1
Should children be taught to read and write? How much literacy is appropriate?
Dutch education expert: Children aged 3-6 will go through a sensitive period about literacy. During this period, children will have great interest in Chinese characters, strong curiosity and learning motivation. Using this phenomenon to guide children to understand Chinese characters will achieve very remarkable results. Secondly, literacy can cultivate children's thinking ability in images. For children, a better learning method is to guide them to associate the first Chinese characters with symbols like pictures. This cognitive process of written language is actually the beginning of children's early reading and the basis of pre-reading skills. The development of good reading habits will benefit children for life.
Judging from the interview questions of private primary schools in Shanghai in recent years, the problem of literacy is indeed unavoidable for families planning to run private schools. At present, many teaching institutions use the literacy of children of 2,000 or 3,000 as a means to attract parents to sign up, but this behavior of emphasizing literacy is unscientific in itself. First of all, although the advantage of large pre-school literacy will be reflected in the first grade, its advantage will gradually decrease or even become a disadvantage with the backward progress of teaching. This is because children have a large amount of literacy, and they will feel that they have mastered the relevant content in class and feel that they don't need to learn any more. Therefore, it is easy to cause children's slackness in learning, mislead children to form bad study habits and listening habits, and even cause children's self-evaluation to be too high. Secondly, children aged 3-6 are required to reach a certain literacy level, mostly by rote learning, which means that children should spend their time and energy on mastering other important abilities. Moreover, it may take several years to master 1000 Chinese characters in this period, but it may only take a few months for children's memory and understanding ability to mature. Thirdly, if children are asked to read too much, not only can they not cultivate their interest, but they may even dislike Chinese characters themselves and even reading, which is not worth the candle.
As for pre-school writing training, the key is not how many words you can write, but how to exercise children's wrist strength and standardize their pen holding posture. For example, fun games such as maze walking and erasing are more in line with children's interest characteristics. Some children write crooked, not because they don't want to write well, but because their brain opponents have insufficient control. The flexibility of children's hands is influenced by age and training, so preschool children should pay more attention to the training of fine movements. If you have a good writing foundation, you will have an advantage in writing speed.
2
Do you want to teach children arithmetic? How to cultivate the ability of mathematical logic?
Dach education expert: Mathematical ability has two aspects, one is the basic number concept and computing ability, and the other is mathematical logic based on it. One of the bullfrog configurations widely circulated on the Internet before was "addition and subtraction within 100", which refers to computing power. For preschool children, the inspiration and cultivation of mathematical logic is more important than the training of computing ability: computing ability is a low-level ability, emphasizing memory and proficiency (complex operations require some skills); Mathematical logic is an advanced ability, which emphasizes thinking and reasoning with the help of abstract digital symbols and concepts. In early childhood, children's intelligence has not been fully developed. Parents should attach importance to the improvement of children's thinking ability and cultivate their logic in learning, so as to learn mathematics well. Take 3+2 as an example. In the process of training, the most important thing is not the result, but to let the children list the mathematical expressions such as 3+2. If a child can list expressions like 3+2 instead of 3-2, it means that he will think with mathematical thinking. As for whether 3+2 is equal to 5 or 8, this is the problem to be solved by the operation. The process of calculating formulas, similar to drawing drawings by engineers, is a kind of advanced thinking activity, while the answer to calculating 3+2 is a kind of low-level thinking, similar to a kind of manual labor. This is the difference between mathematical thinking and operation. Parents must be clear about this difference, and don't neglect the cultivation of thinking ability because of too much emphasis on computing ability. Many children are good at math in the lower grades, but not in the middle and upper grades. The reason is probably that calculation is more important than thinking, results are more important than process. Because junior students despise thinking training, when senior students have more application problems, the weakness of insufficient thinking is exposed, so thinking training should be carried out from an early age.
For preschool children, cultivating mathematical logic is not an extension of traditional exam-oriented counseling training, but an interesting learning based on their cognitive thinking mode and guided by rich teaching AIDS and situational scenes. Why do you say that? First of all, children develop their thinking through action. 3-6 years old, thinking is done through perception and action. Children can only think while listening, watching and playing. Secondly, the situational story scene deepens the language expression ability, and the language expression ability and mathematical logic ability complement each other. The stronger the child's language understanding ability, the better the understanding of the topic will be. Accordingly, if you can persist in training your child's mathematical and logical ability, your child's Chinese understanding ability will also be improved.
three
Do you want to teach children English? Can English letters be confused with Pinyin?
Dutch education expert: Many parents of preschool children will ask such a question when choosing English for their children: "Will it be chaotic to learn English now and Pinyin later?" Theoretically speaking, English letters and Pinyin belong to two completely different language systems, because Chinese and English are located in different language areas. With proper guidance, children can avoid confusion between pinyin and English. In practical application, Chinese Pinyin and English letters do not exist and appear in complete isolation, but appear in both Chinese and English language environments. When an environment appears, children are first influenced by this environment, consciously or unconsciously putting pinyin or letters in this big environment, and then distinguishing them without confusion. For children who have just started to contact English, parents can focus on their listening and speaking training, take into account their acceptance, and mainly start with cultivating their interests. At present, when most children's English teaching institutions teach pure English, teachers will let children remember the pronunciation of letters through various forms such as body movements, songs or pictures, so that English letters are fixed instead of Chinese pinyin. It is not advisable for some parents to ask their children to stop learning languages because they are worried that their children will be confused.
Judging from the interview of private primary schools in Shanghai in recent years, almost all of them have to introduce themselves in English and imitate small languages. Therefore, for families who are determined to apply for private colleges, it can be said that they need to study and prepare in advance.
Do you want a young title? How to correctly understand "young to young"?
In the past, "young convergence" usually refers to the stage adaptation from kindergarten to primary school. With the diversification of "junior high school" and the strengthening of the management of student status system, the word "junior high school" has increasingly become a high-frequency word in parents' mouths. How fierce is the competition from small to large? From preparing resumes to interviews, from buying school districts to choosing schools across regions, the urgency of the form of "young to young" is now comparable to that of the college entrance examination. Take Shanghai World Foreign Language Primary School as an example. In 20 14, the number of interviewees was 4000+, but only 120 was finally admitted through two rounds of interviews, and the admission rate of less than 3% was staggering. The upgrading of the concept reveals the intensification of competition. "Growing up" not only refers to an entrance examination in the process of choosing a school, but also includes the learning ability that children need to prepare before entering primary school.
Do you want to make a "subtitle *"? The answer to this question depends on many factors, such as parents' expectations of their children, parents' usual intentions and children's own characteristics. It should be emphasized that the connection between young and old can never be narrowly understood as several "titles *", let alone as a "sprint class" for the entrance examination of a school.
Young convergence is not a short-term process of temporary surprise, but a long-term preparation from kindergarten to the first grade of primary school. Parents' understanding, attitude and behavior towards the connection between children and young children will determine their children's performance in many aspects after entering school. Although the transition from kindergarten to primary school is mainly concentrated in the more than one year from kindergarten to primary school, a lot of preparatory work runs through the whole early childhood stage, such as the formation of habits, the formation of personality and the improvement of ability. Therefore, to really do a good job of connecting children, we must not wait until the next semester of kindergarten classes, but should start from the time when children enter the park, or even earlier.
four
What if the child has poor concentration and can't sit still?
Dutch education expert: Attention, also known as concentration, is an important learning quality and the basis of various intelligent activities such as thinking, memory and sports. Attention is an indispensable ability for intellectual development and effective learning, which has an extremely important influence on children's learning new knowledge, skills and life experience. Preschool children's attention can last for a short time, and their attention is not stable enough, and the scope is relatively small. They can't "direct" their attention, and they can't immediately return to the original attention object after being distracted. In addition, preschool children are easily influenced by external stimuli, and it is difficult to concentrate and keep their attention on things that are not of interest to them and beyond their ability. If you ask a 4-year-old to write pinyin and do arithmetic repeatedly, he is likely to be sloppy or even irritable.
If parents want their children to "sit still" after entering primary school, they should focus on training their children's concentration (including visual concentration and auditory concentration) in the preparation period of "young convergence". Professional attention training is very different from family training: attention training in family is usually random and irregular, and parents need to seize opportunities in life to consciously guide their children. This is usually natural, but it is also fragmentary and may be difficult to adhere to. Professional attention training will actively create an environment for children to concentrate for a long time, and at the same time, it will provide professional teaching AIDS or pictures to increase interest and let children consciously extend their concentration time. Furthermore, professional attention training will take into account the changes of children's age and energy level, and strengthen it in a targeted and hierarchical manner. Games are an effective way to cultivate children's intentional attention, and it is the easiest to cultivate children's intentional attention in games. Professional learning ability courses will improve children's concentration through listening, speaking and watching concentration training.
It should be noted that many parents now use electronic products such as ipad for their children, and have long been attracted by the bright, interesting and animated games in Ipad. Children can throw themselves into it without self-control. When they face paper books and blackboards in the future, their attention will be difficult to concentrate, and they will be easily disturbed by other more active and interesting things, and their attention will take longer to shift back from other irrelevant stimuli, that is, their anti-interference ability, attention time and attention quality will decline. Only through special, systematic and scientific methods can we improve our real concentration, give children ability, willpower and self-control and lay a good foundation for future study and life.
five
Children are introverted, how to integrate into primary school life faster?
Dutch education expert: Compared with kindergarten, primary school is a completely different teaching environment. Many parents have realized the importance of children's connection, but they often only pay attention to their children's knowledge reserves before entering school, ignoring their psychological and habit preparation. If the child is introverted and slow-heating, it is really a challenge to adapt to this aspect, so more time is needed for the run-up.
Parents of preschool children are advised to make conscious preparations in the following aspects:
1) Let children practice their courage: take more children to participate in group activities and parent-child activities, and encourage children to be friends with strange children. At the same time, set a good example for children to communicate with others.
2) Let children practice expression: It is very important to maintain the habit of communicating with children every day, such as family sharing meetings, which not only cultivate children's communication ability, but also cultivate children's awareness of "listening".
3) Let children practice self-confidence: Cultivate children's self-confidence imperceptibly in life, for example, encourage children to develop their own hobbies, make children feel happy and proud of "I am good at this thing", and then let children feel "I want to share it with you" and be willing to show their ideas. The cultivation of self-confidence is not achieved overnight. Whether preschool parents provide their children with enough exercise opportunities, such as language expression and talent display in public places as much as possible, can lay a good foundation for their children to adapt to primary school life as soon as possible and grow into primary school stars.
six
How to cultivate good homework habits when children procrastinate?
Dutch education expert: Parents of new students often ask, "Children are always slow to do their homework. It took him two hours to finish the homework that others could finish in half an hour. I have to go to bed very late every night. What should I do? " In addition to writing preparation, the most important thing is to let children learn time management. Psychologist Eriksson believes that in early childhood, if children get the opportunity and support of self-management, they will develop the ability of independent and independent behavior and willpower-the ability of free choice and self-control behavior.
Cultivating children's time concept and self-management ability can't wait until children go to primary school, but needs to be consciously cultivated from kindergarten. So, what can we do? I suggest you skillfully use tools to give children a sense of autonomy. For example, from the age of five to six, most children have learned to know clocks, have a certain concept of time and rules related to time, and have the will and ability to spend their time freely. If children can manage their time independently, their sense of autonomy will be further enhanced accordingly. It is a common phenomenon that parents always take pains to urge their children out of concern and fear that their children will waste time. As a result, the child almost lost the right to control himself all the time. They have to listen to adults at night, get up in the morning and need adults to remind them, and they need adults to guard their homework. In the long run, it is not conducive to the cultivation of self-management ability.
Parents can try to let their children choose a favorite alarm clock. Whatever they do, adjust the time in advance. As soon as the alarm clock starts to "call", they will start to act immediately without delay. This method can not only cultivate children's initiative consciousness, but also help children to concentrate in a certain period of time. In addition, you can also use whiteboards and stickers to help children make their own schedules. These methods can exercise children's concept of time and help them complete their homework after entering the primary school stage.