(A) the formation of gentleman education-industrialist gentleman
From17th century to18th century, the social mobility in Britain was the largest. Frequent social mobility in the transition period is influenced by social factors and personal factors. During this period, the social stratification system has changed, and the open social stratum provides individuals with mobile opportunities to change their social status. People can re-select their social status and social role according to their own ability and wealth to a certain extent, and realize upward social mobility through various channels. The composition of the aristocracy has changed, and a new aristocratic class closely related to capitalism has emerged. Humanist educators hope that students can learn how to use aristocratic language, dress style, aesthetic feeling, values and etiquette by learning classical cultural knowledge. The demand of secular education, the influence of court education, bacon and bacon's educators' thoughts and reform activities are all important factors to promote the development of gentleman education theory. The development of capitalist relations of production strongly requires that education can train experienced industrialists and gentlemen in innovative educational ways close to real ordinary life. Locke's Random Talk on Education systematically expounded the theory of gentleman education. The gentleman he wants to cultivate is not a priest, a pedant or a courtier, but an industrialist.
(B) the development of gentleman education-scholar gentleman
Before the Renaissance, education in Britain was mainly carried out by universities, four law schools in London and town schools. However, with the spread of new learning, humanist educators, referring to the educational thought of cultivating social activists in the Italian Renaissance, transformed and brought into play the national conditions of Britain, and put forward the educational ideal of cultivating scholar-type gentlemen, that is, the purpose of education is to cultivate well-trained and perfect gentlemen to serve the country. At the same time, the original values of nobles and knights in the Middle Ages gradually evolved into values of restraint, elegance and gentleness, emphasizing the cultivation of gentlemen with all-round physical and mental development and proper manners. Scholar-type gentleman is the training goal set by public schools to meet the needs of social development for talents. Scholar-type gentleman, both inside and outside. He should not only have healthy body, extraordinary temperament and elegant manners, but also have profound knowledge, agile thinking, tenacious endurance, high self-confidence and the spirit of unity and cooperation, thus forming a gentleman's demeanor that the British are proud of.