Methods of entrance education for freshmen I. Current situation of entrance education in colleges and universities
Although different colleges and universities have different understandings of freshmen's entrance education and different entrance education, on the whole, they all show the similarity of the present situation of entrance education.
First of all, for a long time, freshmen's entrance education in domestic colleges and universities generally adopts the mode of freshmen's entrance education week, and freshmen are educated about one week after entering school. And generally take the form of calling freshmen to a meeting and listening to reports, blindly instilling a direction in freshmen. In the whole educational activities, freshmen are passively and mechanically accepted, so it is difficult to understand their inner feelings and it is easy to cause freshmen's rebellious psychology. The right medicine? , solve practical problems.
Secondly, the content of entrance education is mostly limited to various rules and regulations, learning education and professional introduction, focusing on publicizing the advantages of colleges or departments and majors to freshmen. Students can't fully understand the situation, and the content related to study and life is only superficial and can't be deeply rooted in people's hearts. Moreover, due to the short time schedule and lack of continuity, it is difficult to achieve the expected goal. When freshmen really encounter problems, this kind of education has ended, which is not conducive to their understanding of themselves and entering university life.
Generally speaking, the mode, content and form of college entrance examination education are basically the same. Our college is no exception. The annual entrance education includes about 10 days of military training. During military training, most of the time is spent in the evening, introducing professional education and departmental rules and regulations education, in the form of meetings, listening to reports, theme movies and so on. It has a certain effect, but it is not very significant. Freshmen move from high school to university, facing the new environment and challenges, their psychology will inevitably change greatly, and they need external help to get through the turning point of their lives, so as to better move from exam-oriented to all-round development and from passive to independent.
Second, the ideological characteristics of freshmen
1. Psychological contradictions are very complicated.
Freshmen will have some psychological contradictions after entering school, mainly: (1). The contradiction between ideal and reality. There is a certain gap between freshmen's admission to schools and majors and their expectations. (2) The contradiction between independence and dependence. Freshmen's sense of independence is generally enhanced, and they all want to solve problems in their study and life on their own. However, due to their lack of independent economic ability and social experience, they show strong dependence in the face of complex problems. (3) The contradiction between nostalgia and freshness. Freshmen generally think that the friendship in high school is very precious and reliable, and they are very attached to and miss their strong friends in high school after entering school. Facing new faces, I don't know whether to seek new friendship deliberately or to set up a defense line for myself in my heart. In this way, freshmen wander in the attempt of nostalgia and novelty.
2. Poor learning adaptability and self-study ability.
There are obvious differences between universities and middle schools in curriculum, learning content and learning methods. (1). In terms of curriculum, for the final college entrance examination, students will devote all their energy to several major courses. In college, several courses are offered every semester. Many students still follow the learning model of high school, which leads to tired study and unsatisfactory academic performance. (2). In terms of learning content, a class in high school usually only talks about one section, while universities have to talk about several sections or even chapters. Many students can't adapt to this rhythm mode of learning, resulting in anxiety and tension. (3) In terms of learning methods, the high school stage is a stage of exam-oriented education, and teachers will always urge and coach students, and students will passively accept it. The university stage is dominated by self-study, and there is plenty of spare time. Some students don't know how to use it to enrich and perfect themselves, and there are negative emotions of emptiness and boredom. Some students are so confused that they lose themselves.
3. Get lost in life goals
Life goal is a non-intellectual factor, which is of great significance to the success and development of college students. (1). Real life is uncertain, so we need to define ourselves with life goals and make ourselves a place where we can settle down with peace of mind. (2) In the complicated life, we need life goals to indicate the direction of progress and struggle. (3) In the journey of life, we will encounter many difficulties and setbacks, and we need life goals to motivate ourselves to overcome difficulties and move on. However, it is a common phenomenon that freshmen lack life goals. Before the college entrance examination, the students' goal is clear: to study hard and be admitted to the university, which is the biggest motivation for their previous study. This goal disappears when you enter the university. At this time, freshmen are most likely to lose their goals. Many freshmen find that their previous learning advantages no longer exist and lose their sense of superiority. At the same time, they found that many students who are better than themselves will inevitably have inferiority complex. Some freshmen were not interested in their major and were tired of learning because of their blind psychology when they volunteered at that time.
Thirdly, strategies to improve the quality of freshmen's entrance education.
1. Traditional military training education, rules and regulations education and professional education are necessary.
To a certain extent, freshmen can have a certain understanding of the school, major and college students' code of conduct, cultivate students' enthusiasm for school and organizational discipline, and prepare for college life.
2. Do a good job in class construction and lay a solid foundation.
Establishing a good class group is conducive to building a good class spirit and learning atmosphere, which can drive students to study hard. Therefore, class construction should start from the following points: (1). Open selection, careful choice. The establishment of class cadres should be democratically elected by students, and qualified class committees should be elected, so as to truly give assigned work and form a communication link between teachers and students.
(2) Grasp discipline and promote class style. Forming a good class spirit is conducive to enhancing the cohesion of the class collective and enhancing students' sense of collective honor and belonging. According to the situation in the class, establish the daily rules in the class and strengthen the cultivation of organizational discipline. (3) Grasp the backbone and cultivate a new style. The backbone of the class mainly includes class cadres, party member, party member, party activists and dormitory directors. Through strict management of the backbone and diligent communication, we will set a good example and drive everyone to make progress together.
3. Do a good job in dormitory culture and create? Home? culture
The construction of dormitory culture is a part of campus culture. Students have a long time to rest, study, entertain and communicate here, and many ideological problems will emerge here. Therefore, class teachers and counselors should often go to the dormitory to talk with students, try to solve students' practical problems and lay a good foundation for dormitory culture construction. In addition, a dormitory cultural festival, a dormitory decoration contest and a dormitory interior contest will be held to actively create a warm dormitory atmosphere. Only by building a warm family can we achieve outstanding people.
In a word, freshmen's entrance education is a very important link, which can help students adapt to college life and complete their learning tasks. We should take the entrance education of freshmen as a systematic project, establish a strong sense of collective honor, establish a positive class spirit and create a harmonious dormitory? Home? Culture helps them understand the direction, establish new life goals and guide students to take the first step at a new starting point.