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Briefly describe the representative views on the origin of education in history.
Answer: (1) According to the theory of biological origin, education is an instinctive behavior shared by humans and animals in the process of species evolution. The representatives of this theory are French sociologist Letourneaux and British educator Percy Neng. The theory of biological origin indicates that the problem of educational origin has begun to shift from mythical explanation to scientific explanation. Its fundamental mistake is that it fails to grasp the purpose and sociality of human education, fails to distinguish the qualitative difference between human educational behavior and animal feeding behavior, and only discusses the origin of teaching from the perspective of external behavior rather than internal purpose, thus exploring the origin of teaching from biology. (2) The theory of psychological origin holds that the initial forms and methods of education are mainly children's unconscious imitation of adults in their daily lives. The theory of psychological origin of education is regarded by academic circles as a criticism of the theory of biological origin of self-teaching, and its representative figure is Yu Lu, an American educator. This view is different from the biological origin theory, but it is also similar to the biological origin theory. Because if education originated from the "unconscious imitation" of adult behavior by children in primitive society, then this "unconscious imitation" is definitely not acquired, but genetic, innate rather than acquired, that is, instinctive, rather than cultural and social. It's just that this instinct is human instinct, not animal instinct, which is where Meng Ruby, letourneau and Percy can make progress. However, Meng Lu did not point out the boundary between human-like instinct and animal-like instinct. (3) The labor origin theory of education, also known as the social practice origin theory of education, was formed under the guidance of Marxist historical materialism theory and on the basis of directly criticizing the biological origin theory and the psychological origin theory. There are many scholars who hold this view, mainly the Soviet Union and China. Most educational historians and educators in the Soviet Union and China agree with this view. In addition, there are theories on the origin of scientific society and the origin of national culture. According to the origin theory of science education, school education originated from the common activities of "boys, girls, children, teenagers and the elderly" in the early primitive society. The theory of the origin of national culture holds that teaching self originates from national culture.