1695, Frank of Germany founded the teacher training center in Harley. After that, short-term teacher training institutions appeared in Germany and Austria. This form is imitated by other western countries. 1In the autumn of 794, the French Provisional Parliament passed a decree to establish a public normal school in Paris in 1795+0.
1808 was funded by the French government. In 18 10, a higher normal school was established on the basis of the original Paris normal school, and an organizational connection was established with the University of Paris. 1845 changed to Paris Teachers College.
Extended data:
Achievements of normal education:
After more than 50 years of efforts after the founding of the People's Republic of China, normal education has achieved fruitful results. From 65438 to 0999 to 2006, the number of normal undergraduate colleges increased from 87 to 94; The number of normal colleges has been reduced from 1 10 to 48; The number of normal schools decreased from 683 to 199; The number of normal undergraduate graduates increased from 53,000 to 240,000.
Normal schools at all levels have trained tens of millions of teachers for primary and secondary schools. In 2006, there were10.438 million full-time teachers in ordinary primary and secondary schools, including 5.588 million primary school teachers, 3.463 million junior high school teachers and1387 million senior high school teachers. The teacher-teacher ratio of primary school students decreased to19.2:1;
The teacher-to-teacher ratio of junior middle school students dropped to17.4 ∶1; The teacher-to-teacher ratio of senior high school students is 18. 1: 1. From the perspective of urban and rural distribution, there are 6.5438+0.909 million urban teachers; 3.382 million people in counties and towns; 5147,000 people in rural areas; Teachers in rural primary and secondary schools below counties and towns account for 8 1.7%.
1997 normal universities with the right to award doctoral degrees 14, specialty points125; There are 37 normal universities with the right to award master's degrees, with 869 majors. 1997 graduate students in normal universities 1. 19000.
In 2006, the number of senior teachers in primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools in China was 0.5% (middle and senior 45.8%), 7.7% and 20.4%, respectively, which were 0. 1, 1,1percentage points higher than the previous year. The number of senior teachers in rural primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools reached 0.3%, 4.6% and 12. 1% respectively.
The proportion of senior teachers in rural schools has greatly increased, and the gap with the proportion of senior teachers in cities and towns has gradually narrowed. A large number of young and middle-aged academic leaders and backbone teachers have grown rapidly.
Normal education is a tool of education. Normal education in China supports the largest basic education in the world. Its reform and development will certainly promote the reform and development of China's basic education and make greater contributions to improving the quality of the whole nation.
Baidu encyclopedia-normal school
Baidu encyclopedia-normal education