1500 years ago, Yan Zhitui met Jinyang City in Shanghai.
During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yan Zhitui recorded such a thing in his book "Mianxue of Yan Family Instructions": "I am lucky to be in the state. From Jingxing Pass to Shangai Pass, there is a hunting village dozens of miles east of the county seat. Later, Guan Bai got horse food in Jinyang (more than 100 miles east of the city). I don't know where these two places are, and I have never understood them. And check the Woods and Ji Yun. Do you know that Hunting is old? Jade Chrysanthemum and Kangqiu used to be pavilions, belonging to Shang Ai. At that time, Wang Shao of Taiyuan wanted to write a note about the township. When they heard that, they were overjoyed. "
This should be the clearest record of pacifying Guzhou in China historical documents, however, it is also the most puzzling paragraph. There may be a historical truth hidden behind this inexplicable: Lielu Village, Kangqiu City and Jinyang City all belong to Shang 'ai County. In other words, Jinyang City, the capital of Jin State in history, was pacified in Guzhou and now belongs to Yangquan City. Is this what Yan Zhitui said reliable?
Yan Zhitui's words must have been seen by Qi Junzao of Shouyang Pingshu. He interprets them this way: In the sixth year of Xianfeng, Qi Junzao of Shouyang wrote in Preface to Pavilion Collection: "Pavilion is an ancient monument in my hometown. I read "Family Instructions of Yan's Family" and was delighted with its strange words. I'm going to build a pavilion in Fangshan, where the school will retire. Up to now, I am willing to fail, take a collection of names and look forward to it with ambition. "
It can be seen that Qi Junzao not only saw this passage, but also directly moved Pavilion Collection to Shouyang. Therefore, Qi Junzao also named his anthology Pavilion Collection. Three generations of imperial teachers like these strange characters, but they are so unreasonable and very cute. Moreover, Qi Junzao's interpretation has a direct impact on the compilation of Shouyang County Records.
The Guangxu edition of Shouyang County Records reads: "Pavilion, Yan's family training in the Northern Qi Dynasty said:' Jinyang is more than a hundred miles away from the city. I don't know where this is. And look up "Woods" and "Ji Yun", but it is just a pavilion to know the old. Belongs to Shang 'ai County. According to Ma Shou Nong Yan,' Zong Ai, doubt is love, so it is called it. Also self-titled "Pavilion Map Preface" cloud:' This is Taiyuan County, so Jinyang is also. The Northern Qi Dynasty moved Jinyang to the east of Fenshui, and the pavilion was more than a hundred miles east of Jinyang. Today, Shouyang County. ”"
Don't say that Yan Zhitui personally came to Shanggai County and saw Jinyang City in Shanggai County. It is extremely serious to doubt that Shouyang Zong Ai is a mountain lover. Then, starting from Jinyang City, Taiyuan, he searched for pavilions hundreds of miles east, thus entering Shouyang. The problem is that you ignored Yan Zhitui's conclusion, "knowing that it is Shang Ai", or simply moved Shang Ai to Shouyang, just to show that the pavilion is in Shouyang. Is this a bit unreasonable? Ma Shou Shi Zhan is one of Qi Junzao's representative works. If nothing else, the love for hometown between the lines has touched us today. I can only regard Qi Junzao's interpretation as his old man's love for the pavilion, which is simply fanaticism.
He not only likes it, but also wants to build a new pavilion in Fangshan, Shouyang. Before it was built, I named my anthology after the pavilion and erected a monument to the pavilion in culture. In the portraits and poems of 72-year-old Brother Yuzhuang for 65-year-old Qi Junzao, we can see: "There is a bright moon at the edge of Mashou City and an autumn mountain outside the pavilion. When I respect each other like a guest, poetry will spare me. " The pavilion is like a scene of Shouyang.
Coincidentally, Zhang Mu, a great cultural figure in Qing Dynasty, is unique. He is a native of Dayangquan Village, Pingding Prefecture and is known as the hometown of Yangquan. Zhang Mu, a scholar boat, was named "Jingyang Tingchang" in his later years. In the Qing Dynasty, a group of people and Zhang Mu, the curator of Jingyang Pavilion, recited poems and painted, leaving an elegant and interesting story, from which we can all see the shadow of Jingyang Pavilion.
What's "misty rain returning to Zhangzhou Shizhou for farming" has "suddenly showing misty rain, Jingyang Pavilion is in a hurry". Zeng Guofan's "Title Zhang Shizhou" and "Rain Returning to Agriculture" also have a poem "The old man in Jingyang is not hungry, and he has lost his book history for forty years", which is called Zhang Mu's late number.
The Picture of Misty Rain Returning to Agriculture was written by Dai Cang, a painter from Qiantang, for Zhu Yizun in Shaoxing during the reign of Kangxi. Zhu Yizun, the word tin, bamboo. To this end, Zhu Yizun filled out the "Hundred Characters Order? The painting says "self-titled portrait". Later, this painting became a spiritual carnival and a pen and ink event for the literati in the Qing Dynasty. In February of the 28th year of Daoguang (1848), He copied a picture of Returning Fields and wrote lyrics on it according to the original rhyme of Zhu Yi.
Zhang Mu wrote in Rain Returning to Fields: "I'm tired of traveling. Ask a few people to believe me, a mountain freak. Hard work is the foundation of the rest of my life, just a few books. Spring is in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and I am old, so is my job. The mountain hall is in sight, and the line is folded to the ear.
Laughing bamboo, playing Fu in those days, was my teacher Tianshui. It's hard to see the establishment of the country, so why go to Yan Ge? Hunting weeds, Jingyang pavilion and ancient times, farming my family. Qing Qing, what Yuan Ming should say today is. "
The Shaanxi Provincial Museum now houses a book "Returning Rain to Fields" by Zhang Mu scholar Wu Yi. This volume begins with the title "Rain Returns to Agriculture" and ends with "Jingyang Pavilion belongs to Dongzhou". Later, 38 people including He He, Qi Junzao, Feng Zhiyi, Miao Kui, Zeng Guofan, He and Feng Shixun wrote inscriptions. Painting a relaxed man, Dai Li came home with hemp fiber and a hoe in the drizzle. Zhang Mu left two inscriptions in his paintings, rich in ink and concise in pen. There are six seals on the front and back of the inscription, namely "Jingyang Pavilion", "Jingyang Pavilion" and "Zhang Mu Seal".
Although Zhang Mu lives in Beijing, he is homesick and eager to return to the countryside in his later years. We can feel his deep homesickness from his words. He must have read Yan Zhitui's books and seen Yan Zhitui's hometown. In the ancient name of "Shangai", he has a special liking for Jingyang Pavilion, and he named himself "Jingyang Pavilion". Of course, Zhang Mu is a master of geography. A textbook-level Mongolian Nomads with a volume of 16 is unparalleled so far, but he is cautious in textual research in his hometown. Even if you look through all Zhang Mu's works, you can't find a conclusion like Qi Junzao's. So, this one wrote "Hunting fields and gathering grass, Jingyang Pavilion is ancient" in his own words, and thought it was "agriculture". Perhaps in Zhang Mu's heart, he has infinite respect for what Yan Zhitui said. Although he could not confirm the location of Jin Jinyang City, he was convinced that what Yan Zhitui saw was true, and solemnly declared to the world that Jingyang Pavilion was in my hometown with the name "Jingyang Pavilion".
Wu Wen, a Zhou Pu poet who was praised as a "fairy" by Wang Shizhen, a literary leader in the early Qing Dynasty, wrote the poem "Pacify the Road": "? Do you know the rest of the settlement pavilion, Jingxing Mountain Road East? Yan Jia loved strange words for a long time, and Yuping Peak recorded new poems. " It can be seen that Yan Zhitui's words have an influence on later literati. Once you step into the ancient road of Pingding, how can you be called a literate person without knowing these ancient characters?
The same thing is in the state records. There are words in both Qianlong and Guangxu editions of the Annals of Pingding Prefecture: "Hunting, siege, Yan Zhiyun, Miao Sheng, telling the story of Yan Yanzhi, assistant minister of Huangmen in Northern Qi Dynasty. Wu Yun tasted that there was a hunting village in the east of Shangai County in Jingxing Pass, and the official led the horse food in Jinyang East for more than a hundred miles. I don't know where the two schools are, and I have searched for it in ancient and modern times. When the pavilion learned that it belonged to Shang Ai and Wang Shao of Taiyuan and wanted to write a note about this town, it was a pleasure for the two to get together and hate the old.
The content of the article quoted in Zhou Zhi is the same as that in Yan Jia Xun Mian Xue, except that Miao Sheng's account of the family instructions in the Northern Qi Dynasty is wrong. The author of Family Instructions is Yan Zhitui, assistant minister of Huangmen in Northern Qi Dynasty, but who is this Yan Yanzhi? The family precepts here are indeed Yan's family precepts, but they are not the same person as Yan Zhitui.
Who's Yan Zhitui? Who's Yan Yanzhi?
Yan Hui, a disciple of Confucius and the ancestor of Yan, was originally from Linyi (now Linyi, Shandong). His great-grandfather was the "ancestor" of Yan's crossing the river, and the Book of Jin has been handed down to this day. Yan Zhitui, the author of Yan Family Instructions, is also a human being. In Yan Zhitui's My Outlook on Life, it is mentioned that "Langya is the old chapter of Jinling", which shows that Yan Jia has been living in Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). Yan Yanzhi is the 30th Yan, Yan Zhitui is the 35th, and Yan Zhenqing, the great calligrapher we are familiar with, is the 40th.
Yan Yanzhi (384 ~ 456), whose name is Yan nian, was a writer of Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. Yan Yanzhi and Tao Yuanming had a close personal relationship, and the beauty of his articles was the highest at that time, which was as famous as Xie Lingyun's words and colors, and was called "Xie Yan". Yan Zhitui (53 1 year-about 597 years), a word agent, was assistant minister of Huangmen in Northern Qi Dynasty.
Obviously, when Yan Lun edited Pingding County Records (Yan Zhi Edition) for the first time in Ming Dynasty, the Miao student made a mistake with the author when he quoted Yan Family Instructions for the first time. Yan Zhitui had been dead for more than one hundred years when he wrote Family Instructions of Yan. It's a pity that such a mistake actually came from the Pingding County Annals revised during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and spread to the Guangxu edition through the Qianlong edition. Fortunately, Family Instructions of Yan is not only a literary masterpiece, but also an educational classic. This flaw in local chronicles is harmless and will not affect the author's conclusion.
In the Tang Dynasty, some people commented that Yan Zhitui, assistant minister of Huangmen in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was brilliant in learning, with high mountains and deep seas, and was often a senior official of the court. Fan Wenlan, a historian of modern history, also said: Yan Zhitui was the most knowledgeable and thoughtful scholar in the Southern and Northern Dynasties at that time. After going through the north and south, I know the disadvantages of political vulgarity in the north and south, and I know the advantages and disadvantages of learning from the south and using it in the north. He studied almost all the knowledge, big and small, and put forward his own opinions. Twenty articles in Yan Family Instructions are the records of these opinions. (Outline of General History of China)
Based on this, I think this passage by Yan Zhitui is a true record of the facts at that time and has its historical and cultural value. 1500 years has passed, but the historical and cultural information behind his short speech has not been well interpreted. This is really the biggest disrespect for this sacred land under our feet, and even a profound injury.
I added punctuation, which is different from the popular version on the market. In order to understand correctly, I still try to translate this passage: Yan Zhitui I once visited Taiyuan with Gao Yang, Emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty. From entering Jingxingguan and Jiuguan, it entered the territory of Shang 'ai County. From Shang 'ai County to the east, there is a village called Lielu Village. Then, the officials accepted the horse food and came to Jinyang City, which is next to Kangqiu City, which is more than 0/00 miles east of Shanggai County. At that time, I didn't know where these two place names originally came from, but I couldn't understand them either. Why didn't I know this "hunting village" was ancient? Yuju ",and this" Kang "is the ancient" Pavilion ",and these places belong to Shang 'ai County. At that time, Wang Shao, a native of Taiyuan, was trying to compile a book reflecting the changes of local villages and towns, because he was very happy to hear these two rare place names.
In this way, Yan Zhitui followed Emperor Levin who ascended the throne at the age of 2 1 and entered Shang 'ai County from Jingxingguan. He didn't go directly to Taiyuan, but walked dozens of miles east from the county seat and saw Lielu Village. Further east, you will reach the place where Wu Wen Guanbai receives horse food hundreds of miles east of the county seat, which is Jinyang City next to Kangqiu City. The problem is that Yan Zhitui is not surprised to see Jin Yangcheng here. Instead, it was the two place names along the way that inspired his great curiosity. Find out, so that's it. Yan Zhitui, who found the source, thought he had solved the problem, so he wrote this story for later generations, as an example of how to get to the bottom of it and handed it down as a family motto. This attitude was correct at the beginning, and the style of study was rigorous. So, Yan Zhitui recorded what he saw and heard, and regarded it as a true and reliable historical fact.
Shang 'ai County, today's Pingding County, has never been questioned since ancient times. The Guangxu edition of the Annals of Pingding Prefecture contains: "When Pingding (Qin) settled in 36 counties, it moved to Taiyuan." "Han belongs to Taiyuan County." "The Eastern Han Dynasty belongs to Changshan country (where it is now Zhengding, Hebei Province). Jin belongs to Leping County and is located in Leping County (now Xiyang, Shanxi Province). " "The Northern Wei Dynasty changed its history and righteousness, and Zhenjun was nine years old (448) and Xiaochang was six years old (there were only three years of filial piety in the Northern Wei Dynasty and six years of no filial piety). But the first year of Xiao Chang, Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty, was also the sixth year of his reign, so it should be 525 years. "That is to say, Shangai County since the Qin and Han Dynasties was renamed as Stone Pass at the beginning of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and it was renamed Shangai in less than one hundred years at the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
According to Volume 7 of the History of the North compiled by Li Shishi and his son li yanshou, Gao Yang, Emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty, ascended the throne in the southern suburb of Yecheng on May 10th, the first year of Tianbao (550). On September 23rd, "luckily Jinyang. On the same day, the Crown Prince entered the Qingfengtang to supervise the country. " On the third day of October in winter, the emperor rode a golden cart and "went into Jin Yanggong to see the Queen Mother in the inner hall." On the fifth day of the fifth year, prisoners in four prisons, namely, Bingzhou, Taiyuan, Jinyang and Guo Xiang, were pardoned. This should be recorded in the official history of Yan Zhitui's participation in "Emperor Wenxuan is lucky for Jinyang".
According to common sense, when the son became emperor, he returned to his birthplace in gorgeous clothes. The urgent task is to meet his mother and let her enjoy the glory of mother and son. However, don't you think it's unusual to come to Jinyang on September 23rd and enter the inner hall of Jin Yanggong ten days later to meet your mother, the Empress Dowager? Besides, do you know who this queen mother is? That is the famous Lou Zhaojun in history.