Pasternak (1890 ~ 1960)
The full name is Boris Pasternak.
Russian and Soviet writers and translators. 1890 was born in Moscow on February 10, and 1960 died in the suburbs of Moscow on May 30th. His parents are artists. 1909 ~ 19 13 studied in the philosophy department of Moscow university and went to Germany for further study. As a student, he began to write poems. His early poems "Gemini in the Cloud" and "Gemini on the barricade" express his subjective feelings about life, death and love, which are full of philosophy and close to symbolism in art. On the eve of the October Revolution, he was in close contact with Mayakovski and appreciated the futurists, but opposed their extreme attitude towards tradition. After the October Revolution, he worked in the library of the People's Education Committee of the Soviet government and actively created works. He has successively published novella The Childhood of Liuwells, long poem The Sublime Disease, 1905 and Captain Schmidt, which were well received by Gorky. In the early 1930s, he published autobiographical novel Travel Passport, poetic novel Spock Tolski and poetry collection Rebirth. 1935 went to Paris to attend the anti-fascist writers' conference. During the Anti-Fascist War, two books of poetry, About Early Trains and Winter Fields, were published, many of which were based on the fighting reality at that time, showing the fighting and working life of ordinary Soviets.
Doctor zhivago, a novel written by 1948 to 1956, is his later masterpiece. Writing about the 40-year bumpy experience of a surgeon and poet's protagonist before and after the October Revolution, on the one hand, it calls the October Revolution "an unprecedented feat of eradicating old ulcers in one fell swoop", and at the same time, it exaggerates all kinds of mistakes and extreme behaviors in the process of the revolution. After China was rejected, it was published in Italy on 1957, which caused a sensation. The author won the 1958 Nobel Prize in Literature for "the great achievements of modern poetry and the great Russian narrative poetry tradition", which angered the Soviet government at that time. The author was expelled from the Soviet Writers Association on 1958, and his reputation was restored 22 years after his death. The last book of poetry, until it cleared up, revealed a sad mood, which is a portrayal of the poet's mood in his later years.
Pasternak is also a translator. He is proficient in many languages, especially Georgian, English and German, and has been engaged in literary translation all his life. Shakespeare's four tragedies and sonnets, Goethe's Faust, Schiller's Maria Stuart and many other famous works are unique in their beautiful writing and unique understanding of the original text, and enjoy a high reputation in the translation field.
His representative works include: Gemini in the Cloud, On the barricade, Theme and Tone sandhi, Life, My Sister, Captain Schmidt, 1905, On the Early Train, Poems, etc.