The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time in 26 years and was implemented in May.

The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time in 26 years and implemented in May. The revised vocational education law clarifies the incentive measures for enterprises, plays an important role in running schools, and promotes the integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation. The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time in 26 years and was implemented in May.

The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time after a lapse of 26 years, and the new Vocational Education Law of 1 was implemented in May (hereinafter referred to as the "new law"), which is a topic of great concern in the education field recently. The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time after 26 years. What new content has attracted public attention? On April 27th, the Ministry of Education held a press conference to introduce the relevant situation in detail.

New connotation: more scientific expression, reflecting the concept of high-quality and balanced development of all kinds of education at all levels.

There are many new expressions in the new law, among which the most widely discussed is to change the old version of "separation of general education and vocational education" into "promoting the coordinated development of vocational education and general education in different stages after compulsory education". Some media and the public interpreted it as canceling the "job-general diversion" of junior high school graduation, and the topic once rushed to the hot search.

"This is actually a misunderstanding." Chen, director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, said, "The new expression is a more scientific and standardized expression of the development of general vocational classification after compulsory education. It embodies the concept of high-quality and balanced development of education at all levels and provides a legal basis for the diversified development of quality education in China. "

Chen said: "According to local conditions, within a certain range, the proportion of general posts should be different from place to place. All localities can reasonably plan the enrollment scale of vocational schools and ordinary schools according to the degree of regional social development, the needs of local industrial development and the construction of modern vocational education system. Coordinated development means that vocational education and general education are equally important. There is no difference between the two kinds of education, but the integration of school-running modes and the different educational methods.

The implementation of "coordinated development of general education and vocational education" after compulsory education is definitely not to cancel secondary vocational education, but to change the thinking of developing secondary vocational education and realize the fundamental turn of running secondary vocational education well. The key point is to improve the quality of secondary vocational education and broaden the channels for secondary vocational students to grow into talents. "

Another noteworthy expression change is that the purpose of vocational education in the original vocational education law is to "cultivate technical and skilled personnel", while in the new version it is to "cultivate high-quality technical and skilled personnel". This major breakthrough in concept has clearly conveyed the meaning of "equal importance" to the society.

Deng Chuanhuai, director of the Policy and Regulation Department of the Ministry of Education, said: "Positioning vocational education and general education as two different types of education is the basis for building a legal system for vocational education. The new law stipulates that vocational education is as important as general education; To stipulate that the state should promote the coordinated development of vocational education and general education as a whole; It is stipulated that vocational education should cultivate high-quality technical and technical talents; It is stipulated that vocational school students enjoy equal opportunities with ordinary school students at the same level in terms of further studies, employment and career development. "

New space: the "overpass" between vocational education and general education has a legal basis.

An important reason why the public is concerned about the "separation of vocational education and general education" is that students in secondary vocational education can't go to school smoothly. At the same time, the rising channel of higher vocational students is also very limited. Vocational education has been calling for many years: to get through the rising channel and really build an "overpass" between vocational education and general education.

"The new law stipulates that it is necessary to improve recognition and attractiveness and enhance social adaptability and adaptability. The new law requires secondary vocational education as the basic education of the applied talent training system, paying attention to conveying students with solid technical skills foundation and qualified cultural foundation for higher vocational education, highlighting the educational function of secondary vocational education, enhancing recognition, and making vocational education truly an educational type with employability, advantages in further studies and development channels. " Chen said to:

Chen introduced: "The new law stipulates that related majors in secondary vocational schools should be connected with higher vocational school education for enrollment and training; Higher vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities that implement vocational education should determine the corresponding proportion in the enrollment plan or take separate examinations to recruit vocational school graduates. "

This means that there is a channel between secondary vocational school students and "undergraduate". Secondary vocational schools are no longer low-level "part-time education", but really become the cradle of "providing various possibilities for students with different endowments".

Promoting vocational undergraduate education is one of the priorities of the Ministry of Education in 2022. 202 1 opinions on promoting the high-quality development of modern vocational education require that by 2025, "the enrollment scale of vocational undergraduate education should not be lower than that of higher vocational education 10%".

"In addition to setting up vocational schools at the undergraduate level, the new law also reserves space for two aspects of exploration: one is to set up undergraduate vocational education majors in ordinary colleges and universities, and the other is to set up undergraduate vocational education majors in vocational schools at the junior college level.

All these fully show that vocational school students can not only go to junior college, but also go to undergraduate course, which opens the development channel of vocational school students from the legal level and opens an opening for secondary vocational school students to go to college, which will greatly improve the enthusiasm of secondary vocational school students. "Chen said.

New guarantee: the legal form to solve the stubborn disease of vocational education reform and development

"As the vocational education reform enters the critical period and deep water area, some hard bones that affect career development cannot be bypassed. This revision of the law faces the ills of vocational education reform and development, fixes solutions in the form of law, and provides legal support and institutional guarantee for further deepening reform. " Chen said to:

One of Chen's so-called hard bones is the management system. Previously, the education administrative department was in charge of vocational schools, and the human resources and social security department was in charge of vocational training. In addition, it is difficult to promote the implementation of many tasks by coordinating local governments and enterprises. The new law makes it clear that the State Council will establish a coordination mechanism for vocational education, so as to coordinate vocational education throughout the country. Some industry experts believe that the new law will solve the biggest problem.

In addition to the management system, another guarantee is the investment of funds.

According to the statistics of UNESCO, the running cost of vocational education is about three times that of general education. It is understood that the enrollment scale of higher vocational colleges in China exceeds half of the whole higher education, but the direct financial input only accounts for about 20%.

The new law clarifies the key support and local-based investment mechanism.

"The new law stipulates that the state optimizes the expenditure structure of education funds, so that the investment in vocational education funds can meet the needs of vocational education development, and encourages raising funds for the development of vocational education through various channels according to law; The provincial people's government sets the per capita funding standard for vocational schools in the region, and the organizers of vocational schools allocate funds in full and on time according to the per capita funding standard to continuously improve the conditions for running schools. " Chen said to:

The new law also encourages enterprises to hold vocational education. At the same time, it also requires incentives such as incentives and tax incentives for enterprises that are deeply involved in the integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation.

The integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation are the basic running modes of vocational education, and they are also the key to run vocational education well. However, for a long time, the incompatibility between production and education and the non-cooperation between schools and enterprises have been the pain points and blocking points.

"The new law uses 9' encouragements', 23' should' and 4' must', which further clarifies many measures. It is not difficult and beneficial for enterprises to participate from the legal level. " Chen said to:

It is worth mentioning that the revised Vocational Education Law makes it clear that enterprises can cooperate with vocational schools and vocational training institutions in various forms.

This means that the government supports social forces to organize vocational education.

In addition, the new law also clarifies the obligations and responsibilities of trade unions, China Vocational Education Association and other mass organizations in the development of vocational education, including participating in the formulation of vocational education professional catalogues and related vocational education standards, forecasting the demand for talents, and cultivating production-education integration service institutions with matching supply and demand.

Fang Naichun, Party Secretary and Director General of China Vocational Education Association, said: "This effectively reflects the diversified cross-border characteristics of vocational education, and I believe it will better promote the integration of resources between the government and all walks of life, and Qi Xin will work together to create a new bureau."

The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time after 26 years. Two days before the implementation in May, the General Office of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) and the Law Commission of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) organized a collective interview on the newly revised Vocational Education Law. The revised Vocational Education Law was passed by a high vote at the 34th meeting of the 13th the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), and will be implemented on May 1 2022.

This is the first overhaul of the Vocational Education Law since the promulgation and implementation of 1996. It is reported that the revised Vocational Education Law has been changed from 5 chapters and 40 articles to 8 chapters and 69 articles, and three chapters have been added, namely "vocational schools and vocational training institutions", "teachers and educatees in vocational education" and "legal responsibilities", from more than 3,400 words in the current law to more than 10000 words, with richer contents.

Promote the integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation.

Zhang Tao, director of the Administrative Law Office of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, said that the revised vocational education law clarified the incentive measures for enterprises, played an important role in running schools, and promoted the integration of production and education and school-enterprise cooperation.

Song Fang, deputy director of the Administrative Law Office of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee, said that in order to create a good social atmosphere for the development of vocational education and really make vocational education "fragrant" and "hot", the newly revised Vocational Education Law clearly stipulates that vocational school students enjoy equal opportunities with ordinary school students at the same level in terms of further studies, employment and career development.

In terms of enrollment, higher vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities that explicitly implement vocational education should determine the corresponding proportion in the enrollment plan or take separate examinations to recruit vocational school graduates. In terms of employment, it is clear that organs, institutions and state-owned enterprises should make clear the requirements of technical skills when recruiting and hiring technical and skilled personnel, and regard the level of technical skills as an important condition for recruitment and employment; In the open recruitment of public institutions, positions with vocational skill level requirements can be appropriately reduced.

Ministry of Education: It will speed up the establishment of the "College Entrance Examination for Vocational Education" system.

The revised Vocational Education Law clearly states that "vocational education is as important as general education". In this regard, Lin Yu, deputy director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, said that "paying equal attention to different types" is an important affirmation of the status of vocational education types in this revision, which has clearly defined the type positioning and development expectations of vocational education at the legal level and laid a good legal foundation for the next better development of vocational education.

This is conducive to enhancing social consensus and improving the social recognition of vocational education; At the same time, it is conducive to encouraging the whole society to support and actively participate in vocational education. "High vocational education."

Lin Yu said: "The establishment of the college entrance examination system for vocational education has always been very popular. This revision of the Vocational Education Law has further clarified this point, and we will speed up the implementation. At present, the classified examination enrollment in higher vocational colleges has become the main channel of higher vocational enrollment, and many places have organized the spring college entrance examination. Next, speed up the establishment of the' vocational college entrance examination' system, improve the enrollment method of the' cultural quality+vocational skills' exam, and support higher vocational schools and ordinary colleges and universities that implement vocational education to recruit more vocational school graduates. "

According to reports, the Ministry of Education will implement the project of meeting the standards for running secondary and higher vocational schools, and on the basis of optimizing the structure and improving the quality, set up a number of vocational undergraduate schools to meet the needs of career development during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period; Encourage application-oriented undergraduate schools to carry out vocational undergraduate education in accordance with the professional catalogue of vocational education; To study and implement the methods of higher vocational colleges in line with the conditions of deep integration of production and education, distinctive school-running characteristics and high training quality, cultivating high-end technical and technical talents and implementing vocational education at undergraduate level.

The development of higher vocational education plays an important role in building a skilled society, which helps to reverse the concept that society despises skills and labor, expand the main force supporting the skilled society, and accelerate the process of building a skilled society.

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security: Promoting the Fair Employment of Vocational College Students

Regarding how to ensure that vocational school students are not restricted by academic qualifications when recruiting in institutions and enterprises, Wang Xiaojun, deputy director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Vocational Capacity Building Department, said, we will strengthen the guidance to public employment service agencies around the country, strictly implement relevant regulations, strengthen the management of employers in recruitment activities, ensure that the published recruitment information does not contain discriminatory conditions, and ensure that vocational college students enjoy fair employment opportunities and equal rights.

At the same time, for qualified vocational college graduates, employment support policies such as social security subsidies, training subsidies and job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies will be implemented according to regulations, so as to better promote their employment and entrepreneurship and achieve brilliant lives.

Wang Xiaojun said that in the next step, we will thoroughly study and implement the Vocational Education Law, vigorously develop mechanic education, conduct vocational skills training on a large scale, and guide enterprises and institutions to create a fair employment environment. When recruiting openly, it is not allowed to set conditions that hinder equal employment and fair competition for applying for and hiring vocational college graduates.

Guide enterprises and institutions to scientifically and reasonably set recruitment conditions such as academic qualifications, vocational qualifications or vocational skill levels according to the requirements of different industries, different units and different types of job responsibilities, and create a good social environment for the development of vocational education.

The Vocational Education Law was revised for the first time after a lapse of 26 years. The Vocational Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), which was overhauled for the first time in 3 26 years, was implemented in May and will be formally implemented on May 1 day.

Chen, director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, introduced the new breakthrough made by the newly revised vocational education law in opening up educational channels and breaking the employment threshold.

The first is to open the way for vocational students to rise. The revised vocational education law stipulates that vocational school education is divided into secondary vocational school education and higher vocational school education; The enrollment and training of related majors in secondary vocational schools should be connected with the education in higher vocational schools; Higher vocational schools and ordinary institutions of higher learning that implement vocational education should determine the corresponding proportion in the enrollment plan or take separate examinations to recruit vocational school graduates.

In addition to setting up vocational schools at the undergraduate level, the vocational education law also reserves two areas for exploration: setting up undergraduate vocational education majors in ordinary colleges and universities and setting up undergraduate vocational education majors in vocational schools at the junior college level. From the legal level, smooth the development channel of vocational school students.

At the same time, the revised vocational education law also provides many possibilities for students with different talents. The revised vocational education law requires the coordinated development of vocational education and general education, establishes an examination enrollment system that conforms to the characteristics of vocational education, and promotes the mutual recognition of learning achievements between vocational education and general education.

Take secondary vocational education as the basic education of the training system of applied talents, pay attention to conveying students with solid technical skills and qualified cultural foundation for higher vocational education, highlight the educational function of secondary vocational education, enhance the degree of recognition, and make vocational education truly become an educational type with employability, advantages in further studies and development channels.

In addition, the revised Vocational Education Law clearly points out that an employer may not set conditions that hinder the equal employment and fair competition of vocational school graduates in applying, hiring or engaging in vocational work. Organs, institutions and state-owned enterprises should make clear the requirements of technical skills when recruiting and employing technical skills, and regard the level of technical skills as an important condition for recruitment and employment. In the open recruitment of public institutions, positions with vocational skill level requirements can be appropriately reduced.