Entrepreneurship education is a brand-new educational theory put forward by UNESCO when discussing the development trend of international education facing 2 1 century. 1989 165438+ the international symposium on education facing the 2 1 century was held in Beijing at the end of October and the beginning of February. When discussing the educational concept of the 2 1 century, the conference report put forward a brand-new concept: "entrepreneurship education" (enterprising spirit and pioneering skills education). That is to say, people facing the 2 1 century need to obtain a "third learning certificate", that is, a certificate of entrepreneurship education, in addition to a certificate of cultural knowledge and a certificate of vocational skills. And further pointed out that "this needs to improve the education of entrepreneurship and pioneering skills to the same status as the current academic qualifications and vocational education passports." As a result, academic ability, vocational and technical ability and entrepreneurial ability have become an organic whole, which has received universal attention. UNESCO pointed out: In a broad sense, entrepreneurship education is to cultivate individuals with pioneering spirit. Entrepreneurship education is very important for cultivating individual initiative and adventurous spirit, the ability to start a business and work independently, as well as technical, social and management skills. UNESCO requires colleges and universities to take entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurship as the basic goals of higher education and raise them to the same important position as academic research and vocational education. Entrepreneurship education is essentially an educational activity to cultivate students' entrepreneurial awareness, entrepreneurial quality and entrepreneurial skills, that is, to cultivate students' ways and means to adapt to social survival, improve their ability and start their own businesses. Entrepreneurship education among college students is actually a part of quality education and innovation education for college students, a long-term plan to adapt to the development of knowledge economy, broaden students' employment channels and build a national innovation system, and an expansion of the functions of higher education.

Second, the significance of strengthening college students' entrepreneurship education

(A) Entrepreneurship education is an urgent need to build an innovative country.

Improving the ability of independent innovation and building an innovative country is the core of the national development strategy and the key to improving the comprehensive national strength. The primary problem of building an innovative country is to cultivate innovative spirit and a large number of innovative talents in the whole society, which depends to a great extent on entrepreneurship education. From the international and domestic historical experience, enterprises play an important role in the innovation system, especially with the establishment and gradual improvement of the market economic system, enterprises play an increasingly important role in independent innovation. The establishment and development of enterprises can not be separated from entrepreneurship education.

(B) Entrepreneurship education is the need to deepen the reform of higher education

Foreign experience shows that the effective implementation of entrepreneurship education can cultivate and bring up millions of small entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial spirit and ability, which can not only promote social and economic development, but also optimize the allocation of human resources and alleviate the pressure of social employment. Deepening the reform of higher education is to change the traditional thinking mode of employment education, so that college graduates are not only job seekers, but also job creators. This kind of entrepreneurship education is an urgent requirement for deepening the reform of higher education under the background of popularization.

(C) Entrepreneurship education is to alleviate the severe employment situation of college students.

The number of college graduates in China is increasing every year, and the employment situation is still grim. In this severe employment situation, students' self-employment will become an important way of employment. In addition, in recent years, China has implemented a series of financial policies to support the development of private small and medium-sized enterprises, and entrepreneurial upsurge has appeared in all walks of life. "Entrepreneurship drives employment" has become the choice of the times, and the government has also introduced a number of policies and measures to encourage college students to start businesses. In this case, it is particularly necessary to carry out entrepreneurship education for college students.

Third, ways and means to strengthen entrepreneurship education for college students

(A) to create a good atmosphere for college students' entrepreneurship education

First of all, it is necessary to form a strong and relaxed academic atmosphere on campus, which is conducive to the development of students' good personality, create an atmosphere of optimal allocation of resources, raise entrepreneurship education to the level of creating wealth for society and solving problems in spirit and public opinion, and let entrepreneurs become role models in the minds of college students in the new era. Secondly, colleges and universities should build a scientific, reasonable, coordinated and effective organization and management system, and establish a vertical and horizontal leadership coordination mechanism. With the support and participation of the academic affairs office, the student affairs office, the employment office, the Youth League Committee, the science and technology office, the alumni association and other departments, all relevant departments should work together around the goal of entrepreneurship education and the cultivation of entrepreneurial talents, and do their own jobs, so as to truly take entrepreneurship education as a systematic project. Third, establish a team of high-quality teachers to meet the needs of entrepreneurship education. It is necessary to carry out regular training and hold academic experience exchange meetings to continuously improve the quality and level of entrepreneurship education teachers.

(B) to strengthen the construction of college students' entrepreneurship curriculum system

First, help students build a reasonable entrepreneurial knowledge structure, reserve knowledge, educate and guide students to fully understand the profound meaning of entrepreneurship, understand the various abilities and qualities needed for entrepreneurship, integrate entrepreneurship education into professional education courses, fully infiltrate entrepreneurship education, and enhance students' comprehensive entrepreneurial knowledge ability. Second, we should strengthen entrepreneurship practice education. Practice course is an important part of university teaching, but from the perspective of implementing the training goal of innovation and entrepreneurship, the current practice teaching needs to be strengthened urgently. First of all, it is necessary to establish an internship base inside and outside the school and change the final internship into a process internship. Conditional schools should engage in projects together with the practice base and attend classes together with the problems needed by the projects, so that the classes are more targeted. Secondly, we should create conditions for students to participate in teachers' scientific research work, so that students can enter scientific research work earlier and get in touch with reality as soon as possible. Thirdly, please ask the scientific researchers of enterprises and internship units to talk about the frontier issues, research directions and main thinking problems of their own units, guide students to pay attention to finding problems, let students enrich and enrich the knowledge and entrepreneurial experience of college students from all aspects, stimulate their entrepreneurial passion, and form and deepen their entrepreneurial ability.

(3) Build a platform to serve college students in innovation and entrepreneurship.

First, vigorously carry out business plan competition to stimulate college students' entrepreneurial enthusiasm. The College Students' Entrepreneurship Plan Competition is an important part of college students' scientific and technological innovation activities led by the "Challenge Cup" and a new carrier of China college students' scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship activities. The scientific and technological competition activities to cultivate students' innovative spirit, practical ability and entrepreneurial consciousness by carrying out business plan competition and spread the concept of venture capital and independent entrepreneurship provide a platform for young students to practice, exercise and improve themselves, and it is also an effective way to promote the transformation of school scientific research achievements into real productivity. The second is to achieve school-enterprise cooperation and strive to build a new platform for business incubators. University business incubator is a kind of organization similar to business incubator. By providing training and consultation on shared facilities, business premises, communication, network, office and system in R&D, as well as support in policy, financing, law and marketing, the risk and cost of students' entrepreneurship can be reduced, the success rate of students' entrepreneurship can be improved, and future entrepreneurial talents and entrepreneurs can be incubated for the society. University business incubator can be represented as university science park and off-campus practice base, which is an important carrier to realize entrepreneurship education. Actively building off-campus teaching practice bases, social practice bases, social entrepreneurship education bases, youth entrepreneurship bases and other entrepreneurship education bases can make full use of social resources to strengthen entrepreneurship education, enable students to be influenced by entrepreneurship in professional practice, and cultivate entrepreneurial spirit, practical ability, innovative consciousness and team spirit.

(D) Pay attention to the combination of "production, learning and research"

Enterprises that promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements can rely on university entrepreneurship centers to establish a wide range of external contact networks with the society, including entrepreneurship training institutions, entrepreneurship qualification evaluation institutions, small business development centers, entrepreneurs' alumni associations, entrepreneurs' associations, etc. To form an entrepreneurial education ecosystem with benign interactive development among universities, communities and enterprises, and effectively develop and integrate all kinds of entrepreneurial resources in society. Students who do technical research can transfer their patented technology or start a business through technology shares. Carry out entrepreneurship education, on the basis of cultivating students' ability of invention and creation, cultivate students' ability to realize the market, so that students in school have entrepreneurial consciousness and spirit, entrepreneurial skills, the ability to adapt to the environment and actively transform society. This will help to realize the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, improve China's scientific and technological innovation ability, and thus realize the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education.