First, the use of language.
1. The words added in the following words are not pronounced correctly ().
A. (pǐ) (y) cicada slough (tu) (qi ǐ n) after the sky falls and the earth splits.
B. ironing (yün) shading (yün) sudden (cün) cutting (ku)
C. spoon (chí), key (Shi Yao), resentment (mán) and fading (shǐ i)
D. I glanced at the lintel (méi) (jū).
Analysis: choose B. "Iron" and read "Yu"
2. The following sentence is ().
A. Schools should pay attention to creating an educational environment that meets the needs of students' all-round development, constructing students' full participation in school education activities, developing students' self-developed courses, and fully embodying students' subjectivity.
B us president bush 10 signed a financial rescue plan with a total amount of 700 billion us dollars on the evening of 3 October. However, as investors are still worried about the threat of the US financial crisis, the international financial market will continue to be turbulent.
C Recently, the China Urban Children's Living Habits Research Group reported that the sleep status of primary and secondary school students in China is worrying, and about 2/3 of primary school students and 3/4 of middle school students are seriously short of sleep.
D it was many years after van Gogh's death that critics looked up to him and admired him like astronomers found a new star, which had nothing to do with the loneliness and pain of van Gogh.
Analysis: choose item b, the composition is incomplete, and add "mechanism" after "building students' full participation in school education activities"; Item C repeats the meaning of "worry", and "worry" can be removed; In item D, "Van Gogh" is the subject, and there is no corresponding content in the following text. You can put "Van Gogh" after "zai".
3. Fill in the appropriate sentences on the horizontal lines of the following paragraphs and ask for context-specific semantics.
Academician Bai Chunli skillfully explained the English capitalization of "youth": Y is like a small tree, indicating that teenagers are in a period of development and need to grow sturdily; o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _； u _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _； Don't walk upright with a hat. Many young people have got bachelor's hats, master's hats and doctor's hats, but the degree is just the beginning. We can't be bent down by honor, but we must walk upright. H is like a horizontal bar. I hope young people can keep healthy after work and make better contributions to the country and the nation.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: O is like the sun, and youth is the sun at eight or nine o'clock in the morning, full of vigor and vitality; U is like an empty cup, we should constantly absorb nutrients and be modest and prudent at the same time.
Sanlu milk powder incident is a bad thing, but it is also a good thing. It can be a "negative teacher". Please write three reasons for "thank you" on the horizontal line according to the context.
If Sanlu hadn't been "too cruel" and made the melamine content "2,563 m ɡ/k ɡ" and made the children sick, until the scandal was exposed, we would have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
-So, we should "thank" Sanlu!
Answer: (for example) I don't know the "hidden rule" of "adding melamine to milk powder" so far; So far, we don't know that there are dozens to hundreds of mɡ/kɡ melamine in various "famous brands" of infant milk powder. Our "flower of the future" is still taking these poisons for "chronic suicide"; So far, we don't know that milk, ice cream, toffee and other dairy products we often eat also contain melamine, and we are also committing "chronic suicide".
Second, classical Chinese reading
Read the following classical Chinese and complete 5 ~ 8 questions.
Fang Zishan, between pale yellow, is hidden. When I was young, I admired Zhujiajian Island and Guo Jie (2) as human beings, and the chivalrous men in the hedge were all theirs. Slightly stronger, I study hard and want to ride the world, but I never meet it. At night, it hides in the yellow light and is called the pavilion. Living in a vegetable house, not listening to the world; Abandoning horses and chariots, destroying the crown and clothing, and walking on mountains, people don't know. Fang saw the hat, shrugged his shoulders and said, "Is this a portrait of an ancient mountain crown?" Because it's called Fang.
Joy chen lives in the grave, crosses the pavilion, and should see it. Said, "alas! This is my old friend Chen. What is this? " Fang also suddenly asked about Yu so far. I told you the reason, but I didn't answer. I smiled. Hu Yu stayed at his house. The ring was sealed, and the wife and handmaiden were complacent.
I was surprised, but when I was young, I used wine as a good sword and money as dirt. Nineteen years ago (4), when I was in the gap, I saw Fang riding two horses and swimming in the western hills with two arrows. Magpies come up to you and let you shoot one by one, but you won't get it. Fang Zishan's angry horse came out alone and got it. Because he and Ma Yu discussed fighting and success or failure in ancient and modern times, he called himself a hero in the world. These days, the ear color is very sharp, and you can still see it in your eyebrows, but the mountain people are really uncomfortable!
But it is obvious that Fangshan Zi has a noble valve, an official and engaged in it. And his home is in Luoyang, with gorgeous garden houses and princes. Hebei has fields, and 10 years old has thousands of silks. If you give up and don't take it, you will come to the poor mountain alone. What a pity!
There are many strangers between Yu and Huang. They are often too dirty to see. What do you think of Fang?
-Selected Works of Su Shi
Note ① Pale yellow: namely Gwangju and Huangzhou. Gwangju is adjacent to Huangzhou and belongs to Huainan West Road in Song Dynasty. ② Jia Zhu and Guo Jie: Both of them were rangers in the Western Han Dynasty, and they liked to solve problems for others. (3) Fangshan Crown: a hat worn by music dancers in the Han Dynasty when they offered sacrifices to ancestral temples. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, hermits often liked to wear them. ④ The first ten years and nine years: that is, eight years of Jiayou (1063), signed by Ren Fengxiang.
5. For the explanation of the words added in the following sentences, it is incorrect ().
A. a little strong, saving time to study? Folding: changing interest behavior
B. I want to gallop with this: show off.
C. Call yourself a lifelong hero: all my life
D. engage in: hold a position
Analysis: C. "I" means "contemporary" in the sentence.
6. Commenting on this article, Qing people said: "Hidden characters are the main brain of an article." In the following four groups, it is () that specifically describes Fang's "hidden" life, thoughts and behaviors.
Treat wine as a good sword and money as dirt.
(2) abandon horses and chariots, destroy the crown and climb mountains.
(3) Ride from two places, carry two arrows, and swim in the western hills.
(4) Night hides between light and yellow.
⑤ Living in buddhist nun, eating vegetables and not familiar with the world.
When Fang saw his hat, he shrugged his shoulders and held his head high.
A.①④⑤ B.③④⑤
C.②③⑥ D.②⑤⑥
Analysis: choose the sentence that expresses "chivalry"; (4) Sentences state facts without specific description.
7. The following items are the analysis and elaboration of the article, and the correct one is ().
A. Fang studied hard since he was a child and wanted to ride the world, but he was not proud. Living in Gwangju and Huangzhou in his later years, he enjoyed himself. The author marveled at his changes and praised his quality.
B. The author consciously chooses details to show Fang's youthful spirit in his prime and his quiet mood in his later years, and enriches his image with these two contrasting behaviors.
C at the end of the article, the author asked Fang in a questioning tone whether he could see those "crazy and dirty" "strangers", but judging from the sentence "people in the mountains are here", the answer was no.
D. the author's writing is actually sad. However, the author is just suffering from poetry, so it is inconvenient to speak frankly, so he is vague in the article. It can be said that Biography of Fangshan Zi is an image reflection of Su Shi's Huangzhou mentality.
Analysis: choose D.A. to state the mistake of "Fang studied hard since childhood"; B. State that "Fang Shengnian is full of blood ..."; C. it is wrong to think that the answer is no.
8. Translate underlined sentences in the text.
(1) The ring was sealed, but the wife and handmaiden were complacent.
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) These days, you can still see the color of your ears in your eyebrows, but people in the mountains are uncomfortable!
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(3) There are many strangers between Yu and Huang, who are often too dirty to see. What does Fang think?
The translation is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: (1) (His family) is depressed, but his wife, children and slaves all look happy.
(2) Many days have passed now, and his heroic spirit still appears in his brow. How can this be a person who lives in seclusion in the mountains?
(3) I heard that there are many strange people in Gwangju and Huangzhou. They often pretend to be crazy and sell silly, and describe dirty things, but they can't see it. Maybe we can meet them!
Reference translation:
Fang is a hermit in Gwangju and Huangzhou. When he was young, he worshipped Jia Zhu and Guo Jie, and a group of chivalrous men in the village also respected him. As he grew older, he changed his interest and studied hard, hoping to show it in the contemporary era, but he never succeeded. So he lived in seclusion in Gwangju and Huangzhou in his later years, and his place of residence was Qiting. He lives in a hut, eats vegetarian food and doesn't associate with people on earth; He doesn't ride a horse, wears a dress and a hat, and walks around in the mountains. No one knows him. People saw his hat was square and tall, and they said, "Isn't this what the ancient Fangshan crown left?" Therefore, he is called "Fang Zishan".
I happened to meet him once when I passed the pavilion because I was demoted to live in Huangzhou. I said, "Oh, this is my old friend Chen Nian Chen Jichang. How can he live here? " Fang also looked at me in surprise and asked me why I came here. I told him the reason, and he bowed his head and said nothing, then smiled. He invited me to stay at his house. The walls are depressing, but his wife, children and slaves all look happy.
When I was amazed, I remembered that when Fang was young, he used to drink and cast swords and spend money like water. Nineteen years ago, when I was in Qixia, I saw Fang hunting in the western hills with two riding attendants and two arrows. Seeing a bird flying in front, he told his entourage to chase and shoot, but missed. Fang pranced forward alone and hit the bird with an arrow. He immediately talked to me about the tactics of fighting, the allusions of success and failure in ancient and modern times, and considered himself a contemporary hero. Many days have passed now, and his heroic spirit still appears in his brow. How can this be a person who lives in seclusion in the mountains?
Fang was born in a meritorious family for generations, so he should have an official position. If he could enter the officialdom, he would be a famous senior official now. His original home was in Luoyang, and the residential garden was magnificent, which can be compared with Qi Huangong's home. Hebei has fields and can earn thousands of silks every year, which is enough to make life rich and comfortable. However, he did not hesitate to throw them all away, but insisted on coming to the lonely ravine. Isn't that because he has his own world in his chest?
It is said that there are many strange people in Gwangju Huangzhou. They often pretend to be crazy and sell silly, and describe dirty things, but they can't see it. Maybe we can meet them!
Third, the appreciation of ancient poetry.
9. Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Topic Xuanzhou Kaiyuan Temple Shui Ge (1)
Du Mu
Note (1) This poem was written when Tang Wenzong came of age, and Du Mu was appointed as a permanent judge in Xuanzhou (now Xuancheng, Anhui). Eight years ago, he worked under the curtain of Shen Chuanshi and once lingered here. (2) During the Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li helped Gou Jian, the king of Yue, defeat Fu Cha, the king of Wu. After his success, he took a boat to live in seclusion in the five lakes region.
(1) For this poem by Du Mu, the ancients once said: "This poem is full of feelings in the mountains and rivers, extremely free and easy, extremely subtle, and it is beneficial to read it repeatedly." Based on poetry, this paper analyzes how poets "write scenery and express their feelings" in necklaces.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
(2) Please talk about your understanding of the poem "Looking at Fan Li for no reason, different directions in all corners of the country".
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: (1) The necklace "A thousand rain curtains in late autumn and a flute wind on the balcony at sunset" shows a scene that is discontinuous in time but often unforgettable: First, the dense rain in late autumn is like hanging layers of rain curtains for thousands of families; First, at sunset, the balcony under the setting sun makes melodious flute sounds in the evening breeze. Two scenes: one cloudy and one sunny; A hazy, bright, colorful, slightly sad image outlines the unique charm of autumn, vaguely revealing melancholy and sadness.
(2) The poem depicts the scenery of Xuancheng very beautifully, which is worth recalling, lamenting that the cultural relics of the Six Dynasties have become a thing of the past, and there is a great feeling that life cannot last forever. In this way, Fan Li, who traveled all over the world and enjoyed the beautiful scenery of the mountains and rivers, naturally became the object of the poet's nostalgia. The fourth is to admire a generation of famous minister Fan Li, who can't get it, and express the melancholy of losing his official career; It is even more melancholy to end with a scene like smoke and fog.
It can also be understood as the thought of seclusion caused by the loss of official career, so I have admiration for Fan Li who has traveled all over the world and enjoyed the beautiful scenery.
Fourth, famous sentences and famous articles are written silently.
10. Fill in the blanks in the following famous sentences and articles.
(1) Six countries smashed, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. If you are guilty of Qin, you will lose your vitality, and you will be defeated. (Su Xun's "Six Kingdoms")
(2) Qin people can't help feeling sorry for themselves, and later people feel sorry for them; ____________,____________________。 (Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu)
(3) Rock caves, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once. (Su Shi's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia")
(4) Throughout the ages, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ________________________________________________________________________,
Love is always blown away by rain. (Six Abandoned Diseases, "Never Meet Le Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia")
(5) Looking back, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le Jing Kou Gu Bei Ting Nostalgia")
(6) The world is like a dream, _ _ _ _ _ _. (Su Shi's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia")
(7) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (Xin Qiji's "Looking Back on the Gubei Pavilion in Yonghe Lejingkou")
Answer: (1) Unless soldiers are good at fighting, they are not good at bribing Qin.
(2) Later generations mourn it but don't learn it, which also makes future generations mourn it.
Surging waves beat the shore and rolled up thousands of accumulated snow.
(4) Heroes are nowhere to be found in Sun Zhongmou.
(5) There is a crow club drum under the Beaver Temple.
(6) The statue was put back into the river.
(7) Humans send slaves to life.
Modern reading: literary texts
Read the following text and complete 1 1 ~ 14.
Generous readers
Feng Jicai
Man is a book. Reading people is more difficult than reading books written in other languages. I have read it carefully, and I have read it for most of my life, but I still don't understand this "People's Tales".
Some people are willing to lend you their umbrellas on sunny days, but when it rains, they leave quietly with umbrellas.
Don't blame him when you read him. Because he doesn't want to get wet in the rain (and it's someone else's umbrella), and he doesn't want to share other people's difficulties, what can you say? Keep an umbrella for yourself.
Some people, when you have power and influence, run around you, you leave your job, or you have no power and influence, but he hides far away.
When you read him, you must understand him. Because he used to praise you for a certain need, now you don't have that ability, there is no need to sing any hymns for you. Here, you need to calm down and think about whether you trusted others too much in the past.
Some people, in the face of your affection, the expression of language is like a clear and sweet river, but there is a dirty undercurrent under the riverbed.
Don't hate him when reading him. Because anyone who deceives others with hypocrisy as a mask, his life is very difficult, and maybe he will be punished by the same hypocrisy. You should understand his lifestyle and wait for his return and reflection on humanity.
Some people, when you sow hard, stand by and refuse to shed a drop of sweat, but when you harvest, they share your fruit shamelessly for various reasons.
-when you read him, don't be disgusted. Because someone is willing to share the sweetness of the harvest with you, no matter what kind of psychology he is, he should be welcomed. You made a little sacrifice, but you fulfilled a person's desire for performance. Slowly, he will learn some self-esteem and self-love.
Some people pay attention to the decoration of appearance, and their clothes show a luxury, but their hearts are full of emptiness, ignorance and ignorance. The form of that culture is often unconsciously revealed in his speech and behavior.
Don't despise him when reading him. Because he doesn't know that clothes are made by tailors, and they are only signs of money, but knowledge, morality and temperament are a person's real life value. For vulgar people, we should compare our behaviors in time.
Reading others is actually reading yourself, truth, goodness and beauty, as well as hypocrisy behind hypocrisy, ugliness behind beauty and cunning behind smiles. ...
Reading people, the most important thing is to know what kind of people.
Reading people is to be a real person.
Therefore, when reading people, we should learn to be tolerant and generous, so that we can read something beneficial to ourselves, noble, happy and happy.
Although I haven't finished reading People's Tales, I will always try to read it from all aspects.
1 1. Contact the full text, please list the specific connotation of "openness" in "open reading".
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: ① Don't blame others, but bear it yourself; (2) To understand others, we should be introspective; (3) Don't hate others until their humanity returns to introspection; (4) Help those who get something for nothing, and let them learn to respect themselves and love themselves; Don't despise flashy people, be good at comparison and warn yourself.
12. How to understand the profound meaning of the sentence "Reading others is actually reading yourself"?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: "To understand others is actually to understand yourself" means to see through or see through the shortcomings of others, but also to reflect on yourself, so as to warn yourself not to repeat the same mistakes, improve your outlook on life, values and aesthetics, purify your soul and be a true, good and beautiful person.
13. Please outline the structural features of this article. (No more than 15 words)
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: ① Total-sub-total structure. Echo from beginning to end.
14. After reading this article, what is your deepest feeling about life? Please outline.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: After reading Feng Jicai's "Reading Generosity", my deepest feeling is that I have a new understanding of my life: a person could have lived so easily and happily, and he felt suddenly enlightened, feeling that all the grievances in the world seemed to have passed, and so many things were forgotten. Learn to be tolerant, learn to be generous and be a generous person. Learn to face adversity and smooth the impetuous mentality; As long as you are sincere and work hard, life will be sunny.
Sixth, modern text reading: discourse text
Read the following text and complete 15 ~ 17.
Life education is not a simple "life and death"
king
I read Mr. Zhai Chunyang's article "Gratitude shouldn't be a frightening thing" on the topic of youth in 654381October 9. Aiming at the theme of a class meeting in a primary school in Hangzhou-when only one of you and your mother lives, do you choose to live or die? Mr. Chunyang expressed the view that gratitude is not debt repayment, false filial piety or foolish filial piety. I totally agree with him.
I found that this kind of life education has a great market, not only in primary schools, middle schools and even universities. In the magazine I edited, I once published an article entitled "What do Australian girls' tears reflect? The writer is a Chinese teacher in a famous local middle school. When he was educating students about life, he designed a psychological game: write down five things that are most important to you (people, things, needs, wishes, etc.). ), then give up the same way and see what is left in the end. The results show that China students are very active in the game, while Australian girls cry after class. Why? Because they can't choose between Ω OD (God) and frind (friend), Ω OD (God) and parents (parents), they can only express their inner pain and disappointment with tears.
Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University also held similar activities. Hu Jianbing, a psychology teacher, gave a psychological game lesson to more than 100 students: each student wrote down the names of the five most important people on white paper, then lost one of them because of an accident, crossed out one on the paper, crossed out the second one, and finally left his parents.
The lack of life education should be said to be a major drawback of education in China today, and it is time to make up this lesson. In this way, teachers try to stimulate students' increasingly numb hearts and arouse their sense of life and gratitude. As everyone knows, although the motives are good, the results are quite different due to improper methods.
Take the theme class meeting of a primary school in Hangzhou as an example. In the choice of life and death, nearly14 of the children did not choose to let their mothers live, that is to say, these students chose to live by themselves, and this result is exactly what designers do not want to see. According to our traditional ethics, students should choose to let their mothers live, and the standard answer is the same. Otherwise, students are selfish and lack gratitude.
Here, teachers made a common-sense mistake, that is, to distinguish the dimensions of life by distance and simply rank life, precisely because they don't know how to fear life. In fact, in the original sense, life is homogeneous and equal, and all life is worthy of awe. Schwaetzer, who founded the bioethics, once said: "The bioethics denies advanced and low-level, valuable and worthless life.
The difference between. In his view, the so-called ethics is an objective and universal moral principle, which requires reverence for the will of life beyond me. The key point here is that life is the basis of ethics, and ethics is higher than selflessness; No matter for yourself or others, it can't be a reason to hurt and destroy life. Similarly, in "Fight to the Death", parents' lives and their own lives are worthy of awe and cherish. Any educational method that requires students to make choices in a hypothetical way will only mislead students' values of life, and the result will only cultivate students' cruelty rather than unbearable heart.
Why do Australian girls cry? Because of their compassion, for them, whether they are friends, parents or even God, their lives are inalienable and priceless. They handed in the blank papers of Chinese-style examination questions, which just proved that they have a sound life ethics, from which we can know that their life education there is correct. On the other hand, the positive performance of China students in the same class shows that they don't know how to fear life, and their bioethics is morbid. Of course, this is not their fault, but the wrong way of education.
From this point of view, to carry out life education for students, we must first enlighten educators on life. At present, the most important thing is for teachers to establish a moral concept of reverence for life, and then popularize relevant common sense to students, and reject the cruel and self-righteous way of life education.
15. Please talk about your understanding of the word "opposite direction" in the underlined part of the text.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: The educational method that teachers let students make choices in an imaginative way is actually misleading students' life values.
16. The article lists examples of psychological games in primary schools, middle schools and universities in China. Why did you specifically mention the reaction of Australian girls?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer: Comparing the reaction of Australian girls with the performance of China students, the enthusiasm of China students, that is, indifference, further proves the mistakes and shortcomings of life education in China. This reaction is also a denial of teachers' attempts to arouse students' life consciousness and gratitude in this way, which leads to the view that educators in China should first enlighten themselves in life.
17. From the full text, how does the author think students should be educated in life? Please outline.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
A: Educators should enlighten life, and let teachers set up an ethics of reverence for life. On this basis, educators can teach students to fear life. Reject the self-righteous cruel way of life education and look for the correct and reasonable way of life education.
Seven, composition
18. Please write an article on the topic of "ups and downs".
Requirements: ① Independent decision; (2) Except poetry, the style is not limited; 3 do not plagiarize; (4) Not less than 800 words.