According to the requirements of the Notice of the Provincial Employment Service Bureau on the Investigation of the Transfer and Employment of Rural Labor Force in Key Monitoring Towns, Shigaitang Town, Beihu District has truthfully filled out the Questionnaire on the Transfer and Employment of Rural Labor Force in Key Monitoring Towns, talked with village cadres, and worked at home. In the form of personal communication with villagers and telephone survey on the basic situation of individual migrant workers, through a series of surveys on the employment type, employment mode, employment area and employment income of rural labor force, I have mastered the first-hand information, and asked the villagers who work at home and the farmers who go out to work for advice on the difficulties and problems faced by rural labor force transfer and employment, how to enhance their employability and improve the quality of migrant workers. The brief analysis is as follows: Shigaitang Town, located in the southern suburb of Chenzhou City, is a "suburban new town, an important industrial town and a strong economic town" in Beihu District, and its basic economic competitiveness ranks among the top ten towns in the city. There are 8 administrative villages in the town, with a total population of 11950, including 9,406 rural residents, 2,544 urban residents and 2,343 rural surplus laborers (16 to 60 years old). The age structure of the workforce is: 16-20 years old, 180 people, accounting for 7.6%; 0-40 years old 265438+ 1506 people, accounting for 64.2%; 0-60 years old, 465,438+657 people, accounting for 28.0%. Knowledge structure: junior high school education or below 1533, accounting for 65.4%; There are 800 people with high school or technical secondary school education, accounting for 34. 1%.

First, the current transfer of rural labor employment characteristics

1, strong nepotism. Most of the rural labor force is introduced or guided by relatives and friends, and the number of people transferred through the government or professional intermediary organizations is relatively small. In particular, the flow cycle of young labor is long. Some rural youths are completely divorced from agricultural production and have been engaged in mobile employment for a long time. Those who have been floating for more than 5 years account for about 3% of the total number of migrant workers.

2. The flow area is relatively concentrated. Rural migrant workers in Shigaitang Town, Beihu District are all over the country, but the floating areas are relatively concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and Chenzhou City. With the economic strengthening of Shigaitang Town in Beihu District, Yuteng Chemical, Yuxiang Noodle Industry and other enterprises have expanded their production, and the number of migrant workers employed in the town has increased.

It has obvious part-time job. With the development of the secondary and tertiary industries and the improvement of agricultural productivity, a considerable number of farmers have not only retained the right to contract land, but also joined the tide of going out to work, planting land during busy farming hours and going out to work and do business during slack farming hours, which is a double transfer of industry and agriculture.

4, still mainly engaged in pure manual labor. Rural laborers who go out to work account for 65.4% of the education below junior high school. Because of their generally low quality and single skills, this is in contrast with the demand for high-quality and high-skilled talents in the job market. The space for them to go out to work is gradually shrinking, and most of them can only engage in industries with low labor skills, high labor intensity and high risks.

5, from simple migrant workers to individual and private owners. Some migrant workers have mastered certain skills, accumulated certain funds, accumulated certain practical experience, broadened their horizons, increased their knowledge, made full use of their favorable conditions, returned to their hometowns to set up economic entities, and really made a fortune.

Second, some problems in the transfer of rural labor force

1, the transfer mode of rural surplus labor is still blind. Since the reform and opening up, spontaneous transfer has always been the most important way for rural labor to go out. At the same time, due to the imperfection of grass-roots employment information network, the rural surplus labor force lacks sufficient information channels and employment guidance, which leads to great blindness. The disorderly flow of rural labor force makes it more difficult for governments at all levels and relevant functional departments to macro-control the labor force, organize labor export and coordinate urban and rural employment, reduces the utilization rate of labor resources, and also brings some negative effects to social security, urban transportation, housing construction and family planning in the importing areas.

2. The rural labor transfer employment income is relatively low. The survey shows that the overall income of migrant workers is low, of which 572 have a monthly income below that of 800 yuan, accounting for 24.4% of the total number of migrant workers; 800- 1500 yuan has 1480 people, accounting for 63.1%; There are 284 people whose RMB is more than 1500, accounting for 12438+0%. At the same time, their jobs are unstable. The survey shows that 38% of migrant workers work in one place for a long time, and 62% of migrant workers work in two or more places.

3. Rural labor employment is not completely reliable. Due to the long-standing dual economic structure between urban and rural areas, the rural labor force faces many institutional and policy obstacles in the process of transferring to the secondary and tertiary industries. For example, in terms of employment opportunities, compared with urban labor force, rural labor force is more restricted in employment opportunities; In terms of social security and labor protection and welfare, due to the lack of corresponding policies and legal protection and effective supervision, migrant workers are not only far below urban workers in social security and labor protection and welfare, but also have no guarantee. Among the migrant workers, 89.6% signed labor contracts with enterprises, and some of them signed indefinite contracts. 64% of employees participated in the old-age insurance, and a few participated in the industrial injury insurance. In recent years, although the central government has promulgated a series of policies and laws and regulations to protect the rights and interests of migrant workers, it will take some time to fully implement them.

4. Low quality restricts the transfer of surplus labor. The low quality of rural labor force is an important factor restricting the transfer of rural surplus labor force, especially the improvement of transfer level, which is manifested in too many low academic qualifications and very few high academic qualifications; There are many types of physique, and few have received professional training. Affected by the objective conditions of low quality and skills of rural labor force, it is difficult for rural labor force to enter higher-level industries, and the transfer field is getting narrower and narrower.

Third, countermeasures and suggestions to speed up the transfer of rural labor force

1. Improve the system and constantly improve the urban-rural integrated labor market. We should take effective measures, increase investment, strengthen the construction of hardware and software in the labor market for urban-rural communication, strengthen the construction of rural labor security platform and village-level information liaison team, and strive to establish and improve the government-led, socialized service-supported, market-oriented rural labor employment service, training and management system, so as to effectively promote the rural surplus labor force to go out for employment. At the same time, it is necessary to improve policy support, strive to create a good social environment, improve the land contract responsibility system, speed up the orderly transfer of land, and separate the land contract right from the aquaculture management right; Support farmers to work in cities for employment, and implement urban and rural overall employment and equal employment; Actively explore rural endowment insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, etc. So that rural laborers can enjoy the most basic social security and gradually transition to a unified social security system for urban and rural laborers.

2, do a good job in training, and constantly improve the quality of rural labor. First of all, we must carry out ideological guidance. Guide the rural labor force not to blindly crowd the door of the university and realize that vocational skills education is also a good way to make a living. Secondly, it is necessary to increase training. With the development of market economy and the change of growth mode, people from all walks of life have higher and higher requirements for the quality of labor force. Governments at all levels and labor training institutions should strengthen the training of rural labor force, establish and improve the vocational skills education and training system of rural labor force on the basis of popularizing nine-year compulsory education, expand the scope of running schools according to market demand, actively develop diversified continuing education projects such as vocational education, television education and correspondence education, and encourage and help farmers to learn and master new things through various forms of education and training.

3, build a nest to attract phoenix, and strive to realize the local transfer of rural surplus labor. In recent years, Shigaitang Town, Beihu District has attracted a number of enterprises to settle in Shigaitang Town, Beihu District by paying close attention to attracting investment, and absorbed many rural surplus laborers to transfer employment. For example, Yuteng Chemical Company resettled 56 1 surplus rural laborers, Yuxiang Noodle Industry resettled more than 5 19 rural laborers, and about 1080 people in the whole town were absorbed and resettled by enterprises in the park. In the future, it is necessary to create a good investment and entrepreneurship environment, further formulate preferential policies and encouragement policies, actively attract investment, strive to expand the development space of secondary and tertiary industries, increase jobs, promote the employment transfer of rural surplus labor, support the development of investment enterprises and various individual and private economies outside the county, encourage migrant workers with a certain capital base to return to their hometowns for entrepreneurial development, and give more tangible benefits and support to entrepreneurs who return home, such as project construction support and support.

The second survey report on rural labor mobility

With the rapid development of the market economy and the acceleration of the adjustment of rural industrial structure, more and more rural laborers began to seek new development and more opportunities to earn money across counties and provinces. This new economy, known as part-time economy, has provided a steady stream of cheap labor for developed areas and injected new vitality into rural economic development. Judging from the current situation of the county's development, the part-time employment economy has become an important part of the county's rural economy, which has played a positive role in improving the production and life of people in poor areas. For various reasons, there are still some outstanding problems that need to be solved urgently. Therefore, it is a very urgent task for us to solve these problems and promote the benign development of part-time economy, which is also a problem that must be solved in the construction of new countryside. How to promote the transfer of rural labor force, I think we should study and discuss it from the following aspects: First, why do rural labor force go out to work?

Part-time employment economy is an inevitable product of the development of market economy, an important way to solve the employment of rural surplus labor force, and also an objective demand of labor market. In recent years, the rural labor force has been on the rise year by year. In Hekou Township alone, the number of migrant workers is increasing at a rate of more than 100 per person per year, reaching 349/kloc-0 per person in 20×××× years, accounting for 35% of the total labor force in the township. 35%。 What prompted them to go out to work on a large scale?

One of the reasons: the lack of local economic development is the fundamental reason for farmers to go out to work.

As far as Hekou Township is concerned, the rural economic development has been in a relatively backward situation because of its remote location and poor natural conditions. Although structural adjustment has improved in recent years, farmers' income is still low, especially cash income, which is far from meeting the needs of farmers' production, life and self-development. In order to get more monetary income, many farmers have to go out and earn some sideline money. As the saying goes, "it is better to sit at home than to go out to grind." The relatively backward economic development is the fundamental reason why a large number of farmers go out to work.

The second reason: the limited local employment demand is an objective factor that leads farmers to go out to work.

With the acceleration of the adjustment of rural industrial structure and the gradual popularization of agricultural science and technology, the agricultural cultivation mode has changed from slash-and-burn cultivation to scientific cultivation now, which objectively saves a lot of rural labor. At the same time, in recent years, a large number of college graduates in this county have graduated, further increasing the rural surplus labor force. Because there is not enough employment space in this county, a large number of rural laborers have nothing to do. In order to make a living and develop, they have to go out to work.

The third reason: going out to work is a good way to get rid of poverty and seek development.

Judging from the effect of developing part-time employment economy in recent years, it not only eased the severe employment pressure in the county, but also increased the income of farmers, making them bid farewell to poverty and even embark on the road of prosperity. The money they accumulated abroad and the technology they learned also promoted their own and local development. As far as Hekou Township is concerned, it sent back more than 3 million yuan in cash in just 20×× years; A few people have been out for a long time and have a certain cultural background. Now they have become directors of companies or departments, with a monthly income of more than several thousand yuan. Some people gradually became rich by working hard outside, and returned to their hometown to build a small foreign building and set up a pig farm. It can be seen that working is indeed a good way for farmers to increase their income and seek development.

Second, what are the problems in the development of part-time economy?

The part-time economy in our county started in 1980s and developed in 1990s, especially in recent years. However, with the rapid development of the part-time employment economy, some problems are gradually exposed, which brings some unfavorable factors to the local economic development, and even a few part-time employees are poorer, which seriously hinders the benign development of the part-time employment economy. Specific performance in the following aspects:

1, the blindness and disorder of migrant workers' flow make it difficult to find a job and make money.

According to the survey, from the perspective of the channels for migrant workers to work, most of them are introduced to work in other places through fellow villagers or relatives and friends, rather than recommending employment through labor agencies. There are even a few people who go out for no purpose at all, and some people are completely unreliable in asking for information. In addition, a few people who specifically contact migrant workers are deceptive, and at the same time, they have not organized to export labor services, which leads some farmers to go out blindly and flock to all directions in disorder. After they went out, they couldn't find a relatively stable job for a long time. Even if there are, most of them are odd jobs and hard work, and their income is extremely low. Even a few people were persecuted by hooligans and cheated into engaging in pyramid schemes and other illegal and criminal activities.

2. Migrant workers' cultural quality and labor skills are low, resulting in generally low income.

Most migrant workers mainly come from rural areas with relatively backward economic development. Before work, he was mainly engaged in agricultural production, and his cultural quality was generally low. Before going out to work, they did not participate in any training and had no skills. After going out, I mainly engage in manual labor that city people don't want to do. Male workers rely on strength to eat or do dangerous work. Female workers are mainly engaged in manual labor, mainly in the fields of construction, decoration, catering, handling and toy production. The salary is generally low, generally only about 700 to 800 yuan, which can only meet the most basic needs of life. Married people have a small amount of savings through thrift, and a few bachelors who work outside the home can at most solve the problem of food and clothing, in terms of health and hygiene. At the same time, due to the weak legal concept and self-protection awareness, it is difficult to get wages, and bosses often deduct workers' wages. Because of this, the income of migrant workers is generally low.

3. Farmers have been working outside for many years, which has affected the local development to some extent.

A large number of farmers go out to work, and their families are away all the year round. In terms of immediate income, it may be much stronger than farming at home, but it has brought great influence to local development. There are nearly 200 laborers in Chaoyang Village, Hekou Township, and the total labor force population is only over 400, including 20 families who go out. The outflow of labor has brought many unfavorable factors to the development of these places, especially the overall structural adjustment is difficult to advance, and the construction of public welfare undertakings, brain drain, cadre selection and children's education have also become big problems. A few places have even reached the point where "people are gone, the fields are barren and the villages are empty".

Third, countermeasures and suggestions to promote the healthy development of part-time employment economy

The existence of these problems objectively restricts the development of part-time economy. However, in recent years, part-time employment economy is a bright spot in rural economic development, and there have been some good development trends. However, in order to realize the benign development of part-time employment economy, further research and discussion are needed, especially the government and relevant departments should formulate some practical methods and measures in light of local actual conditions. In this regard, the following suggestions are made:

(1) Positive publicity and correct guidance.

Part-time job economy is the inevitable product of market economy, but for a long time, people always think that farmers should be based on agriculture and part-time job can only be used as a sideline. However, due to various reasons, some farmers actually have hidden unemployment, and there are still a large number of surplus laborers in rural areas who have no "live" to do. Going out to work is a good way for them to make a living, and it is also an important way to solve the employment of rural surplus labor. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out positive publicity and correct guidance on part-time economy, educate the masses to abandon the traditional understanding of part-time economy, respect migrant workers, and actively encourage and support farmers to go out to work; We should actively guide the broad masses of farmers to make money through part-time jobs and agricultural production, and make reasonable arrangements for going out; Migrant workers should overcome their inferiority complex, get rid of the idea of "golden rice bowl", regard working as a profession rather than a sideline, and even regard working as a career, and strive to make a difference.

(2) Actively provide various services for farmers to go out to work.

While actively guiding, encouraging and supporting farmers to go out to work, we should also provide various services for farmers to go out to work, mainly aiming at the problems of ineffective employment information, poor work skills and many labor disputes encountered by farmers to go out to work, and do a good job in job introduction, training and legal service development for rural labor transfer.

1. Strengthen the construction of labor and employment agencies and provide information services for farmers to go out to work. At present, most farmers' employment information mainly comes from local migrant workers, with few information channels and narrow information coverage. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the construction of standardized employment intermediary institutions. On the basis of perfecting the functions of existing labor and employment agencies, we should actively set up a number of agencies with wide service scope and strong employment recommendation ability, establish long-term labor relations with economically developed areas, grasp all kinds of employment information in time, and even introduce foreign labor agencies to recruit local workers regularly or at any time, establish long-term cooperative partnerships, provide a steady stream of employment information for migrant farmers, and minimize the phenomenon that farmers blindly go out and return unsuccessfully.

2. Strengthen skills training for migrant workers and improve their quality. With the increase of migrant workers and the improvement of the production technology level of enterprises, coupled with the low quality of migrant workers, it is difficult for farmers without skills to find suitable jobs. Therefore, according to the local actual situation, ordinary farmers can be trained in some basic skills to improve their employment opportunities when they go out to work; For farmers with a certain cultural background and newly graduated students, we can carry out targeted professional skills training to improve their employability, cultivate them from low-quality and simple migrant workers into high-quality and compound migrant workers, and create good conditions for going out to work.

3. Actively create conditions to solve the "long-term worries" and "near worries" of migrant workers. The main "long-term concern" of migrant workers is the long-term development of migrant workers, and "near worries" include children's education, old-age care and protection of their own rights and interests. For these problems, the key is to solve them from the policy and system. With regard to the problem of barren land, under the premise of not changing the right of land management, we should further improve the land circulation mechanism and implement paid transfer, or sign an agreement with out-of-town households to temporarily recover the land in the village, implement moderate scale operation, and develop economic projects in accordance with unified planning. If farmers return to the land to appreciate, they will give some compensation; At the same time, it actively calls for reforming the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas, enjoying the same treatment as urban residents in terms of household registration and children's enrollment, so that people with ability can live in cities; Labor exporting places should further improve the conditions of running schools and nursing homes, and provide full-time care and paid services for unattended elderly and children; Improve the degree of organization of migrant workers, actively explore the establishment of mobile party branches in the case of relatively concentrated migrant workers in different places, actively support the development of legal services for migrant workers through organizational management and service, and provide legal support for migrant workers to safeguard their rights and interests.

(3) Actively encourage and support migrant farmers to return home to start businesses.

While working abroad, some migrant farmers have accumulated certain funds and mastered certain skills through hard work, and a few have mastered a skill through hard work. After returning to China, some of them used this fund to purchase fixed assets, some used it for productive investment to develop industries, and some returned to their hometowns to set up factories as bosses, which played a positive role in promoting rural economic development and was a good development direction of part-time economy. Therefore, we should actively encourage and give strong support to them to start businesses in their hometowns, with the focus on giving certain support in policy. The government and relevant departments, as well as the villages where they used to live, should optimize various services, improve work efficiency, simplify various procedures, create a good environment for them to return to their hometowns to start businesses, and promote local economic development through their "double belt" role.

(D) Give full play to the leading role of migrant workers in their economy.

The third survey report on rural labor mobility

Affected by the international financial crisis, some small and medium-sized enterprises in China have difficulties in operation, the demand for employment in enterprises has decreased, a large number of migrant workers have returned home, and the social employment pressure has increased. In order to actively deal with the employment problem of returning migrant workers, our bureau takes active and effective measures to help returning migrant workers re-employment or start businesses, promote farmers' income, and ensure the stable employment situation in the county. First, the current situation of rural labor transfer and migrant workers returning home in our county.

The agricultural population of our county is 763,800, and the rural labor force is 482,000, transferring 26 1.00 people to non-agricultural industries and exporting 654,380+0.380 people outside the county. The main immigrant areas are the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, accounting for 77% of the total labor export. According to the results of this survey on the return of migrant workers in the county, by the end of XX 1, 36 156 rural laborers in our county had returned home, of whom 13 190 were laid off due to the financial crisis, accounting for 9.6% of the total labor export in the county. It can be seen that the financial crisis has had an impact on the transfer of rural labor force in our county. With the constant changes in the economic situation, the number of migrant workers returning home will still have an expanding trend.

Second, take measures in advance to deal with the employment pressure under the new situation.

In view of the new situation and new problems faced by the current macro-economy affecting employment, on the one hand, we will strengthen investigation and study and pay close attention to the development of the situation; On the one hand, actively seek countermeasures and carry out targeted work.

(a) the establishment of organizational structure, the implementation of work responsibilities.

In order to do a good job in stabilizing employment, we set up an emergency leading group for returning migrant workers in * * county, which is mainly responsible for grasping the dynamic situation of returning migrant workers in our county and the changes in supply and demand of human resources, and formulating emergency measures to help returning migrant workers tide over the difficulties and stabilize the employment situation.

(2) Establish a reporting system and implement dynamic monitoring.

In order to strengthen the dynamic management of labor transfer, we have established a long-term monitoring system for the return of rural labor. Through the town labor security office and the village labor security service station, we can find out the situation of returning migrant workers in this area at any time, and register and report them regularly. Timely understand the situation of migrant workers returning home in this county. If the number of one-time returnees exceeds 1000, and the number of returnees exceeds1000 in one day, the emergency mechanism will be started immediately, and the relevant situation will be reported to the county government and the municipal labor and social security bureau as soon as possible.

(3) Actively collect jobs of local enterprises.

Take the "going out" work method, comprehensively and carefully grasp the employment needs of local enterprises, especially difficult small and medium-sized enterprises, and do a good job in monitoring and analyzing the supply and demand of human resources and regulating employment. Through the advantages of human resources market and information release bulletin board, electronic big screen, mobile phone short message release and other ways to release information through multiple channels. Rely on news media such as * * TV station, * * radio station and * * news center to release recruitment information, personal job information and job fair information, so that employers and job seekers have more opportunities and ways to understand employment information, so that returning migrant workers can connect with employment enterprises in time. Vigorously carry out large and medium-sized job fairs with many service items, good service attitude, high service level, excellent service quality and practical service effect. Before the Spring Festival, we held two special job fairs for returning migrant workers, convened 86 enterprises, provided more than XX jobs, and successfully matched more than 800 people on the spot. On February 24th, XX, we jointly organized the recruitment of migrant workers returning home in the spring of XX and the North-South labor exchange meeting with the labor and social security departments of Wuxi and Xuzhou. At this recruitment conference, 182 employers provided11211jobs for recruitment, attracting 15000 job seekers.

(four) the full implementation of special vocational training plan.

The first is to provide basic quality training for returning migrant workers and unemployed people in local enterprises. Take towns and streets as units, hire teachers, distribute teaching materials, give psychological counseling to those laid off because of business difficulties at this stage, and explain the knowledge of job selection and necessary work knowledge, laws and regulations. The second is to focus on entrepreneurship training and strive to form a pattern of "promoting employment through entrepreneurship". To strengthen the entrepreneurship training of returning migrant workers, we should take the adverse impact of the financial turmoil on returning migrant workers as a favorable opportunity to cultivate talents and improve their quality, turn disadvantages into advantages, turn passivity into initiative and take the initiative to attack. Starting from three aspects: creating an entrepreneurial training atmosphere, ensuring the quality of entrepreneurial training and strengthening entrepreneurial training services, we will strive to improve the entrepreneurial level and success rate of entrepreneurs. Promote employment upgrading by training returning migrant workers.

(five) the construction of business incubators, guide entrepreneurship, and promote the local re-employment of returning migrant workers.

In order to improve the success rate of entrepreneurs, we adopt the method of "easy first, then difficult", giving priority to unemployed people with certain funds or contacts in their hands as a breakthrough, and establishing farmers' pioneer parks in towns with relatively good economic conditions. Set up offices and labor service stations in the park to provide more convenience for entrepreneurs in tax collection, small loans, social insurance subsidies, business premises, enterprise management and so on. Lower the threshold of entrepreneurship, reduce the cost and risk of entrepreneurship, optimize the entrepreneurial environment, simplify entrepreneurial procedures, build a platform for entrepreneurship to promote employment, strive to improve the success rate of entrepreneurship, realize one-person entrepreneurship to promote employment, and form a good interactive pattern of employment to promote industrial development. Liu Xin Town Machinery Processing Pioneer Park, Ma Po Town Glass Products Pioneer Park and Huang Ji Town Poultry Incubation Pioneer Park have begun to take shape, attracting 39 enterprises and driving more than XX people to obtain employment.

Through the efforts of all parties, most of the migrant workers who returned home due to the financial crisis in this county have achieved re-employment. Further strengthen measures, pay close attention to implementation, and strive to achieve the goal of "ensuring employment, increasing income and ensuring stability".

Third, some suggestions.

1. Implement Scientific Outlook on Development, actively respond to the impact of the financial crisis on our county, and "take the lead in realizing a well-off society and building a new one". The key lies in the countryside, and the key lies in increasing farmers' income. Therefore, it is suggested that the county party committee and the county government further increase policy support for rural labor transfer, increase financial input, strengthen farmers' skills training, and improve farmers' employability and employment level.

2. In order to further improve the social security level of land-lost farmers in the development zone, it is suggested that all newly-added land-lost farmers should be included in the new agricultural insurance system, and efforts should be made to realize "protection upon requisition".

3. It is suggested that the county party committee and the county government further lower the threshold for granting small secured loans, simplify procedures, increase capital investment, and effectively help private small and medium-sized enterprises to become bigger and stronger.

4. It is suggested that the county party committee and the county government increase the investment in training funds, especially entrepreneurship training, provide skills training for those who have entrepreneurial aspirations, strengthen policy support, make more people become successful entrepreneurs, and drive more people to obtain employment, increase income and stimulate domestic demand.

5. It is suggested that the county party committee and the county government increase subsidies for the new rural endowment insurance, so that farmers can get more benefits.