With the development of China's economy, people put forward higher requirements for the all-round development of society. At this time, the product of backward economic foundation-centralization system, inevitably becomes an obstacle to social progress. First of all, in the economic field, the dual centralization system of China's political economy has caused serious unfair distribution of social wealth. While eliminating absolute poverty, economic development has deepened relative poverty, resulting in relative overproduction and unsustainable economic development. The disparity between the rich and the poor has also caused a vicious circle of "low income, low price and low quality". Society has produced a large number of cheap and inferior products, which has caused great waste of manpower, material resources and environmental resources. The dual concentration of political power and economic power has formed a corporatized government and a departmental company. The former directly occupies social wealth in the form of various taxes and fees, while the latter indirectly occupies social wealth in the form of monopoly operation. Under the protection of power, they always tend to seize social wealth excessively, and society is squeezed by these two forces to produce a sense of fatigue of "working but not getting rich", which inhibits the vitality of society to create wealth through labor. Moreover, the concentration of political power and economic power makes the centralized system more powerful, and it is easier to distort the market mechanism and more seriously damage market fairness. When great wealth can be obtained through power speculation, it becomes irrelevant to create wealth through innovation, and it becomes a common social phenomenon to obtain wealth quickly through various unscrupulous means.