Maria montessori is a world-famous preschool educator in the 20th century. The unique early childhood education law she created swept the whole western world and profoundly affected the education level and social development of all countries in the world, especially the advanced countries in Europe and America. The characteristic of Montessori education law is that it attaches great importance to children's early education and has been engaged in educational experiments and research for more than half a century. Her teaching methods range from intellectual training, sensory training to sports training, from respecting freedom to building will, from civilian education to aristocratic education, which has provided several generations of excellent talent base for the sustainable development of western industrialized society. The history of western education claims that she is the greatest educator of scientific progress who won the recognition of Europe and the world in the 20th century. In recognition of Montessori's special contribution to early childhood education and world peace. 1950, she was nominated as a candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize. Jamitolis Boga, Director-General of UNESCO, once declared enthusiastically that maria montessori has become a great symbol of longing for education and world peace.
Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, ancona. She is the first woman to study medicine and the first woman doctor of medicine in Italian history. 1907, Montessori established the "Children's Home" in the slums of Rome. Recruiting 3-6-year-old children for education, she used her own original method to teach, and the results showed amazing results: a few years later, those ordinary and poor children had great changes in their minds and were cultivated into smart, confident, educated and vivid young talents. Montessori's brand-new teaching method with educational charm has caused a sensation throughout Europe, and reports about these wonderful children spread like wildfire. Many "Children's Home" are modeled after Montessori. 1909, Montessori wrote the book "Scientific Methods Applied to Children's Home", which was published in the United States in 19 12, and was quickly translated into more than 20 languages and spread all over the world. More than 100 countries have introduced the Montessori method. The Montessori movement appeared in Europe and America, and1913-1915 Montessori schools spread all over the world. By the 1940s, there were more than 1000 in America alone. Montessori has caused a revolution in early childhood education all over the world.
Montessori
Montessori teaching method is an educational method to comprehensively improve children's quality and develop their potential. She skillfully uses her children's own growth requirements to achieve the purpose of education without damaging their freedom and happiness. Montessori believes that children have an innate "inner vitality", which is positive, constantly developing and has infinite power; The task of education is to stimulate and promote the development of children's "inner potential"; Children are not containers for adults, nor are they clay and wax that can be shaped at will. Teachers and parents must seriously study, observe and understand children's inner world, and help children achieve physical and mental development in free and spontaneous activities. Accordingly, Montessori designed a set of effective training methods for preschool children to guide them to grow up quickly.
Montessori called children's learning activities "work". She believes that work can coordinate children's muscles and body movements, use their hands and brains, and promote the coordinated development of body and mind. Through children's free choice, independent operation and dedication to work, they have honed their will, strengthened their self-control, courage and self-confidence, cultivated their independent spirit, and strictly disciplined them, which also met their psychological needs. Montessori education properly solved the problem of children's discipline. Through the children's continuous completion of the grading work at hand, the children have perfected themselves and honed themselves. With the growth of ability, children's freedom to satisfy their wishes also increases, and their sense of discipline and freedom also grows together.
Montessori attached great importance to the early development of children's intelligence, but opposed the teacher-centered cramming education. Montessori school advocates self-education. In educational activities, children are the main body and the center. They advocate starting with daily training, with a good learning environment and rich teaching AIDS, so that children can learn spontaneously, think independently, discover themselves, educate themselves and grow up. Teachers and parents are only observers and instructors of children's activities. This kind of education mode, in which teachers don't teach and children explore for themselves, is much better than indoctrination education. Before the age of 6, the children in Montessori class not only mastered the basic ability of reading and calculating, but also mastered a lot of natural knowledge, and more importantly, they became interested in learning.
An important discovery of Montessori is the "sensitive period" of children's intellectual development, which is of great significance to early childhood education. Montessori found that children showed strong sensitivity to language movements, details, procedures, reading and writing at different stages before the age of 6. During this period, related learning is very easy and rapid, which is an excellent educational opportunity, but after this time, this strong interest will disappear. Grasping the opportunity and conducting education can lay the foundation for children's lifelong development.
Montessori education law is a complete education system with strong practicability and operability. He can not only develop children's early intelligence, but also improve their physical and mental quality in an all-round way. . Nowadays, in many cities in China, Montessori kindergartens have mushroomed, and Montessori education law is also being valued by preschool teachers in China. We have reason to believe that Montessori teaching method, a classic method of western preschool education in the 20th century, will have a positive and far-reaching impact on our efforts to catch up with the world trend, cultivate and bring up preschool talents in China, and make our children healthier, more scientific and more humane.
The Unique Charm of Montessori Education
When people re-examine our preschool education, Montessori Education Law, the most advanced, scientific and perfect preschool education law popular in Europe and America, makes people find a revolutionary preschool education method again. Dr mtsr (1870- 1952) has helped many people in the world and is a world-renowned educator. Montessori education method was created by Dr. Montessori with his whole life. The unique charm of its education method comes from the full study and understanding of children, following the sensitive period of children, developing children's independence, self-confidence, concentration and creativity in a relaxed and pleasant environment, and laying a good foundation for their future growth. Her educational methods awaken children's inner guidance and tap their infinite potential; At the same time, it also helps parents "learn to be parents", so that parents and children can grow together, thus cultivating outstanding achievements from generation to generation.
Montessori's education law has spread all over the European continent and also to the world. The popularization of Montessori education has achieved fruitful results in the past hundred years, and its theory has been continuously improved and developed, which has been widely respected and recognized by preschool education circles all over the world. In the United States, Japan, Singapore, Australia and other pre-school developed countries, Montessori schools have spread all over 1 10 countries, and Montessori educational institutions are distributed in more than 40 cities in China, and now there are more than 800 kindergartens. The essence of Montessori education law is to innovate the content of preschool education and the role of teachers in order to achieve its educational purpose, which can be said to be a model of creative education for preschool children.
Maria? Montessori (1870— 1952) is an internationally renowned expert in early childhood education, who has been engaged in education all his life. She summed up Rousseau's, Pestalozzi's and Floppel's naturalistic educational thoughts, absorbed the achievements of biology, psychology, anthropology and other disciplines, and founded the Children's Home. Through careful observation of children, she studied the process, laws and principles of human growth, gradually formulated a set of teaching materials, teaching AIDS and methods, and established the Montessori education system.
Characteristics of Montessori education
Montessori believes that children have great shallow ability, and his life development is towards independence. Through specific exercises, such as life basic ability exercise, facial features exercise, intellectual exercise (language, mathematics, science) and other forms, the foundation of a sound personality is formed.
Montessori classroom is the embryonic form of a small society, in which you learn to respect and accept others, how to share your knowledge and skills, and how to lead others. Montessori classroom provides an environment for cultivating children's emotional IQ.
Montessori curriculum includes the development of emotion, action, ability, language and morality, which makes individuals become integrated people. "Freedom" and "discipline" are integrated, and "individuality" and "group" are given consideration. Inspire children to have the ability to solve difficulties and adapt to the new environment, and realize self-construction and mental development.
Principles of Montessori education:
Child-oriented-a "children's world" that centers on children and allows them to "be themselves" independently.
Provide adequate teaching AIDS-children learn by their senses, and the more good stimuli we provide to them, the more they can stimulate their inner potential. Therefore, to design an environment suitable for children's growth, it is necessary to provide rich teaching materials (including nature and humanities) to induce their interest in autonomous learning.
Education without "teaching" —— Oppose the traditional teacher-centered cramming education, and advocate that children should take the initiative to learn and form wisdom through a good learning environment and bright and rich teaching AIDS.
Grasp the sensitive period of learning-children aged 0-6 will have various "sensitive periods" for different things at different growth stages. Montessori's scientific pre-school education law emphasizes mastering children's "sensitive period" and giving them proper learning.
Montessori education has a set of learning tools with unlimited educational value. This learning tool makes use of the sensitivity of children's feelings, and through the teaching AIDS that children can operate, children can explore easily and happily in the operation, and absorb many abstract concepts in the exploration. Respect the characteristics of children's repeated practice. All children with learning tools can operate repeatedly to meet their physical and psychological needs.
Teachers are in the position of assistance and enlightenment-teachers must give up the traditional self-righteous education methods, and give timely help and guidance to children, so that children can become the main body of education and use their brains and wisdom.
Parents are the real key-children's education is not limited to a corner of the school, and the influence of the whole social environment is everywhere. In the parent-child class of Beloved Paradise, parents can not only learn advanced teaching concepts and methods, but also take their babies to class together to enhance parent-child feelings in the course.
The value of Montessori education;
The unique charm of Montessori's education method comes from fully learning and understanding children, observing their sensitive period, stimulating their potential, developing their independence, self-confidence, concentration and creativity in a relaxed and happy environment, and laying a good quality foundation for their future growth. Montessori's education law has spread all over the European continent and gone to the world. Montessori education law has achieved fruitful results in the promotion of one hundred years. With the continuous improvement and development of its theory, it has been widely respected and recognized by preschool education circles all over the world. It has aroused great concern in the United States, Europe, Japan, Singapore, Australia and other pre-school education developed countries, and Montessori schools are spread all over 100 countries.