I. Education has made remarkable achievements and entered a new stage of development.
1. Focus on developing rural education, popularize nine-year compulsory education, and achieve great achievements universally recognized.
Taking the development of rural education as the top priority of educational work, we have implemented a series of major projects, such as "Compulsory Education Project in Poverty-stricken Areas", "Reconstruction Project of Dangerous Houses in Rural Primary and Secondary Schools" and "Two Bases" Plan for the West of China, which has effectively promoted the popularization and consolidation of compulsory education. In 2004, the "two basics" population coverage rate and junior high school gross enrollment rate reached 93.6% and 94. 1% respectively.
Large and medium-sized cities basically meet the needs of school-age children to enter the park, and rural areas provide more and more preschool children with educational opportunities through flexible and diverse forms. Special education has been further developed.
2. Higher education has entered an internationally recognized stage of popularization, which has provided strong talent support and knowledge contribution for economic and social development.
In 2004, the total number of students enrolled in higher education in China reached more than 20 million, including junior college students13.33 million and graduate students 820,000, 2.4 times and 2.7 times that of 2000 respectively. The gross enrollment rate of higher education has reached more than 19%, and it has entered the internationally recognized stage of popularization. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the number of college graduates in China exceeded100000, which provided a strong talent support for economic and social development.
A series of engineering plans such as "985 Project" and "2 1 1 Project" have been earnestly implemented, and a large number of high-level talents have gathered in colleges and universities, and fruitful scientific research results have been achieved. In 2004 alone, 6,400 patents were granted, and the output value of science and technology industry exceeded 80 billion yuan. The vigorous development of philosophy and social sciences in colleges and universities has effectively promoted the construction of advanced culture. A number of internationally advanced disciplines have been formed, and high-level universities have made progress, narrowing the gap with world-class universities.
3. Secondary vocational education has been further developed in the adjustment, and the scale of high school education has been significantly expanded.
A series of engineering projects have been implemented to promote the development of vocational education around the need of taking a new road to industrialization and solving the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers. Reversed the continuous decline of secondary vocational education. In 2004, secondary vocational education enrolled 5.66 million students, exceeding the highest level in history (19985.3 million), and the number of students in school reached14.09 million. Ordinary senior high schools maintained a rapid development momentum, with 22.2 million students enrolled, which was 1.9 times that of 2000. The scale of high school education has expanded significantly. In 2004, there were 36.49 million students, which was 1.5 times that of 2000, and the gross enrollment rate reached 48. 1%.
4. Various forms of continuing education and training have been further developed.
In 2004, the number of students receiving all kinds of non-academic higher education and non-academic secondary vocational education in China was 3 1.8 million and 69.57 million respectively, which was 1 times higher than that in 2000. In the first half of 2004, the number of people receiving re-employment training nationwide reached 2.54 million, and 654.38+620 million people were re-employed through training. Community education has also been further developed.
5. The national quality has improved significantly.
With the rapid development of education, China has initially achieved the goal of transforming from a country with a large population to a country with a large human resource. In 2004, 1.5, the average educational years of the population over 5 years old reached 8.3 years, and the total population of college graduates reached about 70 million. From primary school graduation to junior high school graduation, the average education level of the labor force has improved.
Two, the construction of teachers has been continuously strengthened, the conditions for running schools have been gradually improved, and the benefits of running schools have been steadily improved.
1. The quality of teachers has been improved obviously.
Remarkable results have been achieved in teacher education and training. The qualified rate of teachers in ordinary primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and secondary vocational schools in China increased from 96.9%, 87. 1%, 68.4% and 59% in 2000 to 98.3%, 93.8%, 79.6% and 7 1% in 2004, respectively, and the quality of teachers in ordinary colleges and universities was obviously improved. The reform of the school personnel system has been deepened, and the legalization of teachers' work has been significantly strengthened. The framework of primary and secondary school teachers' management system based on counties has basically taken shape. Teachers' vitality has been gradually enhanced and their treatment has been improved.
2. The conditions for running schools at all levels and types have been gradually improved, and the benefits of running schools have been significantly improved.
In the compulsory education stage, the speed of school capital construction is accelerated, and the area of dangerous buildings in primary and secondary schools is decreasing. In 2004, the average value of educational instruments and equipment in ordinary colleges and universities was 6,500 yuan, an increase of 350 yuan compared with 2000, and the conditions for running schools at all levels and types were obviously improved. The efficiency of running schools has been significantly improved. In 2004, the average size of ordinary primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools and ordinary colleges and universities reached 285, 1.023, 1.387 and 7704, respectively, which were 50, 44564 and 24 1.5 higher than that in 2000.
3. Significant progress has been made in the construction of educational informatization.
A modern distance education transmission network integrating heaven and earth has been initially formed. 90% of colleges and universities, more than 38,000 primary and secondary schools and nearly 6,000 secondary vocational schools have basically built campus networks. Nearly 80,000 teaching CD playing points, nearly 50,000 satellite teaching receiving points and more than 7,000 computer classrooms have been built in rural primary and secondary schools. Basic education resource pool, high-quality curriculum resource pool of higher education and national vocational education resource pool were initially established.
Three, the deepening of various educational reforms, education investment increased significantly, effectively promoting the development of education.
1. The reform of the education system has been comprehensively deepened.
The management system reform has been continuously improved. The new rural compulsory education management system of "the State Council leads, local government is responsible, and county is the mainstay" has been basically established, and the new vocational education management system of "the State Council leads, hierarchical management, local government is the mainstay, and social participation" has been initially formed, and the higher education management system has been further improved.
The reform of the school-running system has been accelerated and private education has developed rapidly. In 2004, there were17.69 million students in all kinds of private education, including13.45 million students in private colleges and independent colleges, accounting for more than 10% of the students in ordinary colleges and universities, initially forming a pattern of common development of public and private education.
2. Progress has been made in implementing quality education.
We have implemented the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors and the Opinions of the State Council of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Strengthening and Improving the Ideological and Political Education of College Students, comprehensively strengthened the ideological and moral education and ideological and political work of students, and maintained the stability of the school. Actively promote curriculum reform and textbook construction. Employment-oriented, earnestly strengthen professional ethics education, and actively carry out vocational education model reform. Actively carry out the teaching reform of higher education, optimize the discipline structure, and expand the professional coverage. Actively promote the reform of the entrance examination evaluation system, promote quality education and improve the quality of education.
3. The socialization reform of university logistics has achieved great success.
Colleges and universities have made great achievements by adopting the new mechanism of overall planning, policy support and extensive use of social forces and social funds to build logistics facilities in colleges and universities. From 1999 to 2004, there were about 72 million square meters of newly-built apartments for college students and120,000 square meters of newly-built student canteens, which was 2 to 3 times of the total in the first 50 years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, effectively ensuring the rapid expansion of the scale of higher education.
4. The education funding guarantee mechanism has been further improved, and investment has been increased.
The investment guarantee mechanism of rural compulsory education has been accelerated, ordinary colleges and universities have actively used finance and credit to raise funds, and private investment has increased year by year. The education investment guarantee system and education fund management system, which mainly rely on the government to raise education funds through multiple channels, have been further improved, and the efficiency of fund use has been steadily improved. In 2004, the national financial education funds reached more than 420 billion yuan, which was 1.7 times that of 2000. The increase in public funds for primary and secondary school students has basically solved the problem of arrears in teachers' wages.
5. The education legal system has been continuously improved.
Remarkable achievements have been made in the construction of educational legal system. Promulgated the Law on the Promotion of Private Education, the Regulations on Chinese-foreign Cooperation in Running Schools and other important laws and regulations, promoted the revision of a number of important laws such as the Compulsory Education Law and the investigation work in the early stage of legislation, and continuously improved the educational laws and regulations system. We implemented the administrative licensing law, vigorously promoted administration according to law, transformed government functions, and cancelled a number of educational administrative licensing projects.
Fourth, actively expand the opening up of education and improve the international competitiveness of education.
Bilateral and multilateral cooperation and exchanges have been expanding, the number of students studying abroad and in China has increased substantially, and the regular return rate of overseas students sent by the state has reached over 97%. Sino-foreign cooperative education has developed rapidly. In 2004, there were more than 800 Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools in China. There has been a new breakthrough in the international promotion of Chinese. By the end of 2004, there were more than 30 million people studying Chinese abroad, and Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK) test sites were set up in 35 countries and regions. The "Chinese Bridge" project began to be implemented, and substantial progress was made in the construction of Confucius Institutes abroad. Foreign-related policies, regulations and supervision mechanisms for education have initially taken shape.
Five, seriously solve the difficult and hot issues, do people's satisfaction education.
1. Constantly improve the financial aid policy system to guarantee the education rights of students from poor families.
Actively promote the implementation of the national student loan in colleges and universities according to the new mechanism, and basically realize the working goal of "ensuring that no college student drops out of school due to financial difficulties" proposed by the State Council. The central government has arranged special funds to provide textbooks for 24 million students from poor families in the central and western regions free of charge, and at the same time, it has accelerated the implementation of the subsidy policy of "two exemptions and one subsidy" (free of book fees, free of miscellaneous fees, and subsidizing boarding students' living expenses). Actively carry out the work in education aid and provide various forms of help for minors with special difficulties in urban and rural areas.
2. Do a good job in compulsory education for the children of migrant workers and guarantee their right to education.
The Opinions on Further Improving the Compulsory Education for the Children of Migrant Workers was formulated, which clearly pointed out that the government in the inflow area is responsible for receiving the compulsory education for the children of migrant workers, requiring all localities to treat the education fees for the children of migrant workers equally with local students, and to include the education-related expenses for the children of migrant workers in the normal budget expenditure range. The schooling situation of children of migrant workers has been significantly improved.
3. Efforts to do a good job in the employment of college graduates have promoted social stability.
In recent years, the number of college graduates in China has been increasing continuously, reaching 2.8 million in 2004, three times that of 2000. In addition, the overall employment situation in society is tense, and the difficulty of employment is increasing year by year. Thanks to the concerted efforts of many parties, in recent years, the one-time employment rate of college graduates has remained above 70%, which has successfully completed the objectives and tasks set at the beginning of the State Council and promoted social stability.
4. Seriously control arbitrary charges in education and investigate and deal with irregularities in enrollment, and safeguard educational fairness.
In 2004, the "one-fee system" was generally implemented in compulsory education schools throughout the country, which standardized the education fees and effectively reduced the economic burden on farmers. Continue to implement the "three limits" policy for enrollment of public ordinary high schools. Strictly regulate the charging behavior of colleges and universities. In 2005, the "Sunshine Project" was implemented in colleges and universities, and the social response was good.