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Guiding principles and characteristics of the new academic system
1922 In September, the Ministry of Education held a special conference on academic system in Beijing. The meeting slightly revised the Proposal on Educational System Reform put forward by the National Federation of Education Societies, and submitted it to the eighth annual meeting of the Federation of Education Societies held in Jinan in June 1922 for comments. Finally, in June of 1 1, the proposal on school system reform was promulgated in the form of presidential decree. Is this 1922? New academic system? , or? Academic system? Because of the American-style 633 division method, also known as? Six, three, three academic systems? .

First,? New academic system? Guiding principles of

In order to make the formulation of the new academic system have clear guiding principles, the seventh annual meeting of the National Federation of Education Societies was held in? Draft academic system? The opening of the book was put forward? Solution standard? Six items, also an important reform measure in the field of education at that time, decided to abolish the educational purpose of the early Republic of China and replace it with? The essence of education? . Promulgated on 1922? What is the standard of educational system reform? That is, on this basis, plus? Pay attention to life education? A project. ? New academic system? The criteria are: ① meeting the needs of social evolution; ② Carry forward the spirit of civilian education; ③ Seeking the development of personality; ④ Attach importance to the national economic strength; ⑤ Pay attention to life education; ⑥ Make education easy to popularize; ⑦ Leave more room for expansion around.

These seven standards have officially replaced the educational purpose in the early Republic of China, and the mainstream they embody has been advocated since the New Culture Movement? Democracy? With what? Science? This spirit, especially the pragmatic educational thought, had a far-reaching impact on a series of educational reforms in the Republic of China.

Second,? New academic system? Characteristics of

First, divide the education stages according to the law of physical and mental development of school-age children. ? Six, three, three academic systems? The different stages of education are basically divided according to the characteristics of the physical and mental development of China teenagers, which is the first time in the history of modern education system in China.

Second, the primary education stage tends to be rational and more pragmatic. It shortens the period of primary school from seven years to six years, and the primary school is divided into two levels, four years for compulsory education and two years for senior primary school, which is conducive to popularizing primary education. Kindergartens have also been brought into the primary education stage, which connects preschool education with primary education and establishes the position of preschool education in the history of education in China.

Third, the secondary education stage is the core of the system reform and the essence of the new academic system. (1) The length of secondary school is extended from four years to six years, which improves the level of secondary school education, overcomes the shortcoming of poor basic knowledge caused by only four years of secondary school in the old academic system, and improves the connection between secondary school and university. The middle school is divided into junior high school and senior high school, which not only increases the flexibility of local schools, but also increases students' choices. (3) Middle schools implement the system of selecting subjects and dividing subjects, so that students have more room for development and meet the needs of students at different levels of development.

Fourth, the new academic system has strengthened vocational education, the most obvious feature of which is to give consideration to further studies and employment. For example, in the advanced stage of primary school, it is required to consider local conditions and increase vocational education preparation; Offering various vocational courses in middle schools enables students to prepare for further study and find jobs as soon as possible.

Fifth, in normal education, we should increase the types, increase the degree accordingly, and set it flexibly. (1) In the secondary education stage, teachers' schools have studied for six years, and the last three years of teachers' schools implement the group selection system; (2) Normal schools can recruit junior high school graduates two or three years after their establishment; (3) In the stage of higher education, the still-established higher normal school will be changed into a normal university, and an education department will be set up in the university to recruit graduates from higher normal schools or middle schools.

Sixth, in the stage of higher education, shortening the length of higher education and canceling the pre-university courses will make universities no longer undertake the task of general education, which is conducive to professional education and scientific research.

What else is there? Supplementary provisions? Second, first, pay attention to gifted education, and have to change the length of study and curriculum, so that excellent intelligence can be developed as much as possible; The second is to attach importance to special education.

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