1, the integrated high school dual-track system is academic education and vocational education. Academic education develops from top to bottom, that is, there are universities first, then there are preparatory schools for secondary education (grammar schools), and then there are preparatory schools for grammar schools for primary education. Burden the cultivation of academic talents and management talents; Vocational education, its development is bottom-up, that is, there are primary schools first, and then vocational schools established for the development of industrial society, which bear the heavy responsibility of cultivating skilled labor, and the two tracks are not connected with each other.

2. The advantage of the two tracks is that the school system has a clear division of labor and undertakes the responsibilities of elite education and mass education respectively, which improves the efficiency of running schools. Its biggest drawback is that it seriously damages the equality of educational opportunities and deviates from the basic spirit of popularization and fairness of modern education.

3. Pedagogy is a social science that studies educational phenomena and problems, summarizes the scientific theory and practice of human educational activities, explores and solves practical educational problems encountered in the process of the emergence and development of educational activities, and thus reveals the general laws of education.

4. Education is an activity widely existing in human social life and purposefully cultivating talents. The research of pedagogy is objective, inevitable, stable, repetitive, realistic, dialectical and scientific.