether they can run continuously for a long time. Pay attention to the heat dissipation of household appliances.
09. Before installing household appliances, you should check the requirements of the product manual for the installation environment, and pay special attention not to install household appliances in an environment with damp heat, dust or flammable, explosive and corrosive gases as much as possible.
10. During indoor power distribution, the phase line and the zero line should be clearly marked, which should be consistent with the wiring of household appliances and should not be connected by mistake.
5. Common sense of electricity safety
1, the household power cord should not be overloaded, and the worn and aging power cord should be replaced in time to avoid accidents.
2. The general insurance of household power supply and household insurance should be equipped with a desk to protect household appliances.
3, temporary power supply to use qualified power cord, power plug, socket to be safe and reliable, damaged can't use, power cord connector should be wrapped with tape.
4. When the temporary power supply line is close to the high-voltage transmission line, it should keep a sufficient safe distance from the high-voltage transmission line (10KV and below 0.7 m, 35KV 1 m,10kVI.5m, 220KV3 m and 500KV5 m).
5, it is forbidden to wiring from public lines.
6, line connector should ensure good contact and reliable connection.
7, room decoration, hidden in the wall of the power cord should be placed in a special flame retardant sheath, the power cord section should meet the load requirements.
8. Use electric tools such as electric drills. Insulating gloves must be worn.
9, in case of household appliances on fire, should first cut off the power supply, and then put out the fire.
10, the wiring of household appliances must be correct. If in doubt, you should ask a professional.
1 1, household electricity should be equipped with qualified leakage protector with overvoltage protection function. Ensure personal safety when using household appliances.
12. When using elbows, household appliances should have good shell grounding and indoor public grounding.
13, wet hands can't touch live household appliances, can't use wet cloth to wipe household appliances in use, and power supply must be stopped before household appliances are repaired.
14, household electric heating equipment, heating equipment must be far away from gas tanks. When gas leakage is found in the gas pipeline, the window should be opened for ventilation first. If the power supply cannot be connected, professionals should be asked to repair it in time.
15. When using electric heating devices such as electric irons and soldering irons, be sure to stay away from flammable materials. After use, cut off the power supply and unplug the bolt to prevent accidents.
16. If household appliances are found damaged, please ask trained professionals to repair them. Do not disassemble it by yourself to prevent electric shock.
17. It is forbidden to drill wells, set up TV antennas and fish under high and low voltage wires.
18. Any broken wire, whether charged or not, shall be regarded as charged, and keep a sufficient safe distance from the broken wire point, and report to the relevant departments in time.
19, found that someone get an electric shock, can't direct contact with the electric shock, the application of wooden sticks or other insulation to remove the power cord, make the electric shock from the power supply.
20. Power plugs and sockets should be arranged out of children's reach, and the elderly and children at home should often be explained the common sense of safe electricity use at home to enhance their self-protection ability.
2 1. In case of direct contact with trees and buildings, trees should be cut down in time to prevent wires from being worn out, or insulation sleeves should be added to the household lines.
22. Walking on the sidewalks in urban areas in thunderstorm weather, don't touch trees, telephone poles and pole stays with your hands to prevent electric shock.
23, are not allowed to be close to or contact with any live parts of electrical appliances, especially the high-voltage output part of black-and-white and color TV sets, so as to avoid electric shock.
24, power switch shell and wire insulation damage or incomplete or live parts exposed, should immediately find an electrician to repair, otherwise are not allowed to be used.
25. Don't use the same cable for the convenience of telephone line and power line. Use different wires or cables, leaving a certain distance when laying.
26. Steel tape measure, tape measure and wire ruler with metal wire cannot be used to measure on live household appliances or around worn wires.
27. It is forbidden to tie animals, ropes and cold things on the pole stay to avoid electric shock.
28. It is forbidden to use 220V power supply voltage for household doorbell and hair clipper, and safe voltage below 36V should be used.
29. When taking a bath, the household electric shower must first disconnect the power supply and have reliable measures to prevent sudden electrification.
30, advocate civilized and law-abiding electricity consumption, put an end to all forms of illegal, illegal stealing.
6. What is the common sense of household electricity safety?
(1) Use the power cord correctly. The main line of household power cord should be at least 4mm2 copper core wire, aluminum skin wire or plastic sheath line, and good quality flexible cord should be used for electrical equipment that moves frequently. The seriously aged wires should be replaced in time.
(2). Don't use metal to get an electric shock; Don't touch the power supply when your hands are wet.
Metal objects are conductive. Never touch the power supply with metal objects such as screwdrivers and nails to avoid electric shock. It is dangerous and impossible for us to touch water with our hands, including wet towels, and to touch the power supply.
(3) Use household appliances correctly. Read the instruction manual of electrical appliances carefully, and pay attention to its precautions and maintenance requirements. General household appliances should not be switched on and off frequently. After use, not only turn it off, but also unplug it. If the temperature is abnormal, the power supply should be cut off for inspection and troubleshooting, and a voltage regulator should be added to the line.
(4) form good habits;
That is, when plugging and unplugging the power supply, it is very dangerous not to hold the power supply by hand, but to hold the wire by hand. If the wire is aging, it is easy to get an electric shock.
(5) Do a good job in fire prevention and extinguishing. When people leave home or sleep, check whether the electrical appliances are cut off. In case of electrical fire, don't panic. First, cut off the power supply in time and shout for help to the neighbors. Call the fire alarm number 1 19. At the same time, use the water, wet quilt or fire extinguisher prepared at ordinary times to extinguish the fire quickly.
I hope our answer is helpful to you.
7. Basic knowledge of hydropower
Basic knowledge of water and electricity installation 1. Before construction, there must be electrical (strong current and weak current), water supply and drainage design and construction drawings.
2. It is strictly prohibited to lay wires directly in walls, floors, floors or ceilings without any protection. 3, different voltages, different circuits, different signal lines are strictly prohibited to wear in the same threading pipe.
4, the installation of lamps and lanterns should be carried out after the completion of painting. When installing lamps and lanterns on brick-concrete structures, it is forbidden to use wooden wedges, hooks, bolts or expansion bolts.
There shall be no less than 2 bolts (or screws) for fixing lamps. Lamps and lanterns shall not be installed on combustible components.
5. The switch of lamps and electrical equipment must be installed on the "phase line" (that is, the control phase line), otherwise, after the switch is turned off, lamps and electrical equipment will still be charged, which is easy to cause electric shock. 6. There are two protection methods for power system: grounding protection and neutral point protection. At present, grounding protection is widely used in China.
Note that in the same system, it is forbidden to use two protection methods at the same time, otherwise it will cause safety accidents. 7. It is forbidden to use the mobile switch beside the bed.
If the lamp uses a screw cap, the central spring tongue of the screw cap should be connected to the control phase line. 8, line interface should be smooth, even the board connection should be firm.
The junction box of the power inlet box shall be protected by a protection ring (lock nut). 9. In order to update and maintain the conductor in the future, the radian (i.e. cold bending radius) of the bend of the conduit buried in the wall, underground or ceiling should be 5~ 10 times the diameter of the conduit.
10, it is forbidden to connect wires in the threading tube, that is, when the length of wires is not long enough, the connectors of wires cannot be in the threading tube, and wires should generally be connected in junction boxes such as switches, sockets and lamp holders. 1 1. The conduit should be of a certain size (thickness), so that the wire can be inserted and enough space should be left for the heat generated when the wire passes through a large current to be radiated.
The ratio of the cross-sectional area of general conductor to the cross-sectional area of threading pipe is 1/3~ 1/2. It is forbidden to block the threading pipe with wires.
12.PP-R pipes and copper pipes can be used for water supply. 13, dark apply water supply pipeline must strictly check whether all connection parts are installed tightly, firmly and in the right direction, and then do water pressure test and test the water for a period of time before embedding.
The general pressure test index is between 0.8 MPa and 1.0 MPa. 14, the horizontal pipe of the drainage pipe should have a certain slope, and the socket should be closely connected to ensure no leakage.
The distance between the bracket and elevator for fixing the pipeline is reasonable and firm. 15, sanitary ware installation position should be accurate, bracket, bracket installation should be smooth and firm.
The floor drain should be installed at the lowest point of the ground and 5 mm deep into the ground. The joint between the toilet and the ground or the nozzle should be sealed with sludge or silica gel. If the cement is not suitable, it will expand and cause the bottom of the toilet to crack.
16. The hot water faucet in the hot and cold faucet should be installed on the left side. Electric water heaters should have grounding protection devices. When it is used for the first time, the air in the bladder should be removed, and it can only be electrified after it is filled with water.
Circuit transformation design and smart home design: For convenience, the live wire is generally red, the control wire is yellow, the zero wire is blue, and the ground wire is yellow-green. High voltage is in the basic part: living room: main lamp, spotlights, light strips, TV sockets, closed-circuit sockets, DVD audio sockets, air-conditioning (cabinet) sockets, telephone plugs and other electrical sockets.
Dining room: refrigerator, water dispenser, hot pot socket, main lamp, spotlight, etc. Bedroom: network cable, telephone line, TV cable, TV socket, dual-control main light, bedside table socket (for mobile phone charging and table lamp).
Study: network cable, telephone line, closed circuit (ADSL bathroom for broadcasting and watching TV: the socket of hot water heater, the socket of electric water heater, the socket with switch (beside the basin, the socket for controlling rearview mirror headlights and hair dryer), and the switch of Yuba. Kitchen: range hood, electric cooker, cooker (rechargeable), disinfection cabinet, water purifier, induction cooker, microwave oven and main lamp.
Basic weak line: the most basic: TV lines in all rooms can be connected in series. The network cable of the study, preferably star wiring.
Telephone lines are used less and less. Unless surfing the Internet, they are generally replaced by network cables (that is, broadband or telephone lines can be used). Smart weak line: home LAN system: it can meet the demand of surfing the Internet in every room at the same time, and can use the TV as a monitor or even as a computer. Home audio-visual system: living room surround sound (5. 1 channel), the background music in each room can be independently controlled, the audio source can be freely selected, and headphones are supported.
Security system: intelligent anti-theft, gas leakage alarm, emergency alarm, etc. Remote control: remote control of water heaters, rice cookers, windows, etc. At home by cell phone.
Intelligent lighting system: With the remote control, you can control all electrical appliances and lights, including curtains, and automatically select the appropriate lights as needed. Description of main material: wire: 2.5 square tube, generally used for lighting and ordinary sockets.
4 air conditioning lines and kitchens use square lines (because there are more appliances in the kitchen). There is also sheath line (the kind with insulation sheath outside the two wires): it is generally used when wiring on the top surface, because the top surface cannot be slotted.
Wiring in the ceiling or copper-core PVC pipe: there are two kinds, one is hard pipe and the other is hose (PVC flame retardant pipe). Hoses are generally used on the ceiling, but now most decoration companies no longer use hoses because they can't pull wires back and forth.
There are three kinds of PVC rigid pipes (heavy, medium and light). Cast-in-place concrete generally uses heavy pipes, because tools such as vibrators are needed, and heavy pipes can bear pressure. In terms of home decoration and wiring, ordinary light pipes can meet the requirements.
Quality requirements: rigid PVC pipes should not be too soft. When you accept it, pinch it with your hand to see if it can be flattened. When the flattened pipe runs on the ground, it is easy for people to walk around to flatten the pipe. Circuit reconstruction materials: wires, conduits, screw connections, direct connections, socket springs, junction boxes, bottom boxes, electrical tapes, etc.
Hydroelectric material requirements (PP-R pipe) Water pipe classification: 1, aluminum-plastic PP-R: Some brands call it "steady-state pipe". PP-R pipe and alloy aluminum are compounded by hot-melt bonding process, which has the sanitary and sealing performance of PP-R, the ultraviolet resistance and oxygen penetration resistance of metal pipe, and the strength is higher. Its expansion coefficient is 1/5 of that of ordinary PP-R.
2. Ordinary pp-r: Hot-melt pipes are mostly decorated with common pipes. Economical and practical, convenient construction, hidden pipeline, long service life, etc.
Recommended materials: Jinde, Jinniu,.
8. Low-voltage electricity safety knowledge
1. Consciously improve the awareness of safe electricity use, adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first, comprehensive treatment", ensure the safety of life and property, truly pay attention to safe electricity use from the heart, promote safe production and ensure personal safety.
2. Familiar with the location (such as factories, enterprises, construction sites, offices, dormitories, etc.). ) air switch, the owner of the production site or dormitory. In case of fire, electric shock or other electrical accidents, cut off the power supply at the first time to avoid causing greater property losses and personal injury.
3. Do not connect wires without permission, do not hang clothes and sundries on wires or other electrical equipment, and do not install and use high-power or electrical equipment that does not meet national safety standards without permission.
4, can't remove the lamps and lanterns, switches, sockets and other electrical equipment, don't use lamps and lanterns to dry clothes or used for other purposes. When there are abnormal phenomena such as smoke, arcing and burning smell inside the equipment, the power supply of the equipment should be cut off immediately and the licensed electrician should be notified to carry out maintenance to avoid expanding the fault range and causing electric shock accidents; When the leakage protector (commonly known as leakage switch) trips, it shall not be reclosed without permission.
5. When using electrical equipment (such as hair dryer) in the bathroom or in a place with high humidity, it is necessary to ensure good indoor ventilation and avoid electric shock accidents due to poor electrical insulation. All kinds of sockets must use standard waterproof sockets.
6, household appliances, ensure good heat dissipation of electrical equipment (such as TV sets, electric water heaters, computers, stereos, etc.). ), inflammable and explosive articles and sundries should not be piled around to prevent equipment damage or fire caused by poor heat dissipation.
7. When using hand-held electric tools such as hand drill and hand grinding wheel, tools with "back" symbol must be used.
8, no matter what kind of environment, we should use the leakage protection device to prevent electric shock casualties, reduce electric shock casualties!
9. What is the common sense of electricity safety?
Common sense of electricity safety 1 The insulation between the power cord and electrical equipment must be good, and the live parts such as lamp holders, sockets and switches must never be exposed to prevent the human body from touching the live parts.
Don't pull wires and connect electrical equipment indiscriminately. The metal shell of electrical equipment (such as washing machine and refrigerator) should be well grounded. Don't touch electrical equipment such as lamp holders, switches and sockets with wet hands, and educate children not to play with electrical equipment.
It is forbidden to stand on the wet ground and touch charged objects, or wipe charged household appliances with a wet rag. Low-voltage electric shock protector is an ideal protection device, which can automatically cut off the power supply when people get an electric shock and ensure personal safety. It is recommended that residents and users install and use it.
Installing a "leakage protector" with double functions of overvoltage tripping and leakage tripping can not only effectively protect human and animal safety, but also protect household appliances from overvoltage damage. 4. If you find someone getting an electric shock, you should first try to disconnect the power supply (if you get an electric shock at a height, you should prevent the person from falling), and then give first aid.
For the unconscious electric shock victim, the main method of first aid is to give artificial respiration immediately, and ask the doctor to check and deal with it at the scene quickly. It is forbidden to inject cardiotonic needle. 5 1 household appliances you use, such as refrigerators, freezers, washing machines, etc. , should be equipped with grounding wire socket according to the product use requirements.
6 Electrical equipment installation and maintenance should be carried out by electricians, and the indoor incoming power supply must be disconnected. 7 Electric appliances such as light bulbs should not be close to flammable materials to prevent accidents due to long-term use or unattended operation.