Frustration education refers to letting the educated suffer setbacks in the process of education, so as to stimulate the potential of the educated, so as to enable the educated to master knowledge and enhance their ability to resist setbacks. In the process of education, it is very necessary to educate the educated about setbacks. Many people who reach the peak of glory are often not the smartest people, but those who suffer setbacks in life. This is because those who think they are smart often choose to take some so-called "shortcuts" and often lose some very meaningful exercise opportunities; And those who live in adversity and are weather-beaten can better understand what success is. Therefore, frustration education is a good way to improve students' potential in teaching.
Second, the role of frustration education
1. Frustration education can stimulate students' potential.
In normal real life, people always have a potential that cannot be stimulated, and this potential can only be stimulated under some extraordinary circumstances. For students, when they suffer setbacks, it is easy to stimulate their potential. The more difficult it is to find the answer, the more it can stimulate students' potential and inquiry spirit, so as to carry out research-based learning and master knowledge effectively.
2. Frustration education will dampen students' self-esteem.
Influenced by age, experience and knowledge, some students often make mistakes that they should not make, such as carelessness and complacency. In this case, it is very necessary to artificially set some setbacks for them to suffer, so as to hit their self-esteem. Of course, there should be a certain limit to this kind of setback, and students should be explained clearly afterwards, not to really hit students, but to educate students through this artificial setback, so that they can clearly understand the role of setbacks in themselves, correctly understand their own abilities, eliminate pride, guard against arrogance and rashness, and thus make greater progress.
3. Frustration education can make students really enjoy the joy of success.
If students solve a difficult problem through their own efforts, the joy is self-evident and can't be described in words, which is more gratifying than learning knowledge from teachers or books. Because the knowledge gained from teachers or books has been sorted out by others, it is very boring for students to memorize without any interest and inquiry. Only through their own efforts and inquiry can the knowledge mastered be more meaningful to themselves. This is the truth that "what you get on paper is shallow, and you must practice if you don't understand anything."
4. Frustration education can make students better adapt to modern society.
Modern society is a challenging society, in which it is impossible not to suffer setbacks. If students have not been baptized by setbacks in school and have no concept of correctly treating setbacks, they are like "flowers" in a greenhouse, and they cannot adapt to society well. Only when students suffer a lot of setbacks (whether active or passive) in school, can they better adapt to society to some extent by mastering the coping methods.
Third, how to deal with setbacks.
According to statistics, in recent years, the incidence of mental illness among primary and secondary school students in China is on the rise. A survey in a northeastern province shows that nearly 30% of middle school students have psychological abnormalities (such as weariness, unrequited love and running away from home), and 5.3% of them have psychological diseases (such as depression and phobia). Answering "What should I do if I encounter difficulties?" At present, more than 90% of primary and secondary school students think of finding parents or teachers, rather than trying to solve them themselves.
Improper family education is an important reason for children's poor ability to bear setbacks. Parents "do everything", so that children's practical ability has no chance of healthy development, and children's awareness of "self-responsibility" is also difficult to cultivate. When children really face real competition and can't satisfy everything, they will naturally feel strongly frustrated. Excessive care of parents will make children passive, timid and dependent; There are also parents who restrict their children's contact with the outside world and worry that their children are in danger, which leads to their loneliness and fear of the outside world. In addition, children's physical and mental development is still unstable, and their social interaction experience is insufficient. When their participation in social activities is blocked, they are naturally prone to frustration.
An American child mental health expert said: "People who have a very happy childhood often have unfortunate adulthood." Children who seldom suffer setbacks will often suffer setbacks when they grow up because they don't adapt to the complex and changeable society. "Frustration education" is actually to let children not only get happiness from the outside world, but also stimulate an instinct of self-seeking happiness from the heart. Only in this way can we remain calm and optimistic in the face of setbacks. Most of today's children are "grown up in a greenhouse" and are cared for by everyone in the family or even generations. In life, parents are afraid that their children will suffer a little and suffer a little injustice. These parents don't realize that family frustration education is one of the more important needs of children.
Fourth, the way of family frustration education:
(1) Create a relaxed family atmosphere. Parents should pay attention to creating a relaxed family atmosphere. Don't expect too much from children, otherwise it will increase their psychological pressure and make them afraid to face setbacks; But we can't always belittle children and have no expectations for them, because it will also hurt their self-esteem and lead them to escape setbacks for stability. Therefore, parents should give their children as many choices as possible and let them grow up from the setbacks brought about by their own choices.
(2) Parents lead by example. Children's best role models in life are their parents. "Words and deeds", parents' words and deeds in dealing with setbacks will have a subtle influence on their children. Parents can often tell their children examples of overcoming various difficulties in life and work, and share their happiness after overcoming setbacks with their children. Besides, in today's idolization, parents should try to tell their children that they are actually proud of themselves. For example, let children record their experiences of overcoming setbacks, remind them to check the records in the future, follow their example, motivate themselves and overcome setbacks.
(3) Cultivate children's independence. Parents should establish a relationship of "consultant" and "inquirer" with their children. Parents can give their children advice and consultation, and children can find ways to solve their own difficulties. This helps to cultivate children's ability to overcome setbacks and self-responsibility for their actions.
June 5438+October 2007 10, China Business Daily published a news: a 6-year-old boy, dressed neatly, stood on the street selling newspapers. It turned out that the winter vacation was over, and his mother took him to the streets to sell newspapers and experience life. This practice is commendable. Lacking the experience of coping with life independently, it is often difficult for children to face setbacks. A college student, who just entered school, dropped out of school because he could not live independently without the care of his parents. Upon receiving the notice of returning to school, I jumped off the building and committed suicide. This seemingly incredible tragedy reminds us once again that children's ability to overcome setbacks and cultivate self-reliance exists in daily life. (4) hone the child's will. Frustration education is actually an indispensable nutrition for children's growth. Parents should carefully design some activities to temper their children's will, make them suffer properly and cultivate their ability to withstand setbacks. For example, let children participate in summer camps or mountaineering activities. At the same time, parents should train their children to find ways to overcome setbacks.
For example, you can turn setbacks into motivation, lower your action goals or try new ways to achieve them. Effective frustration education will help children learn to look at setbacks with an open mind, get back on their feet as soon as possible and gradually mature.
It should be pointed out that it is the responsibility of the school to implement frustration education. Teachers' duty is not only to teach books, but more importantly, to make students have the ability and courage to face reality and take responsibility. China Youth Daily once reported that a student in a middle school in Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province, said "whatever" to the teacher when the teacher adjusted the seat at the same table for advice, and was punished for sitting in the back row, so he went home and committed suicide. This shows us the weakness of exam-oriented education in the process of students' psychological quality growth. The education standard of 2 1 century puts forward the cultivation of several abilities such as cognition, doing things, getting along with others and survival, but from the current education system, the latter ones need to be implemented urgently. To this end, schools should provide students with daily psychological counseling, open psychological hotlines, and properly teach psychological adjustment methods to deal with setbacks; Carry out frustration education in the classroom, create suitable frustration situations, discuss solutions with students, and cultivate children's ability to overcome setbacks.
Five, the stages of frustration education
Early childhood: pay attention to letting go of exercise.
Try to let children leave their parents' protective circle, let go of their hands and feet, and do what they can, such as eating and dressing. Don't be afraid of trouble, let the children do it repeatedly, and the children will find the right method in constant practice; Secondly, let children do physical exercise, encourage them to get up early to exercise when winter comes, and take them hiking, climbing mountains and visiting parks on holidays to have fun while experiencing hardships; In addition, children can learn about setbacks through criticism, neglect and punishment. For example, in game activities, there is no need to let the child win every time, and there is no need to let him be the protagonist every time, so that he can experience frustration and learn to adjust himself.
Primary school stage: based on children's personality.
First of all, we must instill frustrated thoughts in our children. On the road of life, we may encounter many unpleasant things. We should make full psychological preparations, accept setbacks and then try to overcome them. In addition, parents or teachers can deliberately set some frustration situations to guide their children to face and overcome them, such as taking seven or eight-year-old children shopping and then letting them go home by bus. Of course, parents should consider all kinds of emergencies in advance and explain the countermeasures to their children.