199 1 The second international conference on holistic education held in the United States proposed that education should implement environmental education with ecological world outlook and ecological theory, readjust the relationship between man and nature, and make human beings know nature and live in harmony with it. This paper analyzes and studies the core issue of holistic education-environmental education, in order to guide the current environmental education practice.
Keywords: holistic education; Ideological trend; environmental education
At present, environmental problems have become the main factors affecting global development. The key to solve this problem lies in strengthening people's cognition of nature and changing people's attitude towards nature in their lives. Therefore, we should pay full attention to the development of environmental education. 199 1 the second international conference on holistic education held in the United States clearly pointed out that people should not over-exploit natural resources, should maintain awe of nature, should maintain a harmonious relationship between man and nature, and should not artificially control or dominate nature.
A world view of the trend of whole-person education: ecological world view
From the ecological world view, the relationship between human beings and the environment is very close, mainly because human survival depends on the environment, and human beings are also the creators of the environment. The ecological worldview in the whole-person education trend of thought is called the systematic ecological worldview, and its focus is mainly on the integration of the global ecological environment. Whole brain thinking is its main way of thinking, which combines intuition with reason and deduction with induction. The ecological world outlook mainly includes the following aspects: 1. Respect for life. We should organically combine people's objective achievements with people's spirit, immanence and thoughts of being in charge, and emphasize that material can only achieve its value if it fundamentally brings happiness to people's lives. It is impossible to estimate the highest value of life through quantitative indicators, such as personal development, love, happiness and beauty. 2. Ecological vision. People mainly believe that all life on earth is sacred. In the process of looking at and understanding the world, we should hold the heart of respect and awe, rather than simply controlling and dominating the world. All life on the earth is related to human existence to some extent, and we should avoid destroying the biological chain. 3. Spiritual vision. It is mainly believed that human existence on the earth is a kind of spiritual existence, human spirit, culture and personal expression are in a constantly changing trend, willful development is in an endless state, and human potential is infinite, so there should be no losers in a harmonious and fair society. 4. Global vision. It is mainly believed that under the background of atomic age, wars between countries will lead to the extinction of human beings, and only through diversified development can human beings achieve spiritual and material consistency.
Second, the goal of environmental education in the trend of holistic education is to readjust the relationship between man and nature.
In the ideological trend of holistic education, the relationship between man and nature mainly emphasizes man's understanding of nature and attaches importance to the harmonious relationship between man and nature. Therefore, in holistic education, the main purpose of environmental education is to readjust the relationship between man and nature. In the process of adjustment, we should first change the behavior and concept of human beings on the natural environment and attach importance to the cultivation of human "ecological literacy". The essence of ecological literacy is that human beings fundamentally understand and realize the close relationship between themselves and the surrounding environment. The three elements of ecological literacy mainly include: behavior, care and understanding. The key point is to understand the relationship between nature, society and people, and at the same time handle the relationship between them reasonably. For the cultivation of human ecological literacy, we should let them understand the position of human beings in the process of natural evolution and realize that the relationship between human survival and natural environment is complementary, not antagonistic; At the same time, we should also deeply understand the ecological crisis faced by human society in the process of development, so as to understand that the main reason of the ecological crisis lies in the destruction of the natural environment by human production activities.
Several basic ideas of environmental education in the ideological trend of three-person education
Environmental education in the trend of holistic education mainly includes the following basic assumptions: 1. Environmental education is sustainable and closely related to the development of human society. Students should actively participate in environmental education activities to further understand the fundamental value of environmental education. 2. The direct experience accumulated by human beings in nature can help them further understand nature and is conducive to the cultivation of ecological personality. Environmental education is not simply to explain some environmental concepts, but to experience the significance of environmental education in a natural home. 3. The educational content and methods of environmental education are very important, and its educational purpose is mainly to change human behavior in nature and cultivate ecological personality. Therefore, environmental education should attach importance to practice and participation, not only at the level of preaching education, but also simply as explaining the relevant contents and knowledge of environmental education to students. 4. Harmonious dialogue should be the premise of environmental education for residents, mainly because only by harmonious dialogue with nature can human beings form a sense of residence, and only by maintaining harmonious dialogue can they further understand and respect nature. 5. Environmental education is not only a teaching task, but also the place of environmental education cannot be limited to schools. Environmental education should be integrated into real life, and on this basis, the consciousness of "dwelling" should be awakened. 6. We should have a clear understanding of the complexity of environmental problems and realize that environmental problems can not be effectively solved by the relevant knowledge content of a certain discipline, but by the integration of multi-disciplinary knowledge. 7. Environmental education is not limited to a certain subject. It needs to create a good learning environment so that students can learn in an atmosphere of awe and respect for nature.
Fourth, the main ways of environmental education in the whole-person education trend of thought
Holistic education believes that the ultimate solution of the ecological environment should not rely on the application of science and technology, but should be through education. Because only education can change people's cognition and behavior, and shape the harmonious relationship between man and nature by changing the attitudes and behaviors of generations to nature. First of all, we should change our attitude towards nature from the concept. On the basis of following the principles of deep ecology, holistic education advocates the establishment of ecological nature view, consumption view and development view, and emphasizes a new cultural concept in its own environmental education theory to treat the relationship between man and nature. Secondly, integrated education should be implemented in the process of school teaching. Environmental education in holistic education belongs to a new educational concept, which includes not only the learning of a course knowledge content, but also the learning of multidisciplinary knowledge content. Environmental education should involve all levels of education. At the same time, environmental education should pay full attention to practical links, not limited to schools, but should be integrated into real life. The landscaping, building facilities, campus layout and other aspects of the school have a certain impact on students' environmental awareness, so we should pay attention to the construction of the school environment. We should also pay attention to the important role of extracurricular activities and community activities in environmental education.
Basic principles of environmental education in the trend of whole-person education
Principle of comprehensiveness
In the process of environmental education activities, we should adhere to the overall concept, on this basis, strengthen learners' environmental skills, knowledge and awareness, so that they can better adapt to changing environmental problems, cultivate scientific and reasonable environmental concepts, and fully understand environmental problems in essence.
(2) Ideological and moral principles
Environmental education should pay full attention to the cultivation of learners' sense of responsibility and morality for environmental protection, so that learners can form scientific and reasonable environmental awareness and attitude, and take learners' environmental morality as an important part of their ideological quality.
(3) scientific principles
Environmental education should attach importance to cultivating learners' scientific attitude, and further enhance learners' awareness and ability of scientific inquiry into environmental issues by imparting knowledge of environmental principles.
(D) the principle of integrating theory with practice
In the process of implementing environmental education, we should pay full attention to learners' practical learning, provide them with corresponding practical opportunities, let learners experience the relevant knowledge in environmental education, guide learners to solve related environmental problems, further improve learners' ability to solve environmental problems, strengthen learners' awareness of environmental protection, and make learners actively participate in environmental protection.
Six conclusions
The general environmental education in China is mainly carried out in the following ways: First, environmental education is brought into the category of moral education and ideological and political work; The second is to offer environmental knowledge elective courses; Thirdly, infiltrate environmental education into non-environmental course teaching; Fourthly, carry out environmental education in extracurricular activities and environmental protection publicity and other practical activities. Although people pay more and more attention to environmental education, its actual effect is not ideal because of insufficient popularization, lack of penetration into various disciplines and weak teachers. By studying and studying the concept of environmental education in the thought of holistic education, it has important reference significance and enlightenment value for the development and progress of environmental education in all levels of education in China.
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