The teaching methods in medieval universities were mainly lectures, reading and debates. Before printing spread to Europe, books were copied by copying, so it was expensive and difficult to buy. In teaching, teachers often read the original text of the textbook and its notes, and students take notes. Sometimes the teacher will comment on it. Debate is a debate between two or two groups of students to cultivate students' agile thinking ability and practice reasoning methods.

Medieval universities in western Europe are not universities in the present sense, but they laid the foundation of modern universities.

The emergence of medieval universities broke the monopoly of the church on education in terms of organization and thought, which was beneficial to the development of secular culture. Although the teaching content of the university is theological and the teaching methods are very complicated, after all, the secular scientific knowledge such as medicine and law has been studied and taught, which has shaken the traditional blind belief, attached importance to people's understanding ability and opened up the atmosphere of debate.

Medieval universities provided a stage for scholars at that time, trained a large number of new generation scholars, provided favorable conditions for the development of cultural science, and laid the foundation for the humanistic movement in the Renaissance. City school

With the development of cities and industry and commerce, traditional missionary schools can no longer meet the needs of new citizens, so craftsmen and businessmen began to oppose the monopoly of missionary education and set up schools one after another. Schools established by craftsmen's guilds are called guild schools. Guild is an internal organization for urban craftsmen to protect their own interests. The formal members of the guild are called Hangdong, and there are helpers and apprentices under the Hangdong. Handicraft workshop owners in the same city must join their own guild. People who want to engage in a certain industry must also join a certain industry association first. In the school run by the guild, I received artist training, learned reading, writing and computing skills, and received religious education. Teaching is conducted in Mandarin. If you become a helper after the expiration of your apprenticeship, the master will issue you a certificate. The helper can work in the master's workshop or go out to look for a job freely, but you must abide by the rules. The trade organization composed of businessmen is called Chirt, and the school established by it is called Chirt School. Similar to guild schools, these two types of schools belong to the nature of primary schools.

1 1 century later, a large number of cities have mushroomed. In order to meet the cultural needs of emerging citizens, the municipal authorities began to build school buildings for schools and donate salaries to teachers. Reading, writing and arithmetic are taught in the national language in schools set up by municipal authorities. City schools have been opposed by the church since they came into being, and developed through struggle and compromise. By the15th century, urban schools had been established in major cities in western Europe, which became the foundation of primary schools in the future.