In 960, the generals of the later Zhou Dynasty launched a mutiny in Chen Qiao, and established Songzhou as the emperor of German Zhao Kuangyin, thus establishing the Song Dynasty. In order to avoid the chaos of the regime and eunuch's authoritarian power in the late Tang Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin adopted the policy of emphasizing literature and restraining military power, strengthened centralization and deprived military commanders of their military power.
Because Songzhou is prosperous, it is called Song, and because the royal family is named Zhao, and because Song is called Da Song, it is also called "Fire Song" and "Yan Song". Kaifeng, the capital of the Song Dynasty, was called Tokyo. After the gradual unification of China, its territory reached the north of the Yellow River relative to the Southern Song Dynasty, so it was called the Northern Song Dynasty by later generations.
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After Huang Chao rose up against the Tang Dynasty, he led an army to invade Chang 'an, proclaimed himself Emperor Jianqi, and became known as Jintong. Then he was quickly defeated by the allied forces organized by the Tang Dynasty, withdrew from Chang 'an and fled all the way. After that, he was forced to commit suicide and let his nephew cut off his head.
Previously, a team broke away from the rebels in Huang Chao and surrendered to the Tang Dynasty, becoming one of Huang Chao's fiercest enemies, namely Zhu Wen. Zhu Quanzhong was the title of Tang Gaozong, and he was appointed as our Xuanwu Ambassador (Bianzhou) by Tang Gaozong, which was very important and controlled the grain transportation route of the Tang Dynasty, while Bianzhou was relatively prosperous at that time.
Zhu Wen, based in Bianzhou, destroyed the peripheral forces such as Qin Zongquan (Cai Zhou), Shipu (Xuzhou) and Jules (Yanzhou and Yunzhou) and became increasingly powerful. A bit like Cao Cao's situation. And compete with Hebei for three towns in Hebei. Later, he was named King Liang.
There is also a powerful Shatuo nationality, which originally migrated from Hexi area and was appointed as the governor of the Tang Dynasty. Later, they grew stronger in Mobei and became envoys of our army. They defected several times and fled after being defeated by the Tang Dynasty.
In order to suppress the rebellion in Huang Chao, these Shatuo people were forgiven by the Tang Dynasty and invited back. This is Li Keyong's army. It was his army that first invaded Chang 'an and drove Huang Chao away. In recognition of him, the Tang Dynasty also named him Taiyuan, the birthplace of the Tang Dynasty, because he was very powerful. Li Keyong became our envoy to Hedong and was later named King of Jin.
Later, Zhu Wen was old and dissolute. After Li Keyong's death, the State of Jin became stronger and stronger under the rule of his son Li. Zhu Wen lamented: A child should be like Li Yazi. Li, nicknamed Li Yazi, sent troops to attack Liang after Zhu Wen's death. Later, the back beam was destroyed, and the later Tang Dynasty was established. Prince Li Rang led troops to destroy the former Shu, and the world shook. At that time, Li almost had the possibility of unifying the world.
Who knows, before long, Li died in an inexplicable turmoil. Li Siyuan, one of the thirteen Pacific Insurance Groups in Li Keyong, succeeded to the throne. He is not related to Li Keyong by blood and is his adopted son, but he is still called the later Tang Dynasty. After the later Tang Dynasty came the later Jin Dynasty. Shi Jingtang, the founding emperor of the late Jin Dynasty, would rather be a son than ask his father Yeludeguang for reinforcements and cede sixteen states.
With the Jin Dynasty, there was the later Han Dynasty. Speaking of it, these people are all separated from the forces of the late Tang Dynasty. Actually, it can be counted as one. They are all Shatuo people. Later, Guo Wei, the general of the later Han Dynasty, established the Zhou Dynasty. After Guo Wei's nephew Chai Rong succeeded to the throne, he tried his best to unify the world. Because Chai Rong died early, he was defeated by the mutinous soldiers Chen Qiao Zhao Kuangyin and established the Song Dynasty.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Tang Dynasty
Baidu Encyclopedia-Song Dynasty