Yan Fu served as the superintendent (i.e. the principal) of Wanjiang Middle School (now Wuhu No.1 Middle School) in 1905, actively advocated the enlightenment education of western learning, and completed the translation of the famous Theory of Evolution. His translation is different from Huxley's original work and Spencer's theory of cosmic evolution. In the theory of evolution, Yan Fu expounded his viewpoint of saving the nation from extinction by the theory of biological evolution of "natural selection" and "survival of the fittest", and advocated inspiring people's strength, enlightening people's wisdom, promoting new people's morality, striving for self-improvement and calling for saving the nation from extinction. The translation is concise and advocates the translation standard of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance".