20 14 (2) adult college entrance examination education test sites are interpreted as follows:

Test site 1: the attributes of education (including the essential attributes of education and the social attributes of education).

Example 1(20 1 1 year unified examination questions)

The essential attribute of education is ().

A. purposefully cultivate people's social activities

B. Activities to improve people's knowledge and skills

C. Activities to cultivate people's ideological and moral character

D. activities to develop human intelligence and physical strength

Answer a

Example 2 (unified examination questions in 2003)

Answer: Education is subject to the social mode of production, and at the same time it is relatively independent. What are the aspects of this relative independence? Please describe it briefly.

Reference answer (1) Education has its own inheritance relationship and will not change immediately with the change of political and economic system.

(2) Education is influenced by social ideology such as political thought, moral concept, philosophy and religion. This influence is manifested in the educational concept and content. (3) The imbalance between education and political and economic development. Education may lag behind the development of political economy and hinder the new political and economic system; Education may also be ahead of a certain political and economic level and play a catalytic role in the new political economy.

Example 3 (unified examination questions in 2008)

Under the old social system, new educational ideas and theories may appear; After the establishment of the new social system, the old educational ideas and theories will continue to exist. This means ().

A. Education precedes political and economic development

B. Education lags behind political and economic development.

C. Imbalance between education and political and economic development

D. Political economy determines the development of education

Answer c

The analysis of this problem examines the "imbalance between education and political and economic development", which can be manifested in two ways: ahead or behind.

Error prevention "the imbalance between education and political and economic development" is an important content of "education has relative independence", that is, "education is influenced by other ideologies", which requires candidates to master two aspects of the influence of other social ideologies on education: educational views and educational contents.

Example 4 (Common Exercise)

The education of different nationalities in the world often shows different traditions and characteristics, mainly because of education ().

A. it has a class nature.

B. Have your own inheritance relationship

C. cannot be divorced from politics and economy

D. immortality

Answer b

Test site 2: the four origins of education (myth origin, biological origin, psychological origin and labor origin).

Example 5(200 1 unified examination questions)

The origin theory of education put forward by American scholar Meng Lu is called ().

A. Theory of demand origin

B. Theory of the origin of consciousness

C. theory of biological origin

D. Theory of psychological origin

Answer d

Example 6 (unified examination questions in 2002)

The origin theory of education advocated by American educator Monroe is called origin theory; Marxist view holds that education can only originate from.

Answer psychological labor

This is the test center, which needs candidates' attention. Although the type of fill-in-the-blank question no longer exists, the test center can appear in other forms.

Example 7 (unified examination questions in 2006)

The view that education originated from unconscious imitation belongs to pedagogy ().

A. Theory of biological origin

B. Theory of psychological origin

C. the theory of the origin of consciousness

D. Myth origin theory

Answer b

This is the viewpoint of psychological origin theory, which emphasizes that education is an unconscious imitation activity. The two basic characteristics of consciousness are the planning and purpose of activities. Education is a planned and purposeful activity. For example, in primitive society, the older generation taught the younger generation some production experience in production and some life experience in life in order to make the younger generation better adapt to productive labor and social life. This transmission of production education and life experience is education. Therefore, education is a conscious activity.

Example 8 (unified examination questions in 2008)

Whether the error of educational biological origin theory is mainly determined by education ().

A. Legacy

B. Sociality

C. persistence

D. independence

Answer b

Please remember the typical expression of the theory of biological origin: "Education is a phenomenon that occurs outside the scope of human society and long before human beings appear", so it is easy to choose.

Error Prevention The contents examined in Examples 5 to 8 above are all about the origin of education. There are four kinds of educational origin theories involved in textbooks: myth origin theory, biological origin theory, psychological origin theory and labor origin theory.

For the content of biological origin theory and psychological origin theory, it is generally easy to take multiple-choice questions. This part of the content needs candidates to master: (1) representatives of two viewpoints: the representative of the theory of biological origin is Litterno of France; The representative figure of the theory of psychological origin is Meng Lu of the United States. (2) Their main point of view: the theory of biological origin holds that education is a phenomenon that has been produced long before human beings appeared outside the scope of human society. It is education for an old cat to teach a kitten to catch mice; The theory of psychological origin holds that education originates from children's unconscious imitation of adults.

For the content of labor origin theory, I hope candidates will be prepared for short answers. The main contents are as follows: (1) Marxist view holds that education can only originate from people's unique productive labor; (2) Labor provides realistic conditions for education (hand, brain and language); (3) Labor puts forward objective requirements for the generation of education (the older generation must pass on the accumulated production experience and life experience of human beings to the younger generation); (4) Education can only originate from productive labor in human society and develop with the development of productive labor.

Test center 3: the development of education (education in primitive society, education in ancient society, education in modern society).

Example 9 (unified examination questions in 2006)

China is one of the earliest countries where school education appeared. According to historical records, the school in Xia Dynasty was called ().

A. Teaching and sitting in the library

B. Home schools and private schools

C. Item and Xu

D. Law and calligraphy

Answer c

The school names of the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty were Xue, Bian Zong, Bi Yong and Pan Gong. In addition, the school was born in a slave society, which is also easy to test.

Example10 (unified examination questions in 2004)

Athens education in ancient Greece paid special attention to ().

A. Military gymnastics education

B. eloquence and speech training

C. "Seven Skills of Knight" Training

D. Harmonious development of human beings in many aspects

Answer d

Example 1 1(20 10 test question)

The "seven arts" of European medieval church education include "three subjects ... four studies", among which "three subjects" refers to ().

A. Grammar, arithmetic, astronomy

B. Grammar, rhetoric and dialectics

C. philosophy, arithmetic, music

D. dialectics, geometry, music

Answer b

Example12 (unified examination questions in 2004)

Answer: In the development of education, what reforms did capitalist education make to feudal education?

The reference answer (1) adds a lot of natural science knowledge to the educational content and opens many new subjects.

(2) In terms of teaching methods, new teaching methods such as experiment, demonstration and practice have emerged.

(3) In the form of teaching organization, the class teaching system has replaced the individual teaching system.

(4) For the purpose of education, there is a dual purpose, that is, on the one hand, to train bourgeois agents, on the other hand, to train skilled labor, and for the first time, the issue of popularizing compulsory education was put forward.

Test site 4: Factors affecting human development (heredity, environment, education, subjective initiative).

Test site 4: Factors affecting human development (heredity, environment, education, subjective initiative).

Example13 (unified examination questions in 2004)

What kind of essence and typical characteristics do students' age characteristics show at a certain age? ( )

A. Cognition and emotion

B. Emotion and will

C. Physiology and psychology

D. Temperament and character

Answer c

Example14 (unified examination questions in 2002)

The story of "Three Major Movements in Meng Mu" shows what factors affect people's development? ( )

A. Heredity

B. Environment

C. Education

D. Social activities

Answer b

Example15 (unified examination questions in 2003)

"In the bitter fleabane bitter fleabane, you can't walk straight." "White sands are in nirvana, and they are all black." What kind of factors does this reflect human development? ( )

A. Heredity

B. Environment

C. Education

D. Subjective efforts

Answer b

Example16 (unified examination questions in 2007)

Analysis: "Give me a dozen healthy children, and I can change them by any means, or make them lawyers and judges, or make them beggars and thieves."

The answer is wrong.

This statement exaggerates the role of environment and education and easily leads to the mistakes of "environmental determinism" and "education omnipotence". Although environment and education play a very important role in people's development, they are not unconditional. We should also consider the influence of heredity and the characteristics of people's physical and mental development. Education cannot arbitrarily determine all the development directions of people.

There are four factors that affect human development: heredity, environment, education and human subjective initiative. Their functions are as follows: heredity is the physiological premise or material basis of human development; Environment, especially social environment, plays an important role in human development; Education plays a leading role in the process of human development; Subjective initiative is the internal cause of human development. Ideas for answering such questions: First, judge right or wrong. If you find something wrong, point it out. Then we should admit that this factor plays a very important role in human development. Then it should be pointed out that besides this factor, other factors (specifically) are also affecting people's development, and what are their functions respectively? People's development is the result of the joint action of many factors.

Error prevention genetic determinism. Thinking of answering questions: the role of heredity is exaggerated; Heredity is the physiological premise or material basis of human development. Human development is not only influenced by heredity, but also by environment, education and human subjective initiative. Specifically, environment is an important factor in human development, education plays a leading role in human development, and subjective initiative is the internal cause of human development. In a word, human development should be the result of many factors.

Example17 (unified examination questions in 2008)

Brief answer: Briefly describe the roles of heredity, environment and education in people's physical and mental development.

Reference answer (1) Heredity is the physiological premise of people's physical and mental development, which provides the possibility for people's physical and mental development.

(2) The influence of environment on human development is extensive and frequent, but it is spontaneous and unplanned. While affirming the influence of environment on human development, we can't ignore people's subjective initiative and the role of social practice.

(3) Education plays a leading role in human development. Because education is a purposeful activity to cultivate people, it stipulates the development direction of people.

Example18 (unified examination questions in 2009)

A: Why does education play a leading role in human development?

Reference answer (1) Education is a purposeful activity to cultivate people and stipulates the development direction of people.

(2) Education, especially school education, has a comprehensive, systematic and profound impact on people.

(3) The school has teachers in charge of education. Teachers are professionally trained and can effectively train students.

Error Prevention What we are looking at here is one of the main factors that affect people's development-education. In addition to educational factors, it is also necessary to remember the role of heredity and environment, that is, heredity is the physiological premise of human physical and mental development, which provides the possibility for human physical and mental development, and the environment also plays an important role in human development.

Test site 5: Education should adapt to the law of human development.

Example 19(200 1 year unified examination questions)

Education should adapt to the essence of human development and promote human development step by step.

Answer sequence stage

Example 20 (unified examination questions in 2002)

Answer: What basic characteristics should education adapt to human development?

Reference answer (1) Education should adapt to the sequence and stages of human development;

(2) Education should adapt to the imbalance of human development;

(3) Education should adapt to the stability and variability of human development;

(4) Education should adapt to the individual differences of human development.

Example 2 1(2005 unified examination questions)

Educators should educate children in the critical period of their development, because human development has ().

A. Sequence and phasing

B. imbalance

C. Stability and variability

D. Individual differences

Answer b

Example 22(20 1 1 year unified examination questions)

Giving corresponding education in the critical period of children's physical and mental development can achieve twice the result with half the effort. This shows that education must adapt to children's physical and mental development ().

A. sequence

B. stage

C. imbalance

D. stability

Answer c

Test site 6: the relationship between education and social politics, economy and culture.

Example 23 (unified examination questions in 2005)

A: What is the social function of education?

Reference answer (1) The political function of education, that is, the function of education serving politics.

(2) the economic function of education, that is, the function of education to promote the development and perfection of material production and certain production relations.

(3) The cultural function of education includes the functions of spreading and preserving culture, activating culture, exchanging and integrating culture, selecting culture, renewing and creating culture.

Example 24(200 1 unified examination questions)

Brief answer: Briefly describe the role of education in promoting the development of productive forces.

Reference answer (1) Education is a necessary means of labor reproduction.

(2) Education is a means of reproduction of scientific knowledge and technology.

(3) Education is a means to produce new scientific knowledge and technology.

The "education" in "education is a means to reproduce scientific knowledge and technology" refers to basic education (that is, primary school, junior high school and senior high school education). Through primary and secondary education, knowledge originally mastered by a few people (or teachers) can be mastered by more students.

"Education is a means to produce new scientific knowledge and technology" refers to higher education, which has two functions: teaching and scientific research. New scientific knowledge and technology can be created through the joint research of university professors and master's and doctoral students.

Example 25 (unified examination questions in 2006)

Answer: What are the specific aspects of the cultural function of education?

Reference answer (1) transmits and preserves culture;

(2) activating culture;

(3) Cultural exchange and integration;

(4) choose culture;

(5) renew and create culture.

The role of error prevention education in culture is an easy question to test. In addition to preparing short answers, we should also browse the specific content under each point, so that when we see an actual example, we can judge which cultural function of education it embodies.

Example 26 (unified examination questions in 2007)

In the cultural function of education, it is educational to transform the stored culture into the active culture ().

A. The function of spreading culture

B. Activating the function of culture

C. the function of spreading culture

D. The function of renewing culture

Answer b

Preventing mistakes is a part of the cultural function of education. As candidates, we should take the content of "the cultural function of education" as an important short answer.

Example 27 (unified examination questions in 2009)

The influence of education on the development of political and economic system ().

Play a decisive role

B. indecision

C.it only plays an accelerating role.

D. It can only play a delaying role

Answer b

The analysis of this topic examines "the reaction of education to the political and economic system." Judging from the concrete manifestations of the reaction of education to the political and economic system, education has no decisive role in the political and economic system. Education can only accelerate or delay the development of social, political and economic systems. Options c and d are incomplete.

Error prevention analysis: the reference answer of the theory of saving the country through education: error. Because it exaggerates the role of education, it leads to the error of the omnipotence theory of education. Education can only accelerate or delay the development of social politics and economy, but it can't play a decisive role.

Example 28(20 10 unified examination questions)

Analysis: In modern society, education can determine the direction of social development.

The answer is wrong.

This view exaggerates the role of education. The interaction between education and social development shows that education is subordinate to social production.

Mode, especially restricted by social, political and economic systems. Although education plays a role in social development, it can only be realized on the track of social, political and economic development, can only accelerate or delay social development, and cannot determine the direction of social development. Otherwise, it will lead to the omnipotence of education.

Example 29(20 1 1 year unified examination questions)

Answer: What is the main social function of education?

Reference answer (1) Political function: the function of consolidating and maintaining a certain political system through education and promoting the improvement and reform of the political system;

(2) Economic function: the function of improving labor productivity and promoting social and economic development through education;

(3) Cultural function: refers to the function of education to preserve culture, activate culture, exchange culture and choose culture.