65438+American educational innovation movement at the end of 2009 and the beginning of the 20th century. Its nature is similar to the new education movement in Europe. It is an integral part of the social reform movement carried out by the United States at the end of 19 to meet the needs of industrial revolution, urban-rural transformation, frontier development and a large number of immigrants. The movement opposes the tendency of the United States to follow the European formalism curriculum, the outdated textbooks and teaching methods, the numerous rules and regulations, the serious disconnection between education and production, and the replacement of them with brand-new curriculum design and novel teaching methods. F.W. Parker, the founder of progressive education, tried new teaching methods for the first time in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1970s, and founded Quincy teaching method. His educational reform was regarded as a new starting point in the history of American education. In particular, he emphasized that children are the center of teaching activities, and all spiritual and moral activities depend on children's self-activities, which became one of the direct sources of Dewey's educational thought.

From 65438 to 0896, Dewey opened an experimental school at the University of Chicago. He combined factors such as manual training, new teaching methods and the connection between school and society at that time, and was considered as a great contribution to the progressive education movement. At the beginning of the 20th century, M johnson opened an organic education school in Fairhope, Alabama, which was similar to J.-J. Rousseau's idea. Johnson stressed that children's interest and ability development should not be restricted, and teachers' leading, fixed courses and exams should be lifted. Since the 1920s, a large number of progressive schools have been established. The progressive education movement not only affects primary and secondary education, but also affects higher education. 19 19 The United States established the Progressive Education Association, and 1920 announced seven principles for improving primary schools: children's natural free development; Take interest as the driving force of all homework activities; Teachers are the instructors of teaching, but they cannot cover everything; Scientific research on children's development; Pay attention to all factors that affect children's physical development; Schools and families should cooperate closely to meet the needs of children's lives; Affirm the leading position of progressive schools in the educational movement. In the late 1930s, the progressive education movement reached its peak, with more than 10,000 members of the Progressive Education Association, which had a great influence. After World War II, the progressive education movement gradually declined because it was considered that the quality of education could not be improved. 1955 The disintegration of the Progressive Education Association and the closure of the Progressive Education in 1957 marked the end of an era in American pedagogy. However, progressive education, as a trend of thought, still has a certain impact on American contemporary education.